Life cycle of Huarpea fallax (Hymenoptera: Sapygidae) in a xeric forest in Argentina

This study describes the life cycle of Huarpea fallax (Hymenoptera: Sapygidae) in a xeric forest in La Pampa province, Argentina. This cleptoparasitic wasp attacks the nests of two species of leaf-cutter bees: Megachile catamarcensis and Anthidium vigintipunctatum, both belonging to the family Megachilidae. Nests of these bee species were obtained during a trap-nesting programme. Adult emergence showed a unimodal pattern indicating a univoltine life cycle. The period from egg-laying to adult emergence lasted for 10–13 months; however, one female took about 2 years to emerge, suggesting parsivoltinism. Most females attack one cell per host nest, the outermost cells being the ones most parasitized. However, the position of the attacked cells was variable. In this paper, although there were insufficient data to prove a correlation, the data suggest a positive trend between body size of sapygid wasps and their host bees.     

Meteorus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitoids of Pyralidae: description and biology of two new species and first record of Meteorus desmiae Zitani, 1998 from Ecuador

Two new Ecuadorian wasp species attacking pyralid larvae are described: Meteorus albisericus and Meteorus pyralivorus, as well as a new Ecuadorian distribution record for Meteorus desmiae Zitani, another pyralid parasitoid, previously known from Costa Rica and Colombia. The hosts of M. albisericus were found feeding on Clibadium glabrescens S. F. Blake (Asteraceae), Diplazium costale var. robustum (Sodiro) Stolze (Dryopteridaceae), Brunellia tomentosa Bonpl. (Brunelliaceae) and Cavendishia sp. Lindl. (Ericaceae). Chusquea scandens Kunth (Poaceae) is the associated plant for M. pyralivorus hosts. Meteorus. albisericus is the first Neotropical Meteorus species with dorsopes whose biology is known. We hypothesize that the parasitism of pyraloid caterpillars has originated at least twice in Neotropical Meteorus.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B603F36B-4645-490D-AD4D-469088EEF36F     

Leucocytozoon toddi in British sparrowhawks Accipiter nisus: observations on the dynamics of infection

Leucocytozoon infection was studied in a breeding population of sparrowhawks Accipiter nisus in the British Midlands. Almost all transmission was apparently ‘vertical’ from adults to young, at the nest site. Parasites largely disappeared from the blood between October and April, reappearing in a ‘spring relapse’ during the nesting season. Infected birds remained infected for life; there was no evidence of reduced longevity in infected birds once they had dispersed from their natal nest site. There was no assortative mating between infected or uninfected males and females. It is postulated that the concentration of birds at the nest site allows transmission by a non-specific vector breeding in the same vicinity. At other times of year the birds are more regularly dispersed and transmission in unlikely to occur.     

A new species of the Neotropical genus Beebeomyia (Diptera: Richardiidae) with observations of its biology on Dieffenbachia oerstedii (Araceae)

A new species of the genus Beebeomyia Curran found in central Veracruz (Mexico) is described, including characters of the male and female terminalia, and a key to the identification of the known species is provided. This new species was found feeding within inflorescences of Dieffenbachia oerstedii Schott (Araceae). Larvae were found throughout the inflorescence, with a proportion nearly three times higher in the female (bottom) than the male (top) section. The life cycle from larval stage to adult emergence takes place in an average time of 42 days, while pupation occurs within the inflorescence. Observations of the oviposition behaviour suggest that after oviposition, the female marks the inflorescence with a deterrent pheromone to prevent further ovipositions by other conspecific females.

http://zoobank.org/lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DC19F7E5-3AAF-4E5C-A35C-F4872C89D3B4     

Distinct parasitoid communities associated with host races of the leaf-mining moth Acrocercops transecta on distantly related host plants (Juglandaceae and Ericaceae)

Differences in host-plant species may affect the structure of parasitoid communities of phytophagous insects. Phytophagous insect species often consist of host races, and comparisons between host races enable us to infer the effects of host-plant differences on parasitoid communities. Here, we compare the parasitoid fauna of two host races of the leaf-mining moth Acrocercops transecta, which are associated with either Juglandaceae or Lyonia ovalifolia (Ericaceae). Field collection and subsequent laboratory rearing revealed a significantly higher parasitization ratio in the Juglandaceae race than in the Lyonia race. In the Juglandaceae race the majority of parasitoids were Braconidae, whereas in the Lyonia race the majority were Eulophidae. Furthermore, even within the same host race the most abundant parasitoid species differed between populations with different host associations. Hence, the present results strongly indicate that different host-plant taxa affect the structure of parasitoid communities even within a single phytophagous insect species.     

掺杂聚苯胺复合材料电磁参数及吸波性能研究

采用3cm波导式测量线在8～14GHz频率范围内,用多点拟合的实验和计算方法对掺杂聚苯胺的微波吸收特性及参量进行了研究．发现浓H2SO4掺杂本征态聚苯胺(PAn)所合成材料的电损耗很小、磁损耗较大(相对于HCI—PAn)．FeCl2掺杂浓H2SO4-PAn材料可合成磁损耗较高、基本上有利于吸收微波的材料;更令人注意的是,将HCl—PAn与浓H2SO4-PAn—FeCl3按一定的比例混合,可以合成出平均衰减为13．37dB、最大衰减为26．7dB、密度为0．7g／cm^3、频宽为10．34～14GHz的很有利于吸收微波的材料．同时．比较了有机酸掺杂聚苯胺DBSA—PAn与HCI—PAn的吸波性能。     

主机攻击分析及安全防护初探

基于攻击者攻击主机的基本步骤,对其中关键步骤在攻击过程中所担当的任务进行了分析,总结出了若干攻击特征．根据所给出的攻击特征,设计了一个主机监测系统,讨论了该监测系统各组成要素的主要功能及监控机制．通过主机监测系统对攻击的监控,增强了主机的实时安全防护能力,提高了主机的安全性．     

基于CAN总线和嵌入式USB主机的智能溶解氧传感器系统的设计

为了将水产养殖中的溶解氧进行采集并可靠地远传和存储,设计了基于CAN总线和嵌入式USB主机的智能溶解氧传感器系统。将CAN总线应用到水产养殖的现场环境中,利用CAN总线的实时性、可靠性和灵活性,能够实时显示水环境中的溶解氧含量,并可以与上位机进行通信。嵌入式USB主机可以脱离PC独立运行,将采集的数据保存到移动USB存储设备中,扩展了系统的存储容量。该系统为溶解氧浓度的控制提供了可靠的数据,具有良好的应用前景。     

基于啁啾光纤光栅的增益平坦滤波器

采用啁啾相位掩膜板和程控扫描曝光技术, 在经过载氢增敏化处理的普通单模光纤上制作出可以用于掺铒光纤放大器增益谱平坦化的啁啾光纤光栅增益平坦器（GFF）, 经该器件平坦后的EDFA增益谱在30 nm带宽范围内, 不平坦度<±0.3 dB.