STUDY ON THE ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE BLEACHING OF BAMBOO KRAFT PULP

1INTRODUCTIONChina is a country using the most variety of non-wood fiber raw material and is the largest country producing non-wood fiber pulp and paper in the world[1]. Bamboo is one kind of the main non-wood species for papermaking in China. Although the structure of raw materials for papermaking has being adjusted through increasing the proportion of wood pulp and by effectively utilizing waste paper source, non-wood species will still remain an important fiber resource[1,2].At present…     

基于条件风险价值的智能区域代理商报价策略及EV充电管理

智能区域代理商整合区域内电动汽车(electric vehicle,EV)参与电力市场交易,然而在联营市场(包括日前和实时市场)交易机制下,联营市场电价的随机性增加了代理商的市场交易风险.基于此,提出了以联营市场条件期望购电成本最小为目标的报价决策模型,该模型考虑了联营市场电价的随机特性,并将模型转换成带条件风险价值约束的随机优化问题.由于含随机性变量概率密度函数的积分计算困难,因此利用蒙特卡罗模拟,预测电价分布特性,采用抽样平均近似法对模型进行离散化处理,并通过构造函数将原问题化为凸优化问题进行求解.数值实验表明代理商通过控制EVs参与联营市场竞价交易,对EVs进行充电管理,可有效降低峰谷差,有助于电网的稳定性.     

异烟肼-柚皮素共晶的表征及其性能研究

以抗结核药异烟肼和黄酮类天然产物柚皮素为原料,采用混悬法制得异烟肼-柚皮素的药物-药物共晶。通过XRPD、DSC、FTIR、SSNMR和LNMR等分析技术对共晶产物进行了表征,分析了共晶分子间的氢键作用,确定了共晶中异烟肼和柚皮素的比例;对异烟肼、柚皮素和共晶在模拟生理液中的表观平衡溶解度进行了比较研究。结果表明,异烟肼的酰肼基和吡啶氮与柚皮素上的3个羟基在共晶中形成了新的氢键,共晶产物中异烟肼与柚皮素的摩尔比为1∶1;共晶能大幅降低异烟肼的表观平衡溶解度,提高柚皮素的表观平衡溶解度,说明所得共晶能够在保留异烟肼抗结核药效的同时,减弱肝损伤,药理作用明显。     

煤矿硫化氢防治技术研究进展

 煤矿H₂S气体异常富集而导致的突然涌出和伤亡事故越来越频繁。根据H₂S在煤矿中的分布特征、赋存形式和涌出形态,综述了含煤岩层、巷道风流中和地下水体中的H₂S防治技术。目前使用的H₂S防治技术主要有煤层施钻高压注碱中和、巷道碱液喷洒、加大风量稀释、改变通风方式、抽排、疏堵及综合治理等方法;采用的碱性药剂主要是质量百分比浓度为0.5%～3.0%的碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠溶液等;部分碱性溶液中添加有表面活性剂、芬顿试剂、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、次氯酸纳或氯胺-T等。分析了各类防治技术的治理效果及存在的主要问题,提出了一种新型的煤矿H₂S综合防治技术方案。各矿井应根据H₂S在煤岩层中的赋存、分布情况和涌出形态,依据目前技术水平,结合H₂S防治成本进行有效治理。     

Ru基化合物催化制氢的研究进展

氢的存储是车载燃料电池发展的关键环节。甲醇在室温下呈液态并且储氢量达12.6wt%,然而分解甲醇制氢需要较高的温度(超过200℃)和压强(25~50bar)。最近研究者报道了利用单核钌(Ru)基化合物作催化剂,在常温常压条件下可以将甲醇分解成CO_2和H_2;利用双核Ru基化合物作催化剂,可以将多聚甲醛或甲醛与水的混合溶液有选择性地脱氢生成H_2和CO_2,但是关于Ru基化合物微观层次的催化机制还需要进一步研究。本文综述了不同配体构型和不同种类配体对催化剂活性的影响及其脱氢路径,以及催化剂的催化活性和溶液的pH值之间的关系,阐明如何改进现有单核Ru基钳型化合物和双核Ru基化合物催化剂的性能,设计催化活性更优良的新型催化剂。     

