移动计算中断连操作性能的改善方法

在移动计算环境中,断连后,移动客户机根据缓存的数据在本地执行事务,重新连接后,移动客户机中的事务作为暂态事务提交给固定主机重新执行.如果移动客户机与固定主机的读/写、写/写冲突机率很高,则暂态事务在固定主机上成功提交的概率就很低,大量的暂态事务就会夭折,这将浪费大量的服务器资源和通信资源,从而降低整个系统的性能.为了提高暂态事务重提交的成功概率,本文提出按概率提交暂态事务的方法.该方法在冲突频率非常高的场合,能够节省移动客户机的传送开销,减轻固定主机的负担,提高事务的吞吐量.     

Water isotope variations in the snow pack and summer precipitation at July 1 Glacier, Qilian Mountains in northwest China

This paper presents the stable isotope data of the snow pack and summer precipitation collected at the July 1 Glacier, Qilian Mountains in northwest China and analyses their relationships with meteorologi- cal factors. On an event scale, there is no temperature effect on the δ 18O values in the summer pre- cipitation, whereas the amount effect is shown to be clear. By tracing the moisture transport history and comparing the precipitation with its isotopic composition, it is shown that this amount effect not only reflects the change in moisture trajectory, which is related to the monsoon activities, but is also associated with the cooling degree of vapor in the cloud, the evaporation of falling raindrops and the isotopic exchange between the falling drops and the atmospheric vapor. As very little precipitation occurs in winter, the snow pack profile mainly represents the precipitation in the other three seasons. There are low precipitation δ 18O ratios in summer and high ratios in spring and autumn. The Meteoric Water Line (MLW) for the summer precipitation is δ D = 7.6 δ 18O 13.3, which is similar to that at Delingha, located in the south rim of the Qilian Mountains. The MWL for the snow pack is δ D = 10.4 δ 18O 41.4, showing a large slope and intercept. The deuterium excess (d) of the snow pack is positively correlated with δ 18O, indicating that both d and δ 18O decrease from spring to summer and increase from early autumn to early spring. This then results in the high slope and intercept of the MWL. Sea- sonal fluctuations of d in the snow pack indicate the change of moisture source and trajectory. During spring and autumn, the moisture originates from continental recycling or rapid evaporation over rela- tively warm water bodies like Black, Caspian and Aral Seas when the dry westerly air masses pass over them, hence very high d values in precipitation are formed. During summer, the monsoon is responsi- ble for the low d values. This indicates that the monsoon can reach the western part of the Qilian Mountains.     

Discrete Time Optimal Adaptive Control for Linear Stochastic Systems

The least-squares (LS) algorithm has been used for system modeling for a long time. Without any excitation conditions, only the convergence rate of the common LS algorithm can be obtained. This paper analyzed the weighted least-squares (WLS) algorithm and described the good properties of the WLS algorithm. The WLS algorithm was then used for adaptive control of linear stochastic systems to show that the linear closed-loop system was globally stable and that the system identification was consistent. Compared to the past optimal adaptive controller, this controller does not impose restricted conditions on the coefficients of the system, such as knowing the first coefficient before the controller. Without any persistent excitation conditions, the analysis shows that, with the regulation of the adaptive control, the closed-loop system was globally stable and the adaptive controller converged to the one-step-ahead optimal controller in some sense.     

北海市经济贝类基本成分和碳氮生源要素含量测定分析

广西沿海贝类资源丰富，在海洋渔业和海洋生态系统中意义重大。为获取用于开展贝类增养殖容量评估，构建食物链网、生源要素和能量流动模型，以及开展北部湾海域海洋牧场建设和碳汇渔业评估的基础数据，本研究对北海市常见的14种经济贝类进行相关数据的测定与分析。实验对从北海市市场收集的14种经济贝类的壳长(SL)、壳宽(SW)或壳高(SH)、体质量(BM)、壳质量(SM)、软体部质量(MSP)进行测量，并同时对软体部的水分、粗蛋白、能量、碳和氮的含量及稳定同位素丰度等进行测定。实验结果表明，不同贝类的出肉率差别较大，贝壳较薄的大獭蛤(Lutraria maxima)和缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)等可超过70%。双壳贝类的软体部含水率均超过85%，腹足类的软体部含水率不超过81%。贝类的有机碳含量为39.77%-47.36%，氮含量为8.25%-11.80%。双壳贝类中尖紫蛤(Soletellina acuta)δ¹³C最低,华贵栉孔扇贝(Chalamys nobilys)的δ¹³C最高；双壳贝类中华贵栉孔扇贝的δ¹⁵N最低,等边浅蛤(Macridiscus aequilatera)的δ¹⁵N最高。软体部能量含量为16.11-20.81 kJ/g。双壳贝类软体部能量含量(E,kJ)与其壳长(SL,cm)的关系符合指数模型E=a×e^b×SL,腹足类软体部能量含量(E,kJ)与其壳高(SH,cm)的关系符合指数模型E=a×e^b×SH；软体部能量含量(E,kJ)与体质量(BM,g)的关系符合线性公式E=a×BM+b。不同种类的贝类的基本成分和生源要素的特征存在差异，与已有文献报道不同海区的同种贝类相关数据也存在较大差异。因此，在进行生态学相关研究时，数据的收集非常重要，借鉴相关物种的数据要非常谨慎。     

Robust Stabilization Control for a Class of Nonlinear Measure Differential Systems with Delay

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基于稳态自适应技术的水下机器人系统在线辨识

针对水下机器人运动和作业过程中的有效载荷变化使得机器人动态特性也相应地发生变化的特点,以开架式无缆水下机器人为研究对象,在对其动力学模型进行简化的基础上,提出了一种基于稳态自适应技术的在线参数辨识方法,进行了与基于最小二乘法的离线参数辨识的对比实验以及水下机器人特性发生变化时的在线辨识实验,水池实验结果验证了基于稳态自适应技术的参数在线辨识方法对开架式水下机器人进行系统辨识的有效性和可行性.     

单位正则环中的零化子

环R称为单位正则环,如果对任何x∈R,有可逆元u∈R使得x=xux.文章利用零化子刻画了单位正则环,证明了正则环是单位正则环当仅当l(a)∩l(b)=l(d)时,有y∈R使得l(a)∩l(b)=t(a+by),当仅当l(a)=l(b)时,有u∈U(R)使得a=bua.     

国内生产总值变化的趋势及其稳定性的研究

由消费、投资、进口、出口４个出数及均衡条件导出了国内生产总值所满足的一阶线性非齐次差分方程，并求出了国内生产总值ｙ１随时间ｔ的变化规律，给出了ｙ１稳定性的主分条件及单调条件，指目前宏观经济政策中出台的各项措施正是由ｙ１的规律所制约 。     

对流方程的一族高精度恒稳格式

为求解对流方程u1=aux构造一族新的含3参数3层隐式差分格式（在特殊情况下是2层），其截断至少可达O[(Δt)2 (Δx)4]在条件α1＝α3，α2小于地2α1或α1大于等于0，α2≥0，α3≥α0，α1＞α3，α1＋α2＋α3＝1，α2≤1／2之下，绝对稳定，特别地，当参数α1＝α2，α3＝0时得到一个两层恒稳的差分格式，所有这些格式都可用追赶法求解，它包含对流方程的已有文献中的隐式高精度恒稳格式。     

教学过程的变量分析（一）

本文利用微分方程理论和线性化方法探讨了如何分析教学过程中的有关变量，并在此基础上提出了相应的数学模型，最后，给出了教学设计中应注意的几个问题。