白腹锦鸡雌鸟繁殖期的活动区和栖息地选择

2006年3-9月,利用无线电遥测技术和系统搜索法对四川省石棉县栗子坪自然保护区白腹锦鸡雌鸟的繁殖期活动区和栖息地选择进行了研究.对遥测时间超过4个月的3只雌性个体的研究表明:白腹锦鸡雌鸟的繁殖期活动区面积为(31.16±26.02) hm2,核心区面积为(10.06±8.47) hm2;繁殖鸟的活动区在产卵前后有明显变化,算术中心距离超过300 m,未繁殖鸟不明显.白腹锦鸡雌鸟主要选择较稀疏、稍矮、盖度较大、倒木数少的乔木环境和较密而盖度较大的灌木、草本植物的环境.     

水泥基复合材料湿度扩散特性细观数值模拟研究

运用Weibull统计分布方法描述材料的非均匀性,并结合质量扩散与统计分布理论建立了水泥基复合材料湿度扩散的细观数值模型.对水泥基复合材料内湿度变化规律的数值模拟研究表明：砂浆的湿度场不仅受温度的影响,还受到湿度本身的影响,湿度和温度的升高对湿度的扩散具有加速作用.砂浆的细观非均匀性对湿度扩散影响显著.试样的均匀程度越低,其内包含的孔隙就越多,这有利于湿度的扩散;反之,如果试样的均匀程度越高,则越不利于湿度的扩散.砂浆试样的宏观有效湿度扩散系数随Weibull分布函数中均质度系数的增加呈负指数衰减趋势.在混凝土中,骨料颗粒占有较高的体积分数,而其湿度扩散性能却较低,这在一定程度上降低了混凝土的宏观湿度扩散性能.研究结果表明,混凝土的湿度扩散系数随其骨料含量增加基本呈线性递减变化关系.     

Habitat-induced reciprocal transformation in the root phenotype of Oriental ginseng is associated with alteration in DNA methylation

Oriental ginseng is an important medicinal plant that grows in 2 major forms or ecotypes, wild and domesticated. Each form differs conspicuously in root phenotype, but can be converted from one type to another by habitat. Here we show that the habitat-induced transformation of ginseng root phenotype was accompanied by alteration in cytosine methylation at a large number of 5′-CCGG-3′ sites detected by the methylation-sensitive polymorphism (MSAP) marker. The collective CG and CHG methylation levels of all 4 landraces of the domesticated form were significantly lower than those of the wild form. Interestingly, artificially transplanted ginseng plants recreated in both directions the methylation levels (at least in CHG) of their natural counterparts. The methylation differences between the 2 ginseng ecotypes were validated at 2 isolated MSAP loci bearing homology to a 5S rRNA gene or a copia retrotransposon. Our results implicate a link between epigenetic variation and habitat-induced phenotypic flexibility in Oriental ginseng.     

Compact fiber-optic diode-laser sensor system for wide-dynamic-range relative humidity measurement

A compact fiber-optic diode-laser sensor system for measuring relative humidity is studied. In such a system, a distributed feedback laser lasing near 1877 nm is used as light source while a high-precision Pt resistance as temperature sensor, an accuracy of 0.1% relative-humidity can be achieved. The laser sensor system is able to lock to the absorption peak and calculate the density of water vapor without any additional reference measurements. Using programs built in to the microcontroller unit, the laser system can switch functions between direct measurement at high density and second-harmonic detection at low density. The system can switch between the two modes automatically and work in a wide dynamic range.     

冬季工况下溶液再生器性能的实验研究

针对溶液再生器冬季工况下的性能数据缺少问题,搭建了冬季工况下再生器性能实验台,实验研究了再生溶液为LiCl溶液时空气入口温度、空气入口含湿量、空气流量以及溶液入口温度、溶液入口浓度、溶液流量对再生器性能的影响,采用再生量和再生效率为评价再生器性能的指标.结果表明:在本实验的工况范围内,增大溶液流量,能够提高再生量和再生...     

