鹞落坪自然保护区文县疣螈的生境选择和食性分析

2007年4月～2009年8月对鹞落坪国家级自然保护区文县疣螈(Tylototriton wenx-ianensis)的分布状况进行了调查,并对其生境和食性进行了分析.结果表明,鹞落坪自然保护区内文县疣螈的分布呈"斑块化"和"破碎化"的特点,只在农茶、石屋冲、东冲和包家河4地发现有文县疣螈,平均种群密度为0.180只/m2,农茶最高(0.368只/m2),包家河只有零星分布.对海拔高度、水深、流速、基底类型、植被盖度、干扰距离等生境因子的选择具有较显著差异,较适合的生境为海拔高度1 100～1 400m区间,水深0.3～0.8m,沙石底质,流速小于0.5m/s,植被盖度60～80%的水潭或小溪.主要食饵为节肢动物,占73.0%,其次为环节动物,占23.5%,另有少量软体动物,捕食与生境选择存在一定关系.在分析了保护区影响文县疣螈生境主要因素的同时,提出了保护文县疣螈的措施与对策.     

国民锻炼行为对血压的影响模型构建

在前期研究的基础上构建国民锻炼行为对血压的理论影响模型,以2005年河北省国民体质监测的问卷数据和监测数据为研究对象,运用结构方程模型分析软件AMOS7.0对理论模型进行修正,构建出国民锻炼行为对血压的影响模型,并对模型分年龄组进行多群组分析。研究发现:国民锻炼行为对血压具有显著的影响作用,但是影响强度基本随年龄的增加呈下降趋势;锻炼频率对血压有显著的反方向影响,增加运动频率可以显著降低血压,并且随年龄越大,效果越显著;运动强度对血压有显著的正方向影响,针对高血压人群,应当安排低强度锻炼方法;坚持锻炼时长对血压有正方向影响,针对高血压人群应当安排周期性的,间歇性锻炼方法,才会有比较好的效果。     

大学生健康行为的调查分析

通过文献资料、问卷调查、访谈等方法,对我校大学生的睡眠状况、饮食习惯以及参加体育锻炼和抽烟喝酒等行为进行调查分析,结果显示,大部分学生在校期间都能保持良好的健康行为习惯,但也有部分学生还存在一些不健康的的生活方式.为了能更好地培养大学生健康的良好行为,笔者在调查分析的同时并针对所存在的问题提出一些可行性的建议,旨在为高校健康教育提供有效的科学依据.     

依据Bowen家庭系统理论探讨儿童运动习惯的养成

父母行为对儿童的运动习惯养成有很大的促进作用。依据家庭系统理论探讨了家庭互动对于儿童的影响。儿童的运动行为受父母影响较大,在运动参与的过程中,若能通过亲情互动关系而引起共同参与运动的兴趣,并通过代间传承过程,让运动习惯持续地在家庭成员间发生,而达到终身运动的目标。     

电阻式手写板采集静态签名笔迹特点的实证研究

目的探究电阻式手写板采集的静态签名对书写习惯及实时书写动作的反映情况。方法对多位书写者多次签名的物理留痕笔迹与数字墨水留痕笔迹、纸笔签名书写动作与手写板签名书写动作进行比较、分析。结果物理留痕笔迹与数字留痕笔迹在单字的一般和细节特征方面表现出差异;书写者在电阻式手写板上的签名书写动作与纸笔签名书写动作存在差异。结论电阻式手写板的规格尺寸、技术参数对书写动作习惯和实时书写动作的反映均造成影响,存在特征反映缺失或失真情况,若不对所用手写板技术参数及对其采集签名实验样本进行实证分析,将很难通过采集的静态笔迹追踪还原书写者真实的书写动作和习惯。     

网络环境下读者阅读习惯的改变及高职院校文献资源建设研究

阐述了网络环境下现代读者阅读习惯的改变,分析了数字化阅读的特点,提出了高职院校文献资源建设的思路。     

Habitat and diet of Bhutan takin Budorcas taxicolor whitei during summer in Jigme Dorji National Park,Bhutan

Little is known about the ecology of the rare and vulnerable Bhutan takin Budorcas taxicolor whitei, a large and basically forest-dwelling goat-antelope inhabiting mountain valleys in northern Bhutan. In Tsharijathang valley (3800 m asl) in Jigme Dorji National Park, we described the summer habitat of this takin subspecies through vegetation transects and by studying diet via microhistological analysis of faeces supplemented by examination of feeding sites. The habitats utilized by the c.250 animals occupying the valley consisted of six main vegetation types with roughly equal coverages, viz. three forest types (dominated by Juniperus, Betula or Abies), alpine scrub (mainly low Rhododendron shrubs), open alpine meadow (mainly graminoids and forbs) and semi-open willow shrub (mainly Salix and forbs). Sixty-eight food species were identified in the feeding sites, but the bulk of the diet consisted of ≈10 species, the same species that also dominated the faecal material. With >50% of the diet consisting of shrubs, mainly Salix myrtillacea, the takins were mainly browsers. When foraging, they exhibited a weak form of selection by choosing sites with a slightly higher coverage of the most important food species and, while at these, proportionally more feeding signs were recorded. Domestic yak Bos grunniens are allowed to graze in the study area during winter when the takins have descended to lower elevation. At the present grazing pressure, the wintering yaks probably benefit the takin by maintaining the open vegetation structure, but their numbers and impact on the habitat should be monitored to prevent adverse effects.     

西湖风俗刍议：以香市、放生、祈梦为例

在对西湖风俗史料全面回顾和梳理的基础上,就其中的“西湖香市”、“佛诞放生”、“于祠祈梦”三个个案进行初步解析,认为当前许多传统风俗正在发生一系列嬗变;在对传统风俗全面调查、深刻理解的前提下,积极稳妥地推进移风易俗,已经刻不容缓地提到了当前的议事日程上来。     

Sexual dimorphism,reproduction and diet of the casque-headed treefrog Itapotihyla langsdorffii (Hylidae: Lophiohylini)

Itapotihyla langsdorffii is a large “casque-headed” treefrog (Hylidae: Lophiohylini) found along most of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome. We studied some aspects of the ecology of a population of I. langsdorffii from the Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, in Espírito Santo State, southeastern Brazil. Itapotihyla langsdorffii shows considerable sexual size dimorphism, with females (mean snout-vent length 103 mm) being significantly larger than males (mean snout-vent length 81 mm). This species is an explosive breeder with a generalized reproductive mode and has a mean brood size of over 6000 eggs. It feeds on few, large prey, with orthopterans being the dominant items in the diet, though even smaller frogs may occasionally be preyed upon. We discuss our data, making comparisons with other Neotropical hylids, with emphasis on other species in the Tribe Lophiohylini.