Linear and non-linear pseudocapacitances with or without diffusion control

Pseudocapacitance is an important reversible charge storage mechanism in many electrode materials. Although the concept was first proposed in early 1960s, it has been more widely studied following the observation of rectangular cyclic voltammograms (CVs) when testing some transition metal oxides and electronically conducting polymers, and the association with supercapacitor. However, interpretation of pseudocapacitance is inconsistent in the literature. Although all agree that materials are pseudocapacitive if they undergo Faradaic reactions and exhibit rectangular CVs, some have regarded any surface confined Faradaic reactions which may present non-rectangular or even peak-shaped CVs to be pseudocapacitive. In the case of rectangular CVs, the amount of charge stored in the electrode is a linear function of the electrode potential, whilst for non-rectangular or peak-shaped CVs, the relationship is non-linear. It is shown in this article that only linear pseudocapacitance is of relevance to supercapacitor, but non-linear pseudocapacitance may find applications in rechargeable battery and supercapattery. Further, it is clarified that the equation i ​= ​k₁v ​+ ​k₂v^1/2 is useful in analysis of electrode kinetics in terms of surface confinement and diffusion control. However, this kinetic equation is blind to the thermodynamically determined charge storage mechanisms as shown by experimental evidence, and should not be used to differentiate non-capacitive Faradaic processes from pseudocapacitance, either linear or non-linear.     

HBED、EHPG分子内氢键与光谱性质

在pH 7.4、0.1 mol·L-1 Hepes条件下,由Tb3+荧光测得Tb-EHPG条件稳定常数log K为13.95±0.13;EHPG与金属离子结合后分子内O…H-O型氢键断裂而导致荧光被淬灭；HBED与金属离子结合后分子内N…H-O型氢键断裂而导致荧光增强,荧光变化均与结合的金属离子的原子量成反比.由此总结了稀土离子与HBED,EHPG结合的规律.并用荧光方法推断了脱铁伴清蛋白N-,C-端结合部位酪氨酸残基的分子内氢键类型.     

基于STC89C54RD的RFID读卡器的设计与应用

提出并实现了一种基于STC89C54RD的RFID读卡器的设计方案,能运用在新能源电动汽车的交流充电桩上实现启动、停止控制和查询、扣费等功能.通过对应用了本设计的交流充电桩的功能测试,系统实现了预定的功能,并具有控制灵活、工作稳定、使用方便、适应环境能力强等特点.     

New crystal structure of molecular complex 1-piperidine carboxylate-piperidinium-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O studied by X-ray single crystal diffraction

Piperidine absorbs CO2 and H2O in air to form a molecular complex： piperidium-l-piperidinecarboxylate-H2O. The structure of the complex was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure was determined to be triclinic, space group P1^-with a=0.648 6（8） nm, b=0.809 200） nm, c= 1.357 1（16） nm, a=96.96706）°, β =102.506（15）°,γ=104.202 05）°, Z=2. The complex is stabilized via five hydrogen bonds between the three components, N-O electrostatic interaction and O-O interaction （electron transfer） betweenl-piperidinecarboxylate and H2O. Due to electron transference of carbamate ion, the oxygen atom in water molecule is strongly negatively charged and the O-H bond is considerably shorter than that of the free molecule of water. The formation of the molecular complex is a reversible process and will decompose upon heating. The mechanism of formation and stabilization is further investigated herein.     

二硫基二苯并噻唑的绿色合成

以2-巯基苯并噻唑(M)为原料,于水相(含少量丙酮)体系中,在过氧化氢的氧化下发生反应,高产率获得二硫基二苯并噻唑(DM)。