论豫南信阳群龟山组糜棱岩带母岩的递进变质作用

以弱变形的变质岩和糜棱岩中呈构造残斑形式存在的特征变质矿物及其矿物组合为基础,在研究区划分出十字石-蓝晶石带和矽线石带。从而揭示出研究区在糜棱岩化以前曾经历过角闪岩相的变质作用历史。利用各种方法估算出角闪岩相变质作用的温压条件为:500～640℃,0.3～0.5GPa。     

An in situ zircon Hf isotopic,U-Pb age and trace element study of banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt： Tracking the early evolution of the lower crust in the North China craton

Backscattered electron images, in situ Hf isotopes, U-Pb ages and trace elements of zircons in a banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt have been studied. The results show that the banded granulite is a sample derived from the early lower crust of the North China craton. It is difficult to explain the petrogenesis of the xenolith with a single process. Abundant information on several processes, however, is contained in the granulite. These processes in-clude the addition of mantle material, crustal remelting, metamorphic differentiation and the delamination of early lower crust. About 80% of zircons studied yield ages of 1842 ±40 Ma, except few ages of 3097-2824 Ma and 2489-2447 Ma. The zircons with ages older than 2447 Ma have high εHf (up to +18.3) and high Hf model age (2.5-2.6 Ga), indicating that the primitive materials of the granulite were derived mainly from a depleted mantle source in late Archean. Most εhf of the zircons with early Proterozoic U-Pb age vary around zero, but two have     

Coupled isomorphic substitution and exsolution of pyroxene,rutile, apatite and quartz in supersilicic garnet

Dissolution of pyroxene in garnet at ultrahigh pressures produces supersilicie garnet with the coupled substitutions of Si^Ⅵ M^Ⅵ= A^Ⅵ A^Ⅵ and Si^Ⅵ Na^Ⅷ=A^Ⅵ M^Ⅷ,which are enhanced by rising pressure. The supersilicic garnet and exsolution of pyroxene, rutile, apatite and quartz in garnet during decompression were found in natural rocks,pointing to the importance in studying mantle-derived rocks and ultrahigh pressure metamorphism related to plate deep subduction. Ti, P, K and H2O enters garnet via the substitutions of Ti = Si, P^Ⅵ Na^Ⅷ = Si^Ⅵ CaⅧ, Si^Ⅵ K^Ⅷ = AI^Ⅵ M^Ⅷ, and [(OH)4]^4- = [SiO4]^4- or [4H]^4 = Si^4 respectively. The possible entering of Eskola pyroxene component M0.5AlSi2O6 in clinopyroxene, together with the common pyroxene component M2Si2O6, into garnet can lead to the presence of the substitution of Si^Ⅵ 0.5□^Ⅷ= A^Ⅵ 0.5M^Ⅷ in garnet structure, which plays a key role in the exsolution of rntile, apatite and quartz in garnet. Two new breakdown reactions are thus proposed on the basis of the new coupled substitution, which can be regarded as a theoretical model for the exsolntion of the 3 minerals in garnet. The real exsolution may be a combination of several breakdown reactions.     

Discussion of gas enrichment mechanism and natural gas origin in marine sedimentary basin,China

There are abundant natural gas resources in Chinese marine sedimentary basin. The exploration hot shots of natural gas are the Palaeozoic marine strata here in recent years, and several large scale gas fields have been discovered. Chinese Palaeozoic high-post matured and coal measure hydrocarbon source rocks are mainly prone to gas generation in the present. This research considered that gas source rocks and TSR are the key cause of gas enrichment of marine strata. High-quality argillaceous and coal measure hydrocarbon rocks are distributed widely in the Palaeozoic marine strata, which have been in highly matured phase in the present. The argillaceous source rock generally contains various sulfates that could accelerate crude oil cracking to gas for TSR occurrence, and coal measure source rock mainly generates gas, so Chinese marine basin gives priority to accumulating gas. Marine strata have not founded oil reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin and Ordos Basin, and they consist mainly of dry gas. Marine natural gases are the mixed gases of oil cracking gas and coal-formed gas in a general way, oil cracking gases contain usually some H2S and CO2. Hydrocarbon carbon isotopes are very complicated, and methane and ethane isotopic values bear apparent reversal caused by thermal evolution and mixing among different genetic types of natural gas. Coal-formed gases are the main component of Chinese marine natural gas. The Upper Permian of the Sichuan Basin and the Carboniferous-Permian of the Ordos Basin coal measure hydrocarbon source rock present large hydrocarbon generation potential, which are the prospecting highlight of marine natural gas hereafter. Oil cracking gas exploration will be paid much attention to in the Tarim Basin because of the lack of coal measure hydrocarbon source rock.     

