铁素体/珠光体界面对耐酸管线钢氢致开裂敏感性的影响

利用OM、SEM、EBSD、TEM等手段,分别对热轧态和退火态耐酸管线钢的微观组织、晶界分布、位错及析出相进行表征,测试了不同组织管线钢的氢致开裂(HIC)敏感性,计算分析了有效氢扩散系数、氢陷阱密度及其对不同组织的氢捕获效率,重点探讨了铁素体/珠光体(F/P)界面对耐酸管线钢HIC敏感性的影响。结果表明,随着管线钢珠光体含量的增加,F/Fe_3C界面及F/P界面越多,二者作为不可逆氢陷阱会阻碍氢的扩散,提高氢的捕获效率,有效氢扩散系数降低,管线钢的HIC敏感性提高;F/P界面附近位错的聚集会加速氢原子向高界面能的F/P界面聚集,使氢致裂纹起始于F/P界面处,并沿着F/P界面扩展。     

极端临氢环境金属材料力学性能数据库开发及应用

 石化和氢能领域中高压氢系统承载件在制造残余影响、高压氢气和复杂载荷耦合作用下易发生氢致损伤。为确保高压氢系统长期、稳定、安全、可靠地运行,亟需为高压氢系统产品开发提供材料性能基础数据。本文从数据独立性和易扩展性方面入手,结合前期高压氢环境中材料实验数据(慢应变速率拉伸实验、断裂韧性实验和疲劳裂纹扩展实验),基于VB 编程语言开发了高压氢环境金属材料力学性能数据库。结合国内外学者的研究对数据库应用进行了分析,展示了数据库收录金属材料氢脆数据的多面性和全面性。     

去除水体中F-和SO2-4的吸附材料

选择火山渣、 骨炭、 粉煤灰和锰砂为吸附材料, 考察其去除水体中F^-和SO^2-₄的性能, 并将火山渣和骨炭进行改性, 研究其改性后的动力学规律. 结果表明： 火山渣和骨炭对F-的吸附量分别为0.092,0.041 mg/g, 对SO^2-₄的吸附量分别为5.72,3.99 mg/g; 粉煤灰和锰砂对F^-的吸附量均低于0.020 mg/g, 均未吸附SO^2-₄;Al₂(SO₄)₃可作为改性剂; 经质量分数为10%的Al₂(SO₄)₃联合热改性后火山渣对F^-的最大吸附量为0.099 mg/g; 经质量分数为10%的Al₂(SO₄)₃化学改性后火山渣对SO^2-₄的最大吸附量为5.93 mg/g; 二者动力学吸附规律均符合准二级方程.     

Electrochemical investigation on the hydrogen permeation behavior of 7075-T6 Al alloy and its influence on stress corrosion cracking

The hydrogen permeation behavior and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of precharged 7075-T6 Al alloy were investigated in this paper. Devanthan–Stachurski (D-S) cell tests were used to measure the apparent hydrogen diffusivity and hydrogen permeation current density of specimens immersed in 3.5wt% NaCl solution. Electrochemical experiment results show that the SCC susceptibility is low during anodic polarization. Both corrosion pits and hydrogen-induced cracking are evident in scanning electron microscope images after the specimens have been charging for 24 h.     

Effects of H content on the tensile properties and fracture behavior of SA508-III steel

SA508-Ⅲ steel was charged with different hydrogen (H) contents using a high-pressure thermal charging method to study the effects of H content on the tensile properties and evaluate the H embrittlement behavior of the steel. The results indicate that the ultimate tensile strength remains nearly unchanged with the addition of H. In contrast, the yielding strength slightly increases, and the elongation significantly decreases with increasing H content, especially at concentrations exceeding 5.6×10-6. On the basis of fractographic analysis, it is clear that the addition of H changes the fracture mode from microvoid coalescence to a mixture of river patterns and dimples. Carbides are strong traps for H; thus, the H atoms easily migrate in the form of Cottrell atmosphere toward the carbides following moving dislocations during tensile deformation. In addition, stress-induced H atoms accumulate at the interface between carbides and the matrix after necking under three-dimensional stress, which weakens the interfacial bonding force. Consequently, when the local H concentration reaches a critical value, microcracks occur at the interface, resulting in fracture.     

