The research of controller area network on hybrid electrical vehicle

It is of increasing importance to design and implement vehicle networks for transferring information between electrical control units on Hybrid Electrical Vehicle （HEV）. This paper presents a scheme of using Controller Area Network （CAN） technology to realize communication and datasharing between the electrical units on the HEV. The principle and communication protocol of Electrical Control Units （ECU） CAN node are introduced. By considering different sensitivity of the devices to the latency of data transportation, a new design procedure is proposed for the purpose of simplifying network codes and wiring harness, reducing assembly space and weight, improving assembly efficiency, and enhancing fault-diagnose in auto networks.     

考虑多重不确定性的托管药房物流调度优化

为有效控制药房托管的药品物流运营成本,本文首先结合时空网络架构,将托管药房的药品物流调度过程描绘成一种多层时空网络,继而将研究问题构建为优化领域中的多重货物网络流问题.在此基础上,综合考虑药品物流调度过程中的需求不确定性、配送服务时间不确定性以及药品供应成本的可变性,建立基于药房托管模式的药品物流调度随机优化模型并设计具有挑选规则的混合遗传算法进行求解.参数测试表明,当挑选判断系数设为0.6时,求解算法可以收敛到比较理想的解;算例分析表明,本文所设计的随机优化模型在各决策回合的解与完全信息模型解之间的逼近程度不一,但总误差仅为0.56%;敏感性分析则发现药房最低安全库设置存在一个最优均衡点.     

Hybrid Forecasting with Estimated Temporally Aggregated Linear Processes

We introduce a new strategy for the prediction of linear temporal aggregates; we call it ‘hybrid’ and study its performance using asymptotic theory. This scheme consists of carrying out model parameter estimation with data sampled at the highest available frequency and the subsequent prediction with data and models aggregated according to the forecasting horizon of interest. We develop explicit expressions that approximately quantify the mean square forecasting errors associated with the different prediction schemes and that take into account the estimation error component. These approximate estimates indicate that the hybrid forecasting scheme tends to outperform the so‐called ‘all‐aggregated’ approach and, in some instances, the ‘all‐disaggregated’ strategy that is known to be optimal when model selection and estimation errors are neglected. Unlike other related approximate formulas existing in the literature, those proposed in this paper are totally explicit and require neither assumptions on the second‐order stationarity of the sample nor Monte Carlo simulations for their evaluation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于专利引文数据的混合动力汽车创新扩散研究

以巴斯扩散模型为理论基础,利用1995～2011年的专利引文数据,对混合动力汽车的技术扩散模型进行了非线性最小二乘法估计。结果显示：①各参数均为统计上显著的,且可决系数与调整可决系数均较大;②该技术的扩散路径符合巴斯模型,且处于成熟阶段。同时,以普锐斯为例,对其1997～2010年的销售数据进行拟合与预测,结果显示,该产品的扩散过程符合巴斯模型。文章认为新技术的扩散与新产品之间存在时滞。     

基于SIMULINK仿真的基础隔震-PTMD混合控制结构的抗震分析

研究顶层设置被动调谐质量阻尼器的基础隔震混合控制结构的抗震性能.建立该混合控制结构的数学模型,应用双线型恢复模型描述橡胶垫隔震层的弹塑性特性.在SIMULINK环境下对混合控制结构进行仿真动力分析.通过具体结构的地震动力的时程反应分析.经仿真分析表明,证实了混合控制制震效果优于单一的被动控制.     

高载量钴离子掺杂MnO2用于高性能锌离子混合电容器

通过恒流电沉积的方法在柔性碳布上制备了钴离子掺杂的MnO₂,其负载量达到13.8 mg/cm²。利用X射线衍射仪（X-ray diffractometer, XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope, SEM）、X射线光电子能谱（X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, XPS）和电化学工作站等对材料的结构和性能进行表征,探究了钴离子掺杂对MnO₂电化学性能的影响。结果表明,当该电极与活性炭组装成液态锌离子混合电容器（zinc ion hybrid capacitors, Zn-HCs）时,Zn-HCs在2 mA/cm²的电流密度下,面积比电容高达5 883.0 mF/cm²,面积能量密度为3 154.9 μWh/cm²,与锌离子电池的能量水平相当。当该电极与活性炭组装成准固态柔性Zn-HCs时,Zn-HCs具有较好能量密度（在1 mW/cm²的功率密度下达1 351.1 μWh/cm² ）的同时具有优异的机械柔韧性,使Zn-HCs有望应用于新一代的柔性可穿戴设备。     

基于滑模估计器和卡尔曼滤波的PMSM速度估计

针对永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器的控制问题,提出了一种结合滑模估计器和扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)两种方法优点的混合估计器。混合估计器解决了滑模估计器对于反电动势具有较大"畸变"的电机速度估计效果差的缺点。混合估计器建立了一个3阶EKF滤波器,把反电动势高次谐波分量作为系统和测量噪声处理。降阶后的EKF参数调节变得比传统的EKF估计器相对容易很多,在反电动势有"畸变"单纯滑模估计器估计效果很差时,估计效果依然很好。对滑模估计器、传统EKF估计器和混合控制器三种估计效果做了比较,阐明了混合估计器的优缺点。     

一种基于混合包围盒结构的实时碰撞检测的有效方法

有向包围盒(OBB)是一中用于复杂结构刚体模型间碰撞检测的有效方法,但是由于其自身的算法复杂性导致在检测距离较远的模型时检测效率不及轴向包围盒(AABB)或球形盒(Sphere).使用OBB和Sphere的混合包围盒结构的碰撞检测算法,通过使用Sphere与Sphere或Sphere与OBB包围盒之间的检测方法快速剔除了模型距离较远时相交的可能性,通过使用OBB与OBB的检测方法精确检测距离较近的模型之间的相交状态.通过与经典算法OBB的比较试验及其他实验证明对于具有复杂结构的刚体,基于混合层次包围盒结构的算法是一种有效的并且精确的实时碰撞检测算法.     

高速磁浮列车用混合滤波器设计的仿真研究

高速磁悬浮列车系统的谐波是一种典型的强非线性、冲击性负荷,是一种重要的新型谐波源,在没有补偿措施时,它会带来较严重的电网谐波问题。针对高速磁悬浮列车系统谐波的特征,运用自适应谐波检测方法对谐波进行检测分离,通过有源滤波器和无源滤波器的有效配合,最终达到谐波抑制,改善功率因数,优化电网电能质量的目的。     

Research on consistency measurement and weight estimation approach of hybrid uncertain comparison matrix

The consistency measurement and weight estimation approach of the hybrid uncertain comparison matrix in the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） are studied. First, the decision-making satisfaction membership function is defined based on the decision making＇s allowable error. Then, the weight model based on the maximal satisfactory consistency idea is suggested, and the consistency index is put forward. Moreover, the weight distributing value model is developed to solve the decision making misleading problem since the multioptimization solutions in the former model. Finally, the weights are ranked based on the possibility degree approach to obtain the ultimate order.