Explicit analytical solutions of non-Fourier heat conduction equation for IC chip

Four basic explicit analytical solutions of non-Fourier heat conduction equation simulating IC chip thermal condition are derived. Some other analytical series solutions can also be derived with the above-mentioned basic solutions. Analytical solution has its own irreplaceable important meaning in theory. In addition, as the standard solution to check the accuracy, convergence and effectiveness of various numerical computational methods and their differencing schemes, grid generation ways and so on, the analytical solution is very useful also for the newly rapidly developing computational heat transfer.     

The v-v energy transfer of highly vibrationally excited states (I)

The relaxation of the highly vibrationally excited CO (v = 1–8) by CO₂ is studied by timeresolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy (TR FTIR). 193 nm laser photolysis of the mixture of CHBr₃ with O₂ generates the highly vibrationally excited CO(v) molecules. TR FTIR records the intense infrared emission of CO(v→v-1). The vibrational populations of each level of CO(v) have been determined by the method of spectral simulation. Based on the evolution of the time resolved populations and the differential method, 8 energy transfer rate constants of CO(v = 1–8) to CO₂ molecules areobtained: (5.7±0.1), (5.9±0.1), (5.2±0.2), (3.4±0.2), (2.4±0.3), (2.2±0.4), (2.0±0.4) and (1.8±0.6) (10¹⁴ cm³ · molecule⁻¹ · s⁻¹), respectively. A two-channel energy transfer model can explain the feature of the quenching of CO(v) by CO². For the lower vibrational states of CO, the vibrational energy transfers preferentially to the u³ mode of CO² For the higher levels, the major quenching channel changes to the vibrational energy exchange between CO(v→v-1) and the u¹ mode of CO².     

Leakage of mantle helium from the Liaodong Peninsula, China

The isotopic cumpositions of helium have been investigated in hot spring gases sampled from the Liaodong Peninsula. China. The³He/⁴He ratios range from 0.14 Ra (0.14 times the atmospheric³He/⁴He ratio of 1.40 × 10^-6 to 0.72 Ra.³He/⁴He versus⁴He/²⁰Ne ratios and He contents suggest that a small amount of mantle-derived helium reaches the earth’s surface. Helium iwtope ratios of the hot spring gases show a distribution pattern similar to the regional heat flow values, indicating that the positive thermal anomaly occurring in the rtrea is closely associated with the presence of mantle-derived helium. The observations described above provide some significant evidence that the molten magma originating from partial melting of the upper mantle may have intruded into the continental crust along the activity fault. The coupling of the presence of mantle He and heat flow anomalies to seismic activity in studied region seem to imply that there is an internal relationship between mantle degassing and seismic activity.     

The v-v energy transfer of highly vibrationally excited states (II)

The vibrational energy transfer from highly vibrationally excited CO to H₂O molecules is studied by time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy (TR FTIR). Following the 193 nm laser photolysis of CHBr₃ and O₂ the secondary reactions generate CO(v). The infrared emission of CO(v → v−1) is detected by TR FTIR. The excitation of H₂O molecules is not observed. By the method of the spectral simulation and the differential technique, 8 rate constants for CO(v)/H₂O system are obtained: (1.7 ±0.1), (3.4 ±0.2), (6.2 ±0.4), (8.0 ±1.0), (9.0 ±2.0), (12 ±3), (16 ±4) and (18 ±7) (10¹³cm³ · molecule^-1· s^-1). At least two reasons lead to the efficient energy transfer. One is the contributions of the rotational energy to the vibational energy defect and the other is the result of the complex collision. With the SSH andab initio calculations, the quenching mechanism of CO(v) by H₂O is suggested.     

Effect of lanthanum ions on tRNAphe structure: Imino proton NMR spectroscopy

The effect of lanthanum ions on the structural and conformational change of yeast tRNA Phe was studied by 1H NMR. The results suggest that the tertiary base pair (G-15)(C-48), which was located in the terminal in the augmented dihydrouridine helix (D-helix), was markedly affected by adding La 3+ and shifted 0.33 downfield. Based pair (U-8)(A-14), which is associated with a tertiary interaction, links the base of the acceptor stem to the D-stem and anchors the elbow of the L structure, shifted 0.20 upfield. Another imino proton that may be affected by La 3+ in tRNA Phe is the tertiary base pair (G-19)(C-56). The assignment of this resonance is tentative since it is located in the region of highly overlapping resonances between 12.6 and 12.2. This base pair helps to anchor the D-loop to the TΨC loop.     

形状误差的动态评定：逐次逼近规划方法的应用

本文讨论形状误差最小包容区域的判别方法。根据逐次逼近规则评定理论,将传统的静态评定方法发展为动态评定方法,给出形状误差最小条件的统一判别准则和计算设计方法。并以直线度误差评定为例,较为详细地介绍了欠逼近规划方法在形状误差中的应用,从而实现计算机的智能判别和仲裁。     

马尔柯夫链状预测的概率计算及拓广

提出了一种马尔柯夫链状预测中的概率计算新方法：状态划分矩阵法;具有模糊状态的马尔柯夫链的概率计算公式,并用实例计算作了说明。     

不可逆卡诺热机的火用损率优化

导出一类不可逆卡诺热机在给定功率下的最小火用损率,并作了分析和讨论．所得结论可为热机的优化设计和能量的合理利用等提供些新理论依据．     

红藻藻胆体内部蛋白间的能量传递研究 Ⅰ.人工合成R-PE/R-PC/APC复合物内的能量传递

研究了人工合成的藻胆体模拟复合物的时间分辨荧光光谱,并运用多指数拟合的方法对数据进行了详细的处理和分析,结果表明能量在Ｒ－ＰＥ和Ｒ－ＰＣ之间的传递时间与能量从Ｒ－ＰＣ传递到ＡＰＣ的时间几乎相等（５０ｐｓ）;除此之外,Ｒ－ＰＥ到ＡＰＣ还有两种能量传递的通道,能量在这两个通道的传递时间分别为１１０ｐｓ和４００ｐｓ．即：蛋白之间的能量传递通道是并行的．     

电站凝汽器汽相流动与传热特性的准三维数值分析

为了研究凝汽器流动与传热特性沿轴向的变化,文中发展出一个凝汽器汽相流动与传热特性的准三维数值计算方法,应用该方法对一大型凝汽器汽相流动与传热特性进行了数值模拟．计算结果表明,单流程凝汽器冷却水温度沿流向的变化对蒸汽流动与传热的三维特性会产生明显的影响．