以N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为单体紫外光接枝制备抗污染PVDF超滤膜

 采用紫外光照接枝N, N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺单体的改性方法,对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)平板超滤膜进行抗污染改性,研究不同紫外接枝改性条件对膜性能的影响。通过扫描电镜、全反射红外光谱对改性前后膜的表面微观形貌和结构进行表征。结果表明,膜的表面变得更加光滑,引入的亲水性基团,提高了亲水性。在单体浓度为0.7 mol/L,光照时间为3 min 的条件下,改性效果最好;膜的抗污染性能最佳,同时改性对膜的通量影响较小。该改性方法的主要优点是通过水相接枝液就可对PVDF 表面进行改性,大大降低改性实验的要求和成本。     

反式丁烯二酸和对羟基苯甲酸为主体晶格的四丙基铵包合物的制备与晶体结构

合成了反式丁烯二酸和对羟基苯甲酸为主体晶格的正丙基铵阳离子包合物(n-C3H7)4N+(1/2C4H2O42-)·(p-HOC6H4CO2H)·3H2O,并通过单晶X射线衍射法对其进行了晶体结构测定.结果表明,晶体属单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,晶胞参数a=1.902(4),b=0.886(2),c=1.791(4),β=102.75(3)°,V=2.944(12)3,Z=4,R1=0.058 9,wR=0.112 7.包合物中,反式丁烯二酸阴离子与4个独立的水分子氢键连接形成沿(100)点阵面无限延伸的二维氢键褶皱网格,构成类菱形管道的相邻两管壁,对羟基苯甲酸分子穿插在氢键层中构成类菱形管道的另一相邻两管壁,每个管道内包含了一列规则排列的正四丙基铵阳离子(n-C3H7)4N+.     

Fabrication and properties of foam geopolymer using circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash

In recent years, circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash (CFA) is used as a raw material for geopolymer synthesis. Hydrogen peroxide was employed as a foaming agent to prepare CFA-based foam geopolymer. The particle distribution, mineral composition, and chemical composition of CFA were examined firstly. Geopolymerization products were characterized by mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The CFA-based foam geopolymer was successfully fabricated with different contents of hydrogen peroxide and exhibited uncompleted alkali reaction and reasonable strength with relative low atomic ratios of Si/Al and Si/Na. Type-C CFA in this research could be recycled as an alternative source material for geopolymer production.     

La-Mg-Ni系储氢合金的容量衰减与其组织结构

为了研究AB2型La-Mg-Ni系储氢合金的容量衰减以及循环前后合金的组织结构,采用Sieverts法测试了LaSmMgNi4.1快淬态合金的吸放氢量,用X射线衍射分析（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）分别测试和观察了循环前后合金的相结构、颗粒形貌以及原子排列。结果表明,合金的吸放氢量随着循环次数增加发生衰减,合金的吸放氢衰减速率与循环阶段有关。合金由不同生长方向、不同尺寸的柱状晶组成,成分基本均匀,主要由(LaSm)MgNi4主相和LaNi5相组成,相组成的组织为晶态。经过吸放氢循环后,合金由大量非晶和少量晶态组成。随着循环次数增加,合金颗粒粉化与蓬松严重。     

受限于对称性破缺狭缝间氢键流体的界面性质

利用经典流体的密度泛函理论并结合改进的基本度量理论研究了受限于对称性破缺狭缝间氢键流体的界面性质.首先,根据氢键流体在狭缝间的吸附-脱附等温线以及相应的巨势等温线获得不同条件下氢键流体的界面张力.在此基础上,集中讨论了对称性破缺程度、氢键键能以及狭缝间距等因素对氢键流体界面特征的影响.结果表明:流体的界面性质与这些因素密切相关,研究结果可为进一步揭示对称性破缺条件下流体的相平衡及界面特征提供可能的理论线索.