Regulation of the retinal interphotoreceptor matrix Na by the retinal pigment epithelium during the light response

We examined the rabbit retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) for Na transport properties which would allow it to buffer undesirable changes in Na concentrations in the interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM) during light and dark cycles. The RPE is selectivity permeable to sodium. Open and short circuit transport studies with RPE indicate a circulating (choroid to retina and back) Na current which does not compromise the electrical integrity of the blood brain barrier but together with the Na permeselectivity is of sufficient magnitude to buffer both upwards and downwards movements of IPM [Na] during light or dark responses.     

鳄蜥皮肤光镜与扫描电镜观察

光镜观察，鳄蜥皮肤由深层到表面，依次是生发层、中间层、α角质层、β角质层和角皮层。扫描电镜３５００倍观察，皮肤鳞片角皮层具有小刺和小窝的细微结构，小刺长８２．４μｍ，基部直径为９．１２μｍ；２０００倍观察另一小刺长１４．６μｍ，基部直径为２．７μｍ，小窝直径为１６μｍ，小刺和窝在角皮层上是零星分布。     

粘质赛氏杆菌色素的研究

用有机溶剂从粘质赛氏杆菌(Serratia marcescens Bizio)中分离纯化出一种红色素。该色素经紫外光谱、红外光谱、元素分析及其它测试,表明其为含羧基的共轭多烯烃化合物,属于类胡萝卜素色素,化学式为C_(20)H_(32)O_2。它微溶于水,易溶于醇、醚等有机溶剂,对热稳定,对光敏感。金属离子、防腐剂对它无不良影响。     

葡萄色素的稳定性与辅色作用研究

本文研究了葡萄色素在磷酸氢二钠—柠檬酸缓冲体系中（ｐＨ３．０）对光、热和氧化剂的稳定性以及Ｌ—Ｈｉｓ、Ｌ—Ａｒｇ、Ｌ—Ｐｒｏ、鞣酸、环糊精、咖啡因等对其稳定性的影响．     

~3H-氮酮的合成及小白鼠的实验研究

氮酮是一种新型皮肤渗透促进剂,用2,3-~3H-环己-1-酮经化学合成制备了它的氚标记物——~3H-氮酮。氚的分布为4,5,6位占95％,3,7和12′位占5％,其放射性比度和放化纯度分别为1.5×10~3GBq/mmol和95％。~3H-氮酮在正常小白鼠皮肤表面上涂药后,3h血液中放射性达最高峰,在各组织中分布是肌肉最多,其次为肝脏、肾脏和脾脏。     

红曲黄色素的热稳定性

用紫外-可见光分光光度法、红外光谱法、质子核磁共振波谱法和热分析法研究了红曲黄色素的热稳定性。结果表明,红曲黄色素于120℃下短时间内比较稳定,在100℃以下可长时间稳定。热过程有可能破坏红曲黄色素分子结构中的不饱和酮共轭体系。     

新型无机颜料的研制与应用

YP为黄色的新型无机顏料,它是以天然的白云石—凹凸棒矿为主要原料,经过化学处理而制成,其近似化学式为[mCaMg(CO_3)_2·n SiO_2]xNa_2 Sy。GP为绿色的新型无机颜料,是在YP黄色颜料的基础上进一步加工制得。新型无机颜料具有无毒、色泽鲜艳、较好的耐热性、耐侯性和优良的化学稳定性,工艺简单,能耗少,三度能达标,原料成本低廉和易于投产等优点。YP、GP系列新型无机颜料在塑料、造低、橡胶、建筑涂料和美术颜料等方面试用已收到很好的应用效果,在部分领域可代替铅铬黄和铬绿使用,预期今后推广使用将有较大的经济效益和社会效益。     

红曲霉产生的生理活性物质的研究──Ⅱ．红曲霉菌株产生麦角固醇的研究

红曲霉Ｍｏｎａｓｃｕｓｐｕｒｐｕｒｅｕｓ７２１菌株不仅能产生红曲色素，而且还能产生麦角固醇。在１００ｇ干菌体中可获１ｇ以上麦角固醇。该菌株以大米粉培养基培养最适宜，发酵周期为９６ｈ，产生的麦角固醇最高吸收值为２８１ｎｍ，产生的红曲色素平均色价约为８０。     

In vitro development ofXenopus skin glands producing 5-hydroxytryptamine and caerulein

The granular glands of amphibian skin synthesize and store a large amount of bioactive amines and peptides which are structurally similar to mammalian brain-gut peptides. To investigate the development of peptide- and amine-producing cells in the granular glands, pieces of dorsal skin taken at various stages fromXenopus laevis tadpoles were cultured, and the contents of caerulein and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were measured. When pieces of skin from tadpoles at stages 57 to 60 (Nieuwkoop and Faber stages) were cultured in a medium containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS medium) or one containing FCS treated with charcoal (chFCS medium), the caerulein and 5-HT levels were increased for the six days of the incubation period. The caerulein content was lower in the chFCS medium than in the FCS medium. Addition of thyroxine to the chFCS medium had no significant effect on the caerulein content. These results show that the caerulein-and 5-HT-producing cells of the granular glands can develop in a culture system with FCS- or chFCS-containing media, and suggest that FCS contains substances which are absorbed by charcoal and stimulate development of the amine- and peptideproducing cells of the glands. In a preliminary search for correlation between caerulein and 5-HT synthesis, addition of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), a precursor to 5-HT, to the FCS medium increased 5-HT content and, conversely, caused significant decrease in caerulein content, suggesting that accumulation of caerulein in the granular glands is influenced by the amount of 5-HT synthesis. These studies indicate that this culture system is a useful model for investigating the development of peptide- and amine-producing cells.     

山楂罐头褪色因素与护色研究

分析了影响山楂罐头褪色的一些因素，指出罐头果皮中红色褪去的主要原因是由于罐头在加工和贮藏过程中山楂红色素溶解出来造成的。在此基础上研究了山楂罐头护色的方法，并取得了一定的效果。