广西元宝山自然保护区黑熊春季觅食生境特征

在广西元宝山自然保护区野外设置了82个20 m×20 m样方,初步分析黑熊春季觅食地生境特征,对16个生态因子进行主成分分析和单因子适合度检验。结果表明：黑熊觅食地生境特征的主要影响因子为水源距离、海拔和灌木密度;次要因子为食物丰富度因子(树径、乔木密度、乔木距离、灌木距离)、地理性因子(坡向、坡位、坡度)、干扰性因子(树桩密度、树桩距离、倒木距离、人为干扰距离)和微生境因子(避风性、郁闭度)。对黑熊的生境喜好程度分析发现：水源丰富、一定海拔、避风性适中、植物茂盛(乔木密度、灌木密度、乔木距离、灌木距离)、坡向向阳、郁闭度好(30 %～80 %)、坡度较大的山嵴和山坡位为其最适生境。由于人类活动增加,干扰因子(树桩密度、树桩距离、倒木距离、人为干扰距离)成为影响黑熊生境选择的重要因素。     

陕西黄龙山自然保护区褐马鸡秋季觅食地选择

2006年10～11月,在陕西黄龙山自然保护区对褐马鸡觅食地选择进行研究.分析表明:褐马鸡喜欢生活在针阔混交林;海拔1 200～1 400 m;小于10°的平缓坡;中坡位;山沟;乔木盖度50%～80%,乔木高度小于10 m,乔木密度小于0.10个/m2;灌丛盖度小于30%,灌丛高度大于1.5 m,灌丛密度小于1个/m2;草本盖度小于30%,草本高度小于16 cm;隐蔽级小于10%;水源距离小于300 m;林边距离小于100 m;人为干扰距离100～300 m的环境.主成分分析表明,褐马鸡觅食地选择的主要因子有4种,依次为:地形及草本植物因子(海拔、地理性、坡位、草本盖度和高度)、隐蔽因子(灌丛盖度、密度和高度以及隐蔽级)、干扰因子(水源距离、人为干扰距离、林边距离和植被类型)、食物因子(乔木直径、高度、密度和盖度).     

浅谈建筑外墙涂料的质量控制

任何不符合质量要求的产品，都势必影响整个建筑物的质量。为此，从最基础的原材料把关入手，注重操作工序质量的改进和提高，是文章阐述的特征。对施工过程中容易出现的质量问题和一些不正确的做法及表现做简要分析，并按照现行标准及规范，结合本地区的特点，提出预防及改进措施。     

Factors influencing anuran distribution in coastal dune wetlands in southern Brazil

We investigated the potential role of hydroperiod and habitat structural complexity as explanatory factors defining richness, abundance and spatial and temporal distribution of anurans in wetlands of coastal dunes. This survey was performed in 15 wetlands along the Atlantic coastal zone of southern Brazil. We identified 10 anuran species (nine in the adult and eight in the tadpole stage) distributed in seven genera from five families. The adult richness and abundance varied among the hydroperiod classes, but without temporal variations. Both tadpole richness and abundance varied temporally and both were influenced by hydroperiod. Adult anuran composition was associated with dry months and wetland area, whereas tadpole composition was associated with emergent and floating macrophytes, wetland area and vegetation cover. This study identified the importance of habitat structural complexity and hydroperiod in spatial–temporal distribution models of anurans.     

阴离子聚合物制备及其在湿敏元件方面的应用

通过自由基溶液聚合制得丙烯酸（ＡＡ）－丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ共聚物（Ｐ（Ａ—ＢＡ）），利用ＬＩＯＨ溶液中和制得中和度为的％的阴离子聚合物（Ｐ（Ａ—ＢＡ—Ｌｉ））。用此离聚物为主要湿敏材料制作出具有良好耐水性的湿敏元件。当相对湿度（ＲＨ）大于４０％时，该元件阻抗的对数与相对湿度成线性关系；ＲＨ由４３％提高到９７％时，元件阻抗的变化值达３个数量级，吸湿响应时间≤１０秒。