一种虚拟离子电极的研究

电解质多组分的在线检测是一项具有挑战性的课题，是生物工程、设施农业和环境检测等多个领域的关键技术之一。文章针对营养液成分的在线检测，根据机理分析，利用各离子成分之间的相关性，提出了一种虚拟离子电极，并进行了详细分析。虚拟离子电极采用径向基函数网络予以算法实现。文中提出的方法可以克服目前离子电极的限制，实验结果也验证了本方法的有效性。     

论营养与智力开发的相关性

本文根据大脑营养学研究近况,论证了营养与智力开发的相关性,并分析了10种营养物质与脑的生理机能的关系.     

A new mechanism of invader success： Exotic plant inhibits natural vegetation restoration by changing soil microbe community

Since the 1950s of the last century, the exotic plant, Eupatorium adenophorum, has spread rapidly across southwest China, damaging native ecosystems and causing great economic losses. We examined the pH, N, P, K, and organic matter concentrations, and the bacterial community character (by Biolog EcoPlateTM) in soils from sites heavily and lightly invaded by this exotic species. Also, soil from the lightly invaded site was treated with a water extract of E.adenophorum roots to examine the effect of the plant on soil properties. We grew three plant species, one native and two exotic, in pot experiment using soil from heavily invaded site to examine the effects of the soil on these plants growth. The soil analysis demonstrated that the pH, organic matter, total N, total P and total K in soils from the heavily invaded site were only slightly different from those of the lightly invaded site, but concentrations of NH4^ , NO3^- and available P and K in the heavily invaded site were greater than those in the lightly invaded site. The catabolic activity of soil bacterial community in the heavily invaded site was different from that in the lightly invaded site. The catabolic activity of bacterial community in soils treated by the water extract of E.adenophorum roots changed and became similar to that in soils from the heavily invaded site. The pot experiment showed that the exotic plants growth in heavily invaded soil were not different from in lightly invaded soil; however, the native plant biomass decreased dramatically when grown in soil from the heavily invaded site as compared to soil from the lightly invaded site; and the same phenomenon was found when any potential allelopathic effects by E. adenophorum were eliminated by added activated carbon to those soils. Difference in soil nutrient availability and allelopathy could not explain this phenomenon of the native plant in the soils from the heavily and lightly invaded sites. Changes observed in the soil bacterial community were obviously related to native plant growth in those tow soils. Those results suggest that changing soil microbial community may be an important part of E. adenophorum invasion process. Since the soil microbial community serves as bridge in connection of exotic and natural plants, the exotic plant could inhibit the natural plant growth and reproduction by changing the soil microbial community in invaded site.     

绿萍营养价值特点及预测算调配饲料营养平衡渔用研究

开发固氮生物的绿萍Azolla良种为渔用饲料新资源。其营养价值特点,属于植物蛋白质饲料,氨基酸成份全面,中量、微量元素丰富,热量蛋白质比值(C/P)较低,可消化利用性高,适口性好,缺点是水分含量高及单位重量体积大。其合理利用须与其他干饲料适量配合饲用,关键在于预先测算来调配饲料的营养平衡。对罗非鱼、团头鲂、草鱼等饲养结果,鱼净增产49.4—117.6％,饲料利用效率提高63.1—74.2％,增强鱼的体质和有好的屠宰品质。     

食源性肽研究进展

食源性肽是以食用蛋白为原料,经过酶解、分离、纯化等制成的新型蛋白水解产品.阐述了食源性肽的营养保健功能和生产方法、食源性肽类产品的评价、认可情况及质量标准的研究现状,并对含有生物活性肽的传统食品以及已商业化的食源性肽类终端食品进行了概述和总结,最后对其应用前景进行了展望.     

国内外航天营养与食品工程研究回顾与展望

介绍了航天营养与食品工程学科的产生、发展及主要研究内容.重点对国内外航天特因环境下人体物质代谢规律、航天食品与包装工程技术、航天食品质量控制与安全管理技术等的研究进展进行了综述.针对我国载人航天发展规划,对我国航天营养与食品工程发展趋势进行了展望.     

三七栽培研究进展

综述了三七营养与施肥、品种选育、病虫害防治以及连作障碍克服4方面的研究进展,并对今后三七栽培技术研究的主要方向做了展望。     

猪粪废水用于三角褐指藻培养的研究

研究了以猪粪废水培养一株三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)的可行性.结果表明:猪粪废水经30g/L盐水适当稀释后可直接用于三角褐指藻的培养,无需添加其他营养物质.在污水稀释率为25倍时,藻细胞可良好地生长,最高密度为合成培养基的1.52倍.同时三角褐指藻有效去除了污水中的氮磷,总氮、氨氮和总磷的去除率分别为23%,93%和93%.与合成培养基养殖的藻相比,猪粪废水养殖的三角褐指藻的二十碳五烯酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的含量略有上升,实现了培养三角褐指藻转化废水为生物量并积累多不饱和脂肪酸的资源化.     

入侵植物紫茉莉根系分泌物对土壤微生态环境的影响

水培紫茉莉幼苗收集根系分泌物,用3种不同浓度的根系分泌物(低浓度LC,中浓度MC,高浓度HC)处理麦田土,测定其对土壤养分含量、酶活性和微生物群落的影响.结果表明,紫茉莉根系分泌物降低了土壤碱解N、有效P和K的含量,在高浓度处理下分别下降37.10%、46.71%和23.85%,达显著水平,而土壤有机质含量显著提高,增加了43.25%;土壤尿酶、碱性磷酸酶和纤维素酶活性均呈下降趋势,在中浓度处理下已达显著水平,而蛋白酶活性与此相反;随着根系分泌物浓度的提高,土壤细菌和放线菌数量表现出降—升—降的变化趋势,而土壤真菌则先升后降.紫茉莉根系分泌物改变了土壤微生物群落结构和土壤养分的供求平衡,实现自身生物量快速增长,提高竞争能力,从而实现成功入侵.     

一种个体膳食能量评估方法

针对我国居民膳食存在的能量摄入不平衡和超重肥胖人群比例过高问题,提出一种结合个体BMI的膳食能量评估方法,该方法对不同体重合理程度的个体提出相应的膳食能量评估标准,并利用能量的营养曲线对能量摄入的合理性进行量化评估.实验表明,这种方法应用于人群中的平均误差率低于1.70%,能够为个体膳食能量提供准确评估;膳食能量评分结果直观易懂、方便实用、易于推广,可为普通人群膳食能量调节及营养不良、超重和肥胖人群的膳食干预提供指导.