Phylogeny and life habits of Early Arthropods-Predation in the Early Cambrian Sea

We investigated two new arthropods from the Maotianshan-Shale fauna of southern China in the course of our research on life strategies, particularly predation, in Early Cambrian marine macrofaunal biota. One form clearly belongs to the so-called "great-appendage" arthropods, animals that were, most likely, active predators catching prey with their first pair of large, specialized frontoventral appendages. Based on this, we hypothesize that the new species and many others, if not all, of the "great-appendage" arthropods were derivatives of the chelicerate stem lineage and not forms having branched off at different nodes along the evolutionary lineage of the Arthropoda. Rather, we consider the "great-appendage" arthropods as belonging to a monophyletic clade, which modified autapomorphically their first pair of appendages (antennae in general arthropod terminology) into raptorial organs for food capture. The second new form resembles another Maotianshan-Shale arthropod, Fuxianhuia protensa, in sharing a head made of only two separate segments, a small segment bearing oval eyes laterally, and another bearing a large tergite, which forms a wide shield freely overhanging the subsequent narrow trunk segments. This segment bears a single pair of rather short anteriorly directed uniramous appendages, considered as the "still" limb-shaped antennae. Particularly the evolutionary status of head and limbs of these two forms suggests that both are representatives of the early part of the stem lineage toward the crown-group of Arthropoda, the Euarthropoda. These forms appear rather unspecialized, but may have been but simple predators. This adds to our hypothesis that predation was a common, if not dominant feeding strategy in the Cambrian, at least for arthropods.     

虎纹蛙的食性与捕食行为的研究

通过养殖试验与野外观察相结合，研究了虎纹蛙（Hoplobatrachus rugulosa）的蝌蚪与成体的食性及捕食行为。结果表明，虎纹蛙是一种性凶猛的蛙类，喜食活的动物性食物，并具有互相残食的习性；在一定条件下，可取食不活动的食物；其捕食行为依蛙体与食物的相对位置而变化。     

跨文化交际中的文化语境对比分析

语境影响跨化交际，其中化语境又是重要的影响因素。良好的化语境理解促进跨化交际的顺利实现。在对语境理论探讨的基础上，通过对具体实例的理解和运用，对跨化交际中的语境现象进行了对比和分析。     

幼儿良好行为习惯的结构及问卷编制

为界定幼儿良好行为习惯的基本涵义和结构维度,按照心理测量学的要求编制幼儿良好行为习惯问卷,研究表明:幼儿良好行为习惯问卷由诚实做人、踏实做事、健康生活、自主学习4个分问卷组成.诚实做人维度包含诚实守信、文明礼貌2个因子,踏实做事维度包含认真守序和团结互助2个因子,健康生活维度包含珍爱生命和讲究卫生2个因子,自主学习维度包含勤学好问和专注坚持2个因子.依据幼儿良好行为习惯结构编制的幼儿良好习惯的他评问卷共计30题,具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为幼儿良好行为习惯的测量工具,供家长和教师使用.     

黄颡鱼生物学特性初步研究

在水泥方池内 ,采用多种饲料对黄颡鱼进行小规模饲养 ,对其外部形态、内部构造、生活习性、食性、生长与繁殖等进行研究 ,并对其进行了人工催情试验。结果表明 :黄颡鱼为偏肉食性的杂食性动物 ,食谱广泛。人工条件下 ,黄颡鱼的繁殖习性可随环境的变化而改变。     

几种啮齿动物食性比较研究

采用笼养饲喂法,野外个体颊囊内含物统计法和胃内含物分析法３种方法,于１９９７年对内蒙古鄂尔多斯沙地中的４种主要啮齿动物（小毛足鼠Ｐｈｏｄｏｐｕｓ ｒｏｂｏｒｏｖｓｋｉｉ、三跳跳鼠Ｄｉｐｕｓ ｓａｇｉｔｔａ、子午沙鼠Ｍｅｒｉｏｎｅｓ ｍｅｒｉｄｉａｎｕｓ和黑线仓鼠Ｃｒｉｃｅｔｕｌｕｓ ｂａｒａｂｅｎｓｉｓ）的食性进行了研究。３种方法得出的结果基本一致,从胃内含物和颊囊内含物分析结果看,小毛足鼠和黑线     

木里齿突蟾的生活环境及习性初步观察

报道了木里齿突蟾的主要生活环境、生活习性、繁殖习性以及越冬初期的情况 可供研究此蟾的个体生态学 ,齿突蟾类的比较生物学 ,以及物种多样性、野生动物、自然环境等部门参考     

创新与传统的碰撞及调适——试谈《婚姻法司法解释三》的创新与不足

《婚姻法司法解释三》的出台在社会上引起广泛争议。人们在称赞其创新点的同时也对解释三过于强调个人自由平等主义表示不解。特别是在广大农村地区,村民受传统＂男主外,女主内＂观念的影响深刻,难免与新出台的司法解释产生碰撞。司法解释忽视了深嵌在百姓心中的传统家庭观念是产生碰撞的根本原因。而如何在创新和传统之间寻求调适路径就成为我们必须要面对和解决的问题。     

Feeding habits of the endemic tropical parthenogenetic lizard Cnemidophorus nativo (Teiidae) in a restinga area of northeastern Brazil

The population of Cnemidophorus nativo in the restinga of Guaratiba, Bahia State, Brazil, is carnivorous with a diet consisting predominantly of insect larvae and termites, which is similar to that of other cnemidophorines. The absence of seasonal variation in diet may be a consequence of the availability of termites throughout the year. The small size of the termites and the ease with which both juveniles and adults eat larvae independent of their length were probably the cause of the poor relationship between lizard body measurements and mean number and volume of prey consumed.     

军校学员英语学习习惯与效率的相关性探索

通过对军校学员英语学习习惯进行调查分析,发现学员们在英语学习中表现出的种种习惯差异,后将此差异与他们英语学习的效率进行对比,得出某些英语学习习惯与学习效率之间存在着很强的正相关,而某些习惯与学习效率形成弱相关。因此,教员可在英语教学实践中及时提醒学员改掉不良的英语学习习惯和嗜好,教学管理部门、学员队应该尽可能给学员更多的自主支配时间,并提供更便利的自主学习条件,增强其自制力,鼓励其英语学习朝着个性化的方向发展,提高学习效率。