生物工程与作物病虫害防治

针对农作物病虫害的影响,提出运用基因工程培育彩色抗虫棉、将动物基因导入植物去除放射性及重金属污染、运用花粉管道技术攻克棉花“癌症”、育成能表达两种外源基因抗病虫害木薯以及对玉米螟虫有强毒杀作用的蛋白质等新技术,可以防治作物病虫害侵入。     

利用生物信息学资源设计简并引物

根据已知序列设计简并引物以分离基因家族内的其他新成员，是发现新基因的一条捷径．介绍了利用生物信息学资源设计简并引物的各个步骤：利用在线服务滚动式搜索家族所有成员序列；对家族成员序列进行多序列对比；确定合适的保守区域；利用专业软件设计引物；并对引物进行修饰等。     

植物基因的化学诱导表达系统研究进展

激活基因表达或使基因表达失活的化学诱导系统在确定基因功能及植物生物技术中有许多潜在的应用。基因表达的精确调控是化学诱导系统的重要方面。综述了植物基因的化学诱导表达系统的种类以及最新应用,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

CTLA4Ig真核表达质粒及穿梭质粒的构建

以表达人CTLA4Ig(hCTLA4Ig)的原核质粒为基础,采用限制性DNA内切酶,DNA连接酶等基因重组技术,构建了能表达该蛋白的真核质粒,ELISA法检出了受转染的真核细胞培养上清液中的蛋白表达.在此基础上构建了含hCTLA4Ig的穿梭质粒.     

1株碱杆菌属菌株的分离和鉴定

 从新疆采集的盐土样品中分离到1株革兰氏阳性、严格好氧、产孢、嗜盐细菌菌株YIM 012,对其进行了系统分类学研究.菌株YIM 012为杆菌,生长最适温度为28~45℃,最适pH 7.0~8.0,并能在70~250g/L的盐质量浓度中生长良好.其DNA的G+C的摩尔分数为39%,16S rRNA基因序列分析结果显示,该菌株与碱杆菌属Alkalibacillus salilacus(DSM 16460^T)亲缘关系最近,相似性达到99.6%,但与同属其它2个有效种间相似性低于96%.杂交结果显示其与A. salilacus亲缘关系低于20%,并且在生理生化方面也有差异.综合分析,确定该菌株为碱杆菌属的1个新种,将其命名为嗜盐碱杆菌(Alkalibacillus halophilus).     

Transgene for growth hormone in common carp（Cyprinus carpio L.） promotes thymus development

The transgenic carp were produced by micro-injection of CAgcGHc into the fertilized eggs. Observation of the thymus development between the transgenics and non- transgenic controls was carried out. The thymus of one-year- old transgenics F1 showed a great increase in both size and weight. The unilateral thymus of the transgenics weighed from 190 to 295 mg with average 218.6 mg, whereas the uni-lateral thymus of the controls weighed 20—81 mg with av-erage 42.5 mg; i.e. the thymus weight in the transgenics was 5.14 fold over that in the controls. The index of thymus/body weight in the transgenics was 2.97 fold over the controls. Light microscopy observation indicated that the thymus of the transgenics well developed with the thickened outer re-gion and compactly arranged thymocytes, while the thymus in the controls were degenerating with the thinned outer region, scattered thymocytes and groups of fatty cells. Fur-ther analysis with the electron microscopy revealed that pro-liferous cells in the transgenics were mainly small lympho-cytes and no pathological changes were found. The results confirmed that the 揂ll-fish?GH-transgene promotes thy-mus development and thymocyte proliferation, and retards thymus degeneration. The study has laid a foundation for further analysis of the immunobiological function in GH- transgenic carp.     

Functional analysis of the larval serum protein gene promoter from silkworm <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bombyx mori.</Emphasis>

The regulation region of larval serum protein gene, Bombyx mori. (BmLSP), consisting of the first intron, the first exon, the central promoter region and 5′-upstream region, is cloned from genomic DNA from the silkworm va-riety of Suju譓inghu. Using PCR and restriction endonu-clease methods, a series of luciferase reporter plasmids, driven by different length of BmLSP promoters, are con-structed. Via the transient expression system in BmN cells, the effects of the regulation elements and foreign insect hor-mones on the BmLSP promoter activity are investigated. The results demonstrate that the promoter activity of BmLSP is 5.8- or 4.4-fold higher than that of BmLSPs whose first in-tron or the element in 5′-upstream region harboring the homologous sequence with the first intron of light-chain fib-roin gene (EHIF) is deleted, respectively, suggesting that both the first intron and EHIF contain the main positive cis-acting elements. However, the inactive mariner transposable ele-ment (MTE) in 5′-upstream region presents a negative effect. Furthermore, the effects of juvenile hormone analogue (JHA) on the BmLSP promoter activity show a typical dose-dependent manner, that is, low concentration treat-ments increase the BmLSP promoter activity and high con-centration treatments decrease it. Meanwhile, insect ecdy-sone (MH) treatments present no significant effect.     

Fertility analysis of the Arabidopsis transformed with antisense rice osRACD gene

The full length osRACD cDNA sequence was subcloned into the pBI121 plasmid in the antisense orientation under the control of the CaMV35S promoter to construct the expression vector pBID, and the constructs were introduced into Arabidopsis plants by using the vacuum infiltration method. The siliques of the transformants stopped growing after anthesis, and they turned yellow or died later; and the siliques from the control plants transformed by the pBI continued growing after anthesis and matured normally. In vitro pollen germination demonstrated that the growth and elongation process of the pollens of the transgenic plants was inhibited, the pollen tubes were shorter and slightly fatter than the tubes of the control plants, which grew normally with long cyclindrical tubes. The above results suggest the function of osRACD gene involved in regulation of the growth and elongation process of pollen tube, its encoding protein may be one of the important factors in regulation of fertility transition of the photoperiod-sensitive genic male-sterile rice Nongken 58S.