高压脉冲电絮凝法处理电镀废水

在电解槽中将铁板作为电极,探讨了高压脉冲电絮凝技术处理含Cr3+,Cr6+和Zn2+的电镀废水,并与直流电絮凝方法作了对比.实验结果表明,高压脉冲电絮凝法处理的工业电镀废水出水水质较好,在最优条件下,处理后的废水中总铬和Cr6+含量均为~0.1 mg/L,Zn2+含量为~0.6 mg/L,pH=8.3,均达到国家规定的排放标准水平.该法运行方便,处理时间短、与直流电絮凝法相比能量效率高,是较理想的电镀废水治理工艺,具有很好的推广应用价值.     

重型汽车悬置系统设计

文章以某重卡6×4牵引车配置美国康明斯ISME440-20发动机 采埃孚ZF16S221变速器的悬置系统设计为实例,介绍重型汽车发动机悬置系统的弯矩校核,系统解耦,软垫刚度计算,以及悬置系统设计的基本方法和步骤。     

基于PIC单片机和ICL7650的高性能检流计

本文阐述了基于PIC单片机和ICL7650的指针式检流计的设计,实现了表头指针保护,欠压检测,自动关机,键控灵敏度选择等功能并具有稳定性和灵敏度高的性能。     

惠州市植物叶片和叶面降尘的重金属特征

用ICP-AES测定了惠州市不同功能区的典型绿化树种大叶榕和紫荆叶片及其叶面降尘的重金属含量。结果表明,不同功能区植物叶片和叶面降尘的重金属含量差异显著,植物叶片综合污染指数为:商业交通区>工业区>居民区>清洁区,而叶面降尘的综合污染指数则为:工业区>商业交通区>居民区>清洁区。大叶榕叶片的重金属含量略高于紫荆,但差异不显著。降尘重金属污染严重,尤其Cd含量达到了广东省土壤背景值的120倍以上,Pb则为12倍以上。降尘重金属含量是叶片的2～800倍,通过叶片气孔吸收的降尘重金属较少。植物叶片和降尘的重金属含量随交通流量的减少而降低。除Cr和Cd元素外,大叶榕与紫荆叶片的重金属与叶面降尘中重金属相关性不显著。     

植物对土壤重金属污染修复的研究进展

对植物提取、植物钝化和植物挥发等植物修复技术类型及植物修复机理,包括植物本身分泌特殊物质来螯合溶解难溶性金属;通过某些微生物或微生物与植物的共生体促进植物对重金属的吸收;通过一些土壤改良措施如螯合剂、酸性肥料等的施用增加重金属的有效性,从而提高植物对重金属的提取效率等做了简要论述。分析了目前该研究领域存在的主要问题,以期为修复重金属污染土壤的研究和实践提供参考。     

Microbial communities in microcosm soils treated with battery waste

Battery waste is one of the most destructive hazards to our environment,especially to the soil.In order to understand the effects of the battery waste on the microbial communities in soil,microcosm soils were treated with the powder made from the battery waste.Microbial biomass and respiration were measured after 15,30,45,and 60 days of the treatment,and catabolic capability and Bi- olog profile were determined after 60 days.Microbial biomass was declined by all treatments,while microbial respiration and catabolic ca- pability were enhanced.Although microbial biomass recovered after a period of incubation,microbial respiratory quotient,catabolic capa- bility and community structure remained significantly affected.Our results also suggest that microbial respiratory quotient and Biolog pa- rameters are more sensitive than microbial biomass to the battery stress on bioavailability.     

城市脱水污泥厌氧堆肥研究

针对城市脱水污泥采取静态高温厌氧堆肥试验,进行污泥资源化的研究,为中试生产提供技术依据.结果表明,脱水污泥在14天内基本达到腐熟,基本实现了城市脱水污泥的快速、高效厌氧堆肥.因此,厌氧堆肥处理后的污泥中重金属除铜外均不超过《农用污泥中污染物控制标准》(GB4284-84),可作为园林肥料.     

Nickel accumulation and its effects on the survival rate of Spodoptera litura Fabricius under continuous nickel stress

The artificial diets mixed with various concentrations of nickel were offered to the larvae of the phytophagous insect Spodoptera litura Fabricius for 3 generations. Nickel accumulations in the 6th instar larvae, pupae and newly emerged adults of the corresponding generations of S. litura were investigated by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES), and the effects of nickel accumulations on the survival rate of S. litura were also evaluated by individual rearing. The results showed that nickel accumulated in the 6th instar larvae, pupae and adults of S. litura, and the accu- mulated nickel in all the tested developmental stages within a generation increased with the increase of the nickel doses in the treated diets and showed significant dose-dependent relationship with the nickel doses in the artificial diets. The results also indicated that the nickel accumulations in the 6th instar larvae, pupae, and newly emerged adults from the 3rd generation were higher than those from the 2nd generation, which were also higher than those from the 1st generation. Nickel concentrations in pupae and adults were significantly lower than those in larvae, which indicated that the excessive nickel might be excreted during metamorphosis. Furthermore, larval survival rate, pupation rate and eclosion rate of S. litura in the tested three generations all decreased with the increase of the nickel doses in the treated diets.     

青山嘴水库一期基础工程强夯效果分析

以青山嘴水库一期基础工程为具体实例,研究了强夯处理在增加重型动力贯入10 cm最小击数、提高地基承载力、增加干密度以及降低含水率等方面的效果.通过对试验测定的相关数据分析表明:强夯能使重型动力触探贯入10 cm最小锤击数增加417.46%～600%,地基承载力提高119.44%～163.98%,土体干密度增加7.18%～8.23%,土体含水率下降4.93%～45.14%,说明强夯效果非常显著.     

污水处理中二醛纤维素对Cu(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)Zn(Ⅱ)的吸附性能研究

采用高碘酸钠溶液对棉纤维进行选择性氧化制得二醛纤维素,运用二醛纤维素对不同重金属离子溶液做吸附性能测试.研究结果表明,二醛纤维素对Cu (Ⅱ)、Cr (Ⅵ)、Zn (Ⅱ)等重金属离子有良好的吸附作用.