东濮凹陷濮城地区沙一段盐湖相原油地球化学特征

应用地球化学研究手段，对东濮凹陷濮城地区沙一段盐湖相烃源岩岩样、原油样和油砂样进行了族组分、饱和烃色谱-质谱实验分析。结果表明，濮城地区沙一段原油与含油砂岩抽提物的饱和烃含量在47.39%～65.33%，族组分碳同位素分布在-28.06‰～-26.29‰，芳烃、非烃和沥青质组分之间的同位素分馏效应较小;w（Pr）/w（Ph）小于0.5，具有明显的植烷优势;甾烷w（C2920R）/w（20（R＋S））为0.23～0.27，w（C29ββ）/w（αα＋ββ）为0.19～0.40，甾烷系列中C27含量略占优势，重排甾烷含量极低;γ-蜡烷含量较高，w（γ-蜡烷）/w（C30藿烷）在0.60左右，w（γ-蜡烷）/w（HC3122S）大于2.0，三升藿烷-五升藿烷呈“翘尾”状升序分布，反映了高盐度水体沉积环境下形成的未熟-低熟油特征。油源对比分析认为其烃源灶为沙一段泥岩和部分沙三段泥岩。     

低渗透储层成岩储集相及储集空间演化模式

以砂西油田古近系下干柴沟组下段（E3^1）为例,综合应用取心井的岩石铸体薄片、图像分析、扫描电镜、电子探针能谱、阴极发光、粘土矿物X衍射分析、镜质体反射率等实验测试资料,对E3^1储层的成岩作用、成岩演化序列和成岩阶段划分方法进行了研究,分析了低渗透储层成岩作用对储集物性的影响,详细阐述了低渗透储层中各类成岩储集相的特征及其形成机制,并探讨了其储集空间类型及演化模式。研究结果表明,本区储层砂岩较低渗透率的主要成因是成岩期各种自生矿物的充填和胶结作用。根据成岩作用及其特有的储集空间组合,可将E3^1储层划分为4种成岩储集相类型,即不稳定组分中强溶解次生孔隙成岩储集相（A相）、中等胶结中强压实残余粒间孔成岩储集相（B相）、碳酸盐强胶结成岩储集相（C相）和早期硬石膏强胶结成岩储集相（D相）,其中A类储集相的储集性能最好,D类最差,为差储层或非储层。     

西藏江孜县沙拉岗锑（金）矿区重力流沉积特征

对西藏江孜县沙拉岗锑 (金 )矿区的沉积相进行了划分 ,并重点阐述了颇具特色的各种重力流沉积 (滑动沉积、碎屑流沉积、浊流沉积 ) ,为分析研究锑 (金 )成矿作用提供了丰富的基础资料。     

Phase equilibria of HP–UHP mica-schists in Jiangling, Eastern Dabieshan orogen

The HP–UHP metamorphic terrane of Jiangling, eastern Dabieshan comprises extensively distributed granitic gneisses, mica-schists and numerous eclogite blocks. The mica-schists generally contain garnet, phengitic muscovite, biotite, plagioclase, quartz, rutile and a small amount of epidote and hornblende. Study on petrography and phases equilibria in the NCKMnFMASH system indicates that the present mineral assemblages in mica-schists are not in equilibrium. The earlier stage of mineral assemblage represented by garnet and phengite reflects a HP–UHP condition. The garnet compositions and the phengite Si contents give a PT condition of 580–600℃ at 2.6–2.8 GPa. The garnet zonation records an earlier progressive metamorphic process which may be associated with the appearance of glaucophane, jadeite and lawsonite. The later stage of mineral assemblage characterized by the presence of biotite and plagioclase reflects a PT condition of 620–635℃ at 0.9–1.1 GPa, belonging to the HP amphibolite facies. The main mineral assemblage in micaschists from the Jiangling region has recorded a complete HP–UHP metamorphic process.     

Fundamental geological elements for the occurrence of Chinese marine oil and gas accumulations

The Paleozoic strata in the Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin and Ordos Basin are the major targets for marine petroleum exploration, with developed high quality hydrocarbon, mainly argillite. The deep burial of these source rocks suggests that they mainly develop gas instead of oil. But different maturities of organic matter may lead to different hydrocarbon facies. Through thermochemical sulfate reduction （TSR）, the hydrocarbon in the carbonate rocks may undergo a process of pyrolytic cracking and be catalyzed into gases. The marine reservoirs mainly consist of carbonate and clastic rocks, and the former is controlled by sedimentary facies, dolomitization, solution, TSR and cracking. The multiphase tectonic cycling develops multiple source-reservoir-cap combinations and diversified types of traps and reservoirs, featuring multiphase reservoir formation, mainly late-phase formation or consolidation. Palaeo-uplifts play a controlling role in hydrocarbon accumulation. Differences in major source rocks in the three basins lead to different locations of oil-gas accumulation layers, different types and patterns of reservoirs and different features of reservoir formation.