Energy flow and community structure in freshwater ecosystems

The goal of this article is twofold: 1) It aims at providing an overview on some major results obtained from energy flow studies in individuals, populations, and communities, and 2) it will also focus on major mechanisms explaining community structures. The basis for any biological community to survive and establish a certain population density is on the one hand energy fixation by primary producers together with adequate nutrient supply and the transfer of energy between trophic levels (bottom-up effect). On the other hand, predator pressures may strongly control prey population densities one or more trophic levels below (top-down effect). Other interpopulation effects include competition, chemical interactions and evolutionary genetic processes, which further interact and result in the specific structuring of any community with respect to species composition and population sizes.     

东平湖轮虫群落与水质评价

报道了东平湖轮虫群落结构特征及数量的季节变动,并依据调查结果,采用“指示生物法”“生物指数法”和“Ｒ．Ｍａｒｇａｌｅｆ多样性指数法”评价该糊水质状况及营养化程度,研究表明,轮虫对水体污染具有较好的指示作用,东平湖水质属于寡污－β中污至β中污型,且各采样站水质污染程度有的差别。     

温州的垂直绿化植物资源

攀援植物具有生长迅速,又易于栽培管理等特点,是城镇进行垂直绿化的优质材料,可美化环境,改善小气候．据调查统计,温州地区有攀援植物40科235种（变种）左右．这些资源可用于墙面、棚架、栅栏等的绿化,但目前这类资源的利用还很低,尚有许多优良的攀援植物有待进一步开发利用．     

云南楚雄市鸟类多样性的研究

对楚雄市鸟类栖息环境：即城市市区,城市绿化区,工矿区,农田耕作区,自然保护区的调查,共记录鸟类７２种,隶属于１３目２６科,总计１１４２只个体,并运用物种多样性测定法（Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎｗｅａｖｅｒ指数和Ｓｉｍｐｓｎ指数）评价各环境中鸟类多样性,讨论了有关鸟类物种多样性与栖息环境的关系及其与人类活动干扰程度的关系．     

大亚湾核电站邻近水域浮游纤毛虫群落结构

应用蛋白银染色法及沉淀法分别对采自大亚湾水域的浮游纤毛虫进行了定性和定量分析．根据各样点浮游纤毛虫群落的结构参数确定了该水域浮游纤毛虫群落有以下特点：群落的种类数从９～２９种不等,密度从２０００～１３４００ｉｎｄ／Ｌ;群落的优势种为腹羽急游虫（Ｓｔｒｏｍ－ｂｉｄｉｕｍｖｅｎｔｒｏｐｉｎｎｕｍ）和球形急游虫（Ｓｔｒｏｍｂｉｄｉｕｍｓｔｒｏｂｉｌａ）;群落的生物多样性指数为２．７１３２～４．２３３９．并结合采样点的位置分析了大亚湾核电站冷却水对浮游纤毛虫群落的影响．     

花旗竿属(Dontostemon)植物的区系地理成分及其生态地理分布规律的分析

依据植物标本及有关文献资料,绘制了花旗竿属各个种的分布区图,从而确定了每个种的区系地理成分和该属的多度中心,同时对该属植物的生态地理分布规律做了研究     

贺兰山苔藓植物物种多样性,生物量及生态学作用的研究

研究了贺兰山不同海拔高度主要林型种苔藓植物物种多样性,生物量和生态学作用,结果表明,云杉林下藓类地层的生物量最高,９１４７．７ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,是林灌木和草本植物总生物量的９．２倍,在饱和吸水状态下,可贮存水２０１７４．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,通过随机取样按海拔高度,林型和土壤类型等梯度对贺兰苔藓植物被进行了调查,影响苔藓植物生长和分布的主要生态因子是光照,相对湿度,海拔高度和土壤ｐＨ对出现在群落中包拓苔     

不同去叶强度对羊草群落特征影响的研究

通过３０％,５０％,６０％,８０％去叶强度的试验研究,表明：７月份,不同去叶强度下群落的地上部生物量没有明显差异,８月份,３０％,５０％,６０％的去叶处理,也没有明显差异,但８０％处理的生物量却明显减少,９月份,各处理间地上部生物量差异很大,６０％和８０％的处理,生物量均低于３０％和５０％的处理７－９月份,随着去叶强度的增大,群落去叶的总收获量增加,枯落物的积累量逐渐减少,１０月份,５０％,６０％     

区域生态环境评价中的几个理论问题

提出区域生态环境评价应包括自然生态环境评价与社会生态环境评价,建立了新的评价系统。分析了宏观评价区域生态环境的简明方法——主导因子法,并讨论了主导因子法的应用和研制区域可持续发展目标应注意的问题。从理论上和方法上为研究区域生态环境提出一些新的认识。     

Ecological long-term effects of cultigens becoming feral and of naturalization of non-native species

Transgenic cultigens may become feral as we know of some non-transgenic cultigens. The article explains two basic ways how cultigens become feral: through hybridization with a closely related wild plant and through revert to the wild-type. A long list of examples of cultigens becoming feral in Central Europe is presented. The process of becoming feral is compared to the naturalization of non-native species (Exotic Species Model). Ecological long-term effects of both cultigens becoming feral and non-native species being naturalized are discussed with special regard to the predictability of such events. The ecological aspects discussed in the article are as significant for transgenic cultigens as for non-transgenic cultigens.