石墨烯中的电子光学

从原理和应用两个方面阐述了石墨烯中电子光学研究的进展,介绍了石墨烯的电子能带结构和量子力学对它的理论描述,分析了电势和磁势对电子束传输的影响,探讨了负折射效应以及利用该效应设计的电子透镜,讨论了电子在石墨烯界面全反射时产生的Goos-Hnchen效应和石墨烯电子波导的构建方案,最后说明了电子光学其他方面的应用.     

Carbon-nitrogen/graphene composite as metal-free electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction

Sheet-like carbon-nitrogen (CNx)/graphene composites with a high content of nitrogen (x≤0.15) was prepared by the carbonization of polypyrrole (PPy)/reduced-graphene-oxide (rGO) composite at 600-800°C. We used rGO instead of graphene oxide (GO) sheets as a template and a substrate to immobilize PPy since the PPy/GO composite agglomerates easily because of the dehydration of excess oxygen-containing groups on the GO sheets during the drying process. The dried PPy/rGO intermediate and its derived CNx/graphene products retain their high dispersion and loose-powder features. The as-prepared CNx/graphene composites have a total nitrogen content of about 10 at% and their nitrogen state is mainly of pyridinic and graphitic type. CNx/graphene composites exhibit excellent performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in terms of electrocatalytic activity, stability and immunity towards methanol crossover and CO poisoning, suggesting their potential as metal-free electrocatalysts for the ORR.     

Carbon-nitrogen/graphene composite as metal-free electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction

Sheet-like carbon-nitrogen (CNx)/graphene composites with a high content of nitrogen (x≤0.15) was prepared by the carbonization of polypyrrole (PPy)/reduced-graphene-oxide (rGO) composite at 600-800°C. We used rGO instead of graphene oxide (GO) sheets as a template and a substrate to immobilize PPy since the PPy/GO composite agglomerates easily because of the dehydration of excess oxygen-containing groups on the GO sheets during the drying process. The dried PPy/rGO intermediate and its derived CNx/graphene...     

功能化石墨烯在生物医学研究中的应用

石墨烯以其独特的二维结构和优良的电学、光学、热学和机械性能,自2004年来倍受研究人员的高度关注,迅速成为材料、化学、物理和医学领域的热点研究课题.在简要介绍石墨烯基本情况的基础上,重点阐述了石墨烯在生物传感器、靶向给药中的应用.     

用于检测六价铬的二氧化钛-石墨烯复合电化学传感器

六价铬 (Cr(VI)) 化合物可用于各种行业,但具有毒性和致癌性。本文使用二氧化钛 (TiO-₂) -还原氧化石墨烯 (rGO) 复合材料作为传感元件,制造了一种用于测定 Cr(VI) 的电流传感器。该复合材料是按照溶胶?凝胶化学合成的,产生尺寸约为 50 nm 的 TiO₂ 纳米颗粒,固定在化学剥离的 rGO 片材上。该复合材料用于三电极电化学电池并以电流模式运行,对 50?500 ppb Cr(VI) 表现出良好的响应。对 pH 3 Mcilvane 缓冲介质的最佳结果显示灵敏度为 9.12 × 10?4 ppb?1,检测限为 6 ppb,200 ppm Ca(II)、150 ppm Mg(II) 和 50 ppb Pb(II) 没有信号干扰。TiO₂-rGO 传感器的优异结果可归因于TiO₂和 rGO 之间的协同效应,这是由于 n-p 异质结的存在和 rGO 上TiO₂ 纳米颗粒的形成。     

Scalable synthesis and electrochemical performance of mesoporous graphene from calcium carbonate by magnesiothermic reaction

A novel scalable synthetic method of mesoporous graphene has been developed using the compressed mixture of Mg and excess CaCO₃ in a closed container. The generated solid oxide and unreacted CaCO₃ could act as mesopore-forming agents, and the closed container could prevent the carbon dioxide from CaCO₃ flow away. As a result, the graphenes with a large number of 2–30 ?nm mesopores and high utilization ratio of Mg achieved. The graphenes had high specific surface area and excellent electrochemical performance. In particular, the Mg utilization ratio was up to 53.3% in the preparation of graphene using 2:1 CaCO₃/Mg at 700 ?°C, which is superior to previous researches. The obtained mesoporous graphene exhibited high specific surface area of 743.7 ?m² ?g^-1, large specific capacitance of 140 ?F ?g^-1, and high capacitance retention rate of 64.3%.     

Zigzag电极Armchair边缘石墨烯纳米带电子输运研究

利用基于密度泛函的非平衡格林函数方法,对Zigzag电极Armchair边缘的石墨烯纳米带的电子输运、态密度和V-I特性进行了理论计算,研究发现这一结构的纳米石墨烯带具有明显的半导体特征,其态密度与电子传输谱间具有较好的对应关系,电子传输谱与电子入射能量密切相关,并显现能级量子化和电子输运过程中的库仑阻塞特性.     

氧化石墨烯-硫堇及纳米金修饰玻碳电极电流型葡萄糖生物传感器的研究

以玻碳电极为基底,在电极表面修饰一层氧化石墨烯-硫堇(GO -Th)薄膜,通过层层自组装方式,将纳米金和葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)固定在玻碳电极表面,制得一种新型电流型葡萄糖生物传感器.在优化的实验条件下,该生物传感器对葡萄糖的线性响应范围为1.0×10-9 ～5.7×10-5 mol·L-1,检测下限为5.0×10-10...     

石墨烯基银抗菌材料的制备方法及抗菌机理研究

阐述了石墨烯基银抗菌材料的最新研究进展,主要包括石墨烯基银抗菌材料的制备方法及其抗菌机理研究.在石墨烯基银抗菌材料的应用方面,展望了该类复合材料的发展趋势.     

霍尔效应与新材料的发展

介绍了经典霍尔效应、量子霍尔效应和反常量子霍尔效应,以及在石墨烯、拓扑绝缘体等纳米新材料发展过程中的应用.