Juvenile hormone titre and regulation in the cockroachDiploptera punctata

Summary Titres of juvenile hormone (JH) have been determined in both hemolymph and whole body extracts of femaleDiploptera punctata during the first gonotrophic cycle using a method employing gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for qualitative and quantitative analysis. JH III is the sole JH found in both adult and last instarD. punctata. Maximum values of 1500 ng/ml (6M) were observed at the middle of the gonotrophic cycle, when basal oocyte growth rate was greatest. Changes in rates of JH release in vitro by corpora allata paralleled closely the changes in JH titre, suggesting that biosynthesis is a major regulator of titre. JH levels per animal were calculated from observed JH titres, and at certain time points in the gonotrophic cycle JH levels obtained from analysis of whole bodies were significantly greater than those predicted from hemolymph titres. These results suggest the existence of a nonhemolymph JH pool inD. punctata. Decay in JH titre after allatectomy of 5 day females has also been studied. Following a rapid initial decline, the rate of decay slowed appreciably 4 h post-operation. Thus, use of a first-order rate constant to estimate half-life of JH significantly underestimated the longevity of the hormone. The apparent persistence of JH following allatectomy may be due to the existence of a nonhemolymph JH pool.     

Influence of bistramide A on the twitch tension in rat atrial heart muscle

Bistramide A, a new toxin isolated from the UrochordateLissoclinum bistratum Sluiter, was applied to rat auricular heart muscle bundles. At a stimulation frequency of 0.2 Hz, the toxin induces a dose-dependent reduction of the stimulated twitch tension force; it decreases and shortens the duration of the plateau and the slow repolarizing phase of the action potential. In the control solution, switching from a stimulation frequency of 0.2 Hz to 1 Hz decreases the force with which a positive potentiation develops either at a maintained high frequency or after switching from 1 Hz to 0.2 Hz. Bistramide A reduces both the force evoked at 1 Hz and the potentiation. The data suggest that Bistramide A blocks Na⁺ conductance; inhibits Ca⁺⁺ channels in a time-and frequency-dependent manner; reduces Na⁺–Ca⁺⁺ exchange activity; but does not modify the ability of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to be refilled although the rate of Ca⁺⁺ accumulation is decreased.     

一种改进的树形矢量量化编码算法

矢量量化中的一个最严重的问题是在一本码本中搜索最近码字的高计算复杂度。本文在研究树形矢量量化的基础上提出了一种改进的树形矢量量化编码算法。实验结果表明,本文提出的编码算法相对于树形矢量量化算法可大大改善峰值信噪比（ＰＳＮＲ）。     

L—统计量的非一致性收敛速度

本文研究了高阶矩条件下L—统计量的非一致性收敛速度,得到了与独立和类似的收敛速度。     

棉花黄萎病毒素在早期抗病性检测中的应用研究

用棉花黄萎病（Ｖ．ｄａｈｌｉａｅ）毒素,处理不同抗性品种二叶期幼苗,结果表明,黄萎病毒素对棉花幼苗有明显致萎作用,其萎蔫指数与田间病情指数呈显著正相关,同时发现黄萎病毒素对种子发芽也有明显的抑制作用     

财政收支的预测与控制

运用最优控制论的原理与方法讨论了财政收支的预测模型与控制模型,并应用于制定国民经济发展规划．     

不可逆卡诺热机的火用损率优化

导出一类不可逆卡诺热机在给定功率下的最小火用损率,并作了分析和讨论．所得结论可为热机的优化设计和能量的合理利用等提供些新理论依据．     

一种高质量的2 kb/s语言编码算法MWI

提出一种高质量的低速率语言编码算法ＭＷＩ,该算法对传统的波形插值算法ＷＩ进行了全面的改进。ＭＷＩ采用了一种更加合理的插值模型,包括统一的清音和浊音分析合成模型、新的典型波形的提取和表示方法,并且采用动态规划的算法增加基音周期估计的准确性。由于不依赖于准确的清浊音判别,ＭＷＩ具有更强的抗噪声能力。ＭＷＩ的参数设置也有利于更加有效的参数量化。随着编码速率的下降,ＭＷＩ的质量虽然呈下降的趋势,但在２ｋｂ／ｓ的速率下,它仍然能给出具有很高清晰度和自然度的合成语音。构造的完整的ＭＷＩ２ｋｂ／ｓ的声码器,具有很高的自然度和可懂度。     

小毛足鼠(Phodopus roborovskii)食性和食量的研究

小毛足鼠饲喂试验结果以及颊囊食物统计结果表明,该鼠在饲喂条件下食物资源利用谱相对较宽,但在野外条件下食物资源的利用主要以植物种子为主;并结合具体情况探讨了造成野外条件下该鼠食物资源利用范围趋于特化的原因．估算了小毛足鼠的采食效率为０．０７６％～０．１４％．在以上研究基础上,对小毛足鼠的危害与防治问题作了初步分析与说明     

旋转水流消能及其空化特性

研究了高水头（Ｈ〉２００ｍ）泄水建筑物隧洞内部消能的一种新型消能工,将竖井与隧洞切向连接,在隧洞内形式螺旋形的旋转水流,这种水流结构可消散水流中大部分能量,使流向下游的水流剩余能量较小,减轻下游的消能负担和减少下游冲刷。这种消能工的最基本的水流形态环流,在其固体边壁存在着较大的离心力,其中心为大气压,整个水流不会出现负压,流速迅速降低,空化特性较好,不会产生空化与空蚀。还分析了旋转水流的消能机理、