Variability of snail growing season at the Chinese Loess Plateau during the last 75 ka

Knowledge of seasonal climate change is one of the key issues facing Quaternary paleoclimatic studies and estimating seasonal climate change is difficult,especially changes such as seasonal length on glacial-interglacial timescales.The stable isotope composition from seasonal land snail shells provides the potential to reveal seasonal climatic features.Two modern land snail species,cold-aridiphilous Pupilla aeoli and thermo-humidiphilous Punctum orphana,were collected from different climatic zones in 18 localities across the Chinese Loess Plateau,spanning 11 degrees of longitude and covering a range of 1000 km2.The duration of the snail growing season(temperature ≥10℃) was shorter(202 ± 6 d) in the eastern Loess Plateau compared with in the western Loess Plateau(162 ±7 d).The δ13C of P.aeoli shells was ?9.1‰ to ?4.7‰ and ?5.0‰ to 0.3‰ for δ18O.For P.orphana,the δ13C ranged from ?9.1‰ to ?1.9‰ and ?8.9‰ to ?2.9‰ for δ18O.Both the δ13C and δ18O differences between the two snail species were reduced from the east to the western Loess Plateau(2.8‰ to 0.2 ± 1.1‰ for δ13C and 4.7‰ to 2.9 ± 1.3‰ for δ18O).These isotopic differences roughly reflect the difference in the growing season lengths between the east and west Loess Plateau indicating that the duration of the snail growing season shortens by 15 d or 19 d if the difference decreases by 1‰ in δ13C or δ18O,respectively.Thus,the difference in δ13C and δ18O between both snail species can be used to reveal the length of the snail growing season in the past.Based on our investigation,the length of the snail growing seasons from the Xifeng region during the last 75 ka was reconstructed.During the mid-Holocene(8-3 ka),the mean isotopic difference from both snail species reached maximum values of 2.6 ± 0.7‰ and 2.1 ± 1.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O,respectively.This was followed by MIS 3 that ranged from 2.5 ± 0.4‰ for δ13C and 1.6 ± 0.8‰ for δ18O.The Last Glacial Maximum changed by only 0.2‰ and 0.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O,respectively.Therefore,we estimate that the duration of the snail growing seasons to be ～200 ± 10 d during the mid-Holocene,190 ± 6 d in MIS 3 and 160 ± 3 d during the last glacial period.     

基于客户行为和兴趣变化的电子商务推荐系统

目的改善传统协同过滤推荐系统,提高推荐结果的准确性。方法采用混合推荐方法,将客户对商品的显式评分和客户的访问行为相结合,并借鉴心理学遗忘规律,引入指数遗忘函数,将客户评分数据的重要性依据时间逐渐衰减,以此来反映客户的兴趣变化。结果设计了基于客户行为和兴趣变化的混合推荐模型,给出了客户兴趣数据的获取方法和考虑客户兴趣变化的推荐方法。结论该方法在推荐结果的准确性上要优于传统的协同过滤推荐。     

强柱系数对多层钢框架结构动力响应的影响

为明确强柱系数的大小和不同定义形式对典型多层钢框架结构动力响应的影响,以不同强柱系数值(0. 9～1. 5)和不同定义形式(结构层定义、结构的柱梁节点定义)为研究参量,设计柱脚刚接的典型多层钢框架结构模型,通过强震下的动力时程分析,研究结构模型的最大层间位移、最大层间位移角集中率及构件的塑性变形能量等变化规律。通过研究发现,随着强柱系数的减小,各模型最大层间位移变形及构件塑性变形能量呈现向首层集中的趋势,强柱系数≤1. 2且按柱梁节点设计的模型尤其明显,其位移角集中率也较大;而强柱系数≥1. 5的模型塑性变形能量基本分布于梁,且分散于1～6层。各模型的地震输入能量速度换算值和塑性变形能量速度换算值大小取决于结构模型的基本周期,与强柱系数大小和定义形式无关。     

起伏地表稳相黏弹叠前时间偏移方法及应用

由于大地黏弹介质的吸收作用,地震波在地层中传播时会产生子波相位畸变、高频成分衰减等现象,不能满足薄砂体、小断裂、不整合面等地质现象刻画对地震资料振幅保真和高分辨率的要求.起伏地表稳相黏弹性叠前时间偏移方法是基于浮动基准面假设,通过引入等效Q值实现沿地震波的传播路径补偿吸收衰减的目标,提出了起伏地表倾角道集的计算方法,并...     

FAIMS分离电压的温度非线性误差建模与补偿

介绍了高场非对称波形离子迁移谱(FAIMS)技术的基本原理,从理论上分析了驱散电压与分离电压间的线性关系。在确定驱散电压的作用下实验研究了分离电压的温度非线性特性,采用二次曲面方程建立了常温下分离电压的温度漂移误差补偿模型。在22.8℃～27.8℃的温度补偿范围内测试,结果表明,该温度补偿模型对分离电压的温度漂移具有理想的补偿效果,在不同温度条件下实现了分离电压对特定物质离子表征的唯一性。同时,该补偿方法也为迁移管的无恒温控制系统的设计提供了理想的解决方案,简化了迁移管的结构设计。     

核电厂化学和容积控制系统压力测量仪表检验周期延长论证分析

在核电厂长燃料循环周期的论证过程中,仪表标定周期延长的论证是很重要的一个部分。通过对化学和容积控制系统典型的压力测量仪表数据收集和统计分析,采用AFAL方法论证其周期延长的可行性。研究表明:该类仪表具有较好的稳定性,将检验周期延长到18个月后,其安全功能不低于原周期情况下的安全水平,周期延长可行。     

Plane-Wave Least-Squares Reverse Time Migration for Rugged Topography

We present a method based on least-squares reverse time migration with plane-wave encod-ing (P-LSRTM) for rugged topography. Instead of modifying the wave field before migration, we modify the plane-wa...     

信阳市地貌特征对农业发展的影响

首先,分析了信阳市地貌的基本特征,自南向北呈阶梯状分布,自西向东海拔高度逐渐降低.其次,探讨了地貌特征对农业发展的影响,从农业的种植类型和生产规模两个方面进行直接分析,从地貌对气候、水文水系和水土流失等方面进行间接分析.最后,提出促进信阳市农业良性发展的根本措施:因地制宜发展小型农业类型,大力发展生态农业,以确保农业可持续发展.     

MEMS 器件的白光干涉测量

白光干涉测量法适用于 MEMS 器件的三维表面形貌测量。通过 Matlab 仿真,讨论了在局部峰点插值法中采用三次样条插值的优势,从测量速度、测量精度、抗噪能力和扫描步距等方面对局部峰点插值法与傅立叶变换滤波法、希尔伯特变换法、小波变换法进行比较。最后经过中值滤波预处理、局部峰点插值法处理后,得到器件的三维表面形貌。     

扩散模型复合分位回归估计的渐近正态性

主要研究扩散模型中漂移函数的复合分位回归估计的渐近正态性.基于离散观测样本,利用复合分位回归的方法得到了漂移参数函数的局部估计量,并证明了估计量的渐近正态性.