深部逆断层圆弧形断面诱发煤岩动力灾害的力学分析

为了探索逆断层附近易于发生煤岩动力灾害的力学机制,构建了由构造应力为主导的圆弧形断层面简化力学模型,得到了构造应力以及由其引起附加垂直应力的分布规律,进而建立了断层上盘逆冲滑动临界角度的数学模型。研究表明:水平构造应力与附加垂直应力随着断层倾角的增大而增大,当断层倾角接近90°时,附加垂直应力突然增大且其值数倍高于水平构造应力;基于逆断层滑动的力学分析,理论计算了煤层沿断层逆冲滑动的临界角度,这将对煤岩动力灾害的危险性预测有一定的参考意义。     

内阻差异对锂离子电池性能的影响

选用正负极体系相同但交流内阻不同的3款锂离子全电池进行电性能测试,比较不同的交流内阻对电池不同放电深度(DOD)下的开路电压、直流阻抗、功率的影响.结果表明:交流内阻的差异对锂离子全电池不同DOD下的开路电压影响不大;交流内阻越大的锂离子全电池相应的直流阻抗也越大,内阻差异在脉冲电流越大时对直流阻抗的影响越明显,在10%~80%DOD区间内,同一交流内阻的锂离子全电池直流阻抗变化不大;交流内阻小的锂离子全电池的功率较强,在深DOD区间下,锂离子全电池的功率明显降低.     

小方坯结晶器锥度优化

利用商业软件Thercast建立了描述水冷结晶器内钢液凝固传热和弹塑性变形的有限元模型,对凝固过程进行三维热力耦合求解。首先在坯壳表面施加热流密度,从而得到铸坯结晶器内凝固收缩量和坯壳温度分布,并分析钢水静压力的影响,提出结晶器锥度的设计原则,以确定合适的结晶器纵断面锥度。然后在结晶器铜管冷面施加水冷换热系数,并考虑保护渣和气隙对坯壳凝固的影响,研究坯壳在结晶器内的凝固过程,从而验证所提锥度的合理性。     

局部二值模式在连铸坯表面缺陷识别中的应用

为了解决传统的图像识别算法无法准确识别铸坯表面缺陷的问题,提出一种考虑图像相邻像素影响的改进的多块局部二进制算法(MB-LBP).该算法将原始图像分成多个小区域,每个小区域再做等分,并计算平均灰度值,再运用局部二进制模式算法进行计算.对现场采集到的连铸坯表面裂纹、划伤、压痕、凹坑和无缺陷共五类1697个样本进行实验,整体识别率达到94.9％,而传统局部二进制模式算法的识别率为89.1％,说明本文算法具有更好的鲁棒性和抗噪能力.     

铝合金大铸锭超声半连铸多场耦合的数值模拟与实验研究

建立了超声场下直径630 mm的铝合金大铸锭热顶半连铸过程中多场耦合的数学模型,采用有限体积法及自定义函数获得超声作用下结晶器内声场、流场和温度场的分布,并进行工业化实验研究。综合工业实验和仿真结果分析超声对热顶半连铸铝合金大铸锭细晶的机理。模拟结果表明,超声波对宏观物理场的影响非常明显,施加超声后,辐射杆端面下方形成向上的回流区,强烈的紊流促进铝熔体的传质传热,减小液穴深度,使液穴更加平缓,同时初始凝壳点下移,过渡带变窄,铸锭中心处过渡带宽度从342 mm减小到120 mm左右。分析实验结果发现,经超声处理,铸锭组织普遍变得细小、均匀,平均晶粒尺寸减小103μm,最大最小晶粒尺寸差从135μm减小到64μm,且凝固组织晶界变细。     

非线性耦合Harry-Dym方程的对称约化

借助符号计算软件Maple将Clarkson-Kruskal直接法应用于非线性耦合Harry-Dym方程中,运用相应规则得到对称变换并求得非线性耦合Harry-Dym方程的相似变量和相似解.通过选取不同的特殊常数得到非线性耦合Harry-Dym方程两种常微分形式的对称约化方程.利用约化方程构造了非线性耦合Harry-Dym方程可能的新严格解.     

Optimization of strand and final electromagnetic stirrers of round bloom casters with multiple sections

Strand electromagnetic stirring (S-EMS) and final electromagnetic stirring (F-EMS) are the main methods used to improve the center porosity and segregation for round blooms. To optimize the stirring conditions, nail shooting tests were conducted for three sections of large round blooms with diameters of ?380 mm, ?450 mm, and ?600 mm. Acid leaching and sulfur print tests were used to investigate the shell thickness. Based on the results of nail shooting tests, a mathematical model of solidification was established, and the variation of shell thickness and the central solid fraction were exactly calculated by the model. By taking all sections into account, the locations of S-EMS and F-EMS were optimized for each section. In the results, the macro-segregation of various sections is improved after the locations of S-EMS and F-EMS systems are changed.     

Effects of Fe content on the microstructure and properties of CuNi10FeMn1 alloy tubes fabricated by HCCM horizontal continuous casting

Heating-cooling combined mold (HCCM) horizontal continuous casting technology developed by our research group was used to produce high axial columnar-grained CuNi10FeMn1 alloy tubes with different Fe contents. The effects of Fe content (1.08wt%–2.01wt%) on the microstructure, segregation, and flushing corrosion resistance in simulated flowing seawater as well as the mechanical properties of the alloy tubes were investigated. The results show that when the Fe content is increased from 1.08wt% to 2.01wt%, the segregation degree of Ni and Fe elements increases, and the segregation coefficient of Ni and Fe elements falls from 0.92 to 0.70 and from 0.92 to 0.63, respectively. With increasing Fe content, the corrosion rate of the alloy decreases initially and then increases. When the Fe content is 1.83wt%, the corrosion rate approaches the minimum and dense, less-defect corrosion films, which contain rich Ni and Fe elements, form on the surface of the alloy; these films effectively protect the α-matrix and reduce the corrosion rate. When the Fe content is increased from 1.08wt% to 2.01wt%, the tensile strength of the alloy tube increases from 204 MPa to 236 MPa, while the elongation to failure changes slightly about 46%, indicating the excellent workability of the CuNi10FeMn1 alloy tubes.     

生物酶技术在火山岩气藏筛管水平井解堵应用

根据长深气田Ⅰ类火山岩气藏自然产能较高,采用水平井筛管完井,但在钻井过程中泥浆污染严重,使储层受到伤害,影响了自然产能的发挥.为解除钻井泥浆在井壁产生的泥浆滤饼的侵蚀,恢复储层的渗透能力,针对水平井筛管完井的实际情况,应用生物酶对钻井泥浆体系聚合物分子链的降解作用可解除泥浆滤饼污染的特点,进行了室内实验与现场应用.该生物酶解堵技术在吉林油田火山岩气藏水平气井现场应用,成功解除了储层污染,恢复了水平井的自然产能,为长深气田Ⅰ类火山岩气藏水平井产能发挥开辟了新途径.     

水平井岩屑床层移运动的规律分析

在环空紊流场作用下岩屑床呈具有特定本构关系的浓缩流动介质．本文由岩屑床层移（剪切）运动的内在机理与物理模型出发,研究层移颗粒微观运动的能量平衡与交换,得到了层移床的本构关系和流动速度场方程,以及层移床转静止床的临界水力条件,层移岩屑床的最大厚度,岩屑床的流动能力与流动阻力．阻力方程中考虑了层移床的承压特点及其与环室内外壁的不同摩擦特性．结果表明层移床的结构应力导致其运动失去关于环空几何中心的对称性,流动中心向钻具侧偏移及层移岩屑床的显著增阻效应。