低价钛还原偶联醛酮合成片呐醇的进展

由低价钛络合物诱发的片呐醇偶联反应,具有良好的化学选择性和立体选择性,近几年来又引起有机化学家们的极大兴趣与重视.文章综述近几年来由低价钛还原偶联醛酮合成片呐醇的进展.     

Intermittent demand forecasting in the Enterprise: Empirical verification

Forecasting methods are often valued by means of simulation studies. For intermittent demand items there are often very few non–zero observations, so it is hard to check any assumptions, because statistical information is often too weak to determine, for example, distribution of a variable. Therefore, it seems important to verify the forecasting methods on the basis of real data. The main aim of the article is an empirical verification of several forecasting methods applicable in case of intermittent demand. Some items are sold only in specific subperiods (in given month in each year, for example), but most forecasting methods (such as Croston's method) give non–zero forecasts for all periods. For example, summer work clothes should have non–zero forecasts only for summer months and many methods will usually provide non–zero forecasts for all months under consideration. This was the motivation for proposing and testing a new forecasting technique which can be applicable to seasonal items. In the article six methods were applied to construct separate forecasting systems: Croston's, SBA (Syntetos–Boylan Approximation), TSB (Teunter, Syntetos, Babai), MA (Moving Average), SES (Simple Exponential Smoothing) and SESAP (Simple Exponential Smoothing for Analogous subPeriods). The latter method (SESAP) is an author's proposal dedicated for companies facing the problem of seasonal items. By analogous subperiods the same subperiods in each year are understood, for example, the same months in each year. A data set from the real company was used to apply all the above forecasting procedures. That data set contained monthly time series for about nine thousand products. The forecasts accuracy was tested by means of both parametric and non–parametric measures. The scaled mean and the scaled root mean squared error were used to check biasedness and efficiency. Also, the mean absolute scaled error and the shares of best forecasts were estimated. The general conclusion is that in the analyzed company a forecasting system should be based on two forecasting methods: TSB and SESAP, but the latter method should be applied only to seasonal items (products sold only in specific subperiods). It also turned out that Croston's and SBA methods work worse than much simpler methods, such as SES or MA. The presented analysis might be helpful for enterprises facing the problem of forecasting intermittent items (and seasonal intermittent items as well).     

军事术语学的学科形成与发展

军事术语学是研究军语的结构、形成、特征、作用和军语的编纂、管理、使用及其发展规律的一门新兴学科。该学科经历了漫长的酝酿、积累、探索和“破土而出”的过程:古代军事术语思想的萌芽时期,近代军事术语思想的雏形时期,现代军事术语学的形成时期。它将随着新时代军队建设特别是军事科学研究的深入发展而日趋完善,自立于军事学和术语学学科之林。     

论术语的攻防属性

研究内容是术语的保护与攻击的双面属性。研究目的是通过语言作为武器的比喻了解术语的攻防属性,令人更深刻地认识术语的本质。研究方法是采用术语的例证分析。结果表明考察术语的使用能够验证术语的攻防属性及其特征。结论是研究术语的属性问题可以完善术语学的理论。     

创新开展新时期科技名词规范化工作,努力发挥支撑服务作用

科技名词规范化工作具有深厚的历史基础和现实需要,是支撑科技创新和经济社会发展的一项基础性系统工程。当前,中国特色社会主义进入新时代,我们要深刻领会“新时代”的丰富内涵,深化认识科技名词规范化工作的特殊意义,创新开展各项工作,更好肩负起新时代赋予的历史使命。     

存在反应的电解质溶液相平衡研究

从应用的角度出发,对电解质溶液模型、相平衡计算的现状与发展进行了简要的回顾,并系统地介绍和讨论了作者在这方面的工作。指出对Pitzer模型和作者提出的电解质溶液水化平衡模型建立各自相应的普遍化温度关系,结合所提出的固液平衡级计算方法,可以预测工业过程所涉度的高温、高压、高浓度范围内复杂体系的热力学性质,解决此类过程集成模拟优化的瓶颈问题。此外。还介绍了离子选择性电极测定弱电解质体系热力学的方法。     

芳纶纤维强化UP的激光加工性基础研究

使用CO2和YAG激光加工芳纶纤维强化不饱和聚酯树脂板,探讨其在不同的强化方式下,改变照射时间和激光功率及焦点位移量时的微孔加工性。     

克里雅河流域水资源利用及其生态环境响应研究

克里雅河是和田地区于田县最大的河流,也是历史上曾经注入塔里木河、横穿塔克拉玛干大沙漠的绿色走廊之一。克里雅河流域人口与经济发展而带来的水土资源开发利用程度的增加,对流域生态环境产生了重大的影响。由于中上游水土资源开发面积急剧增加,导致下游输水逐年减少、年内分配趋于集中,导致下游河段断流,生态环境恶化等现象。克里雅河流域水土资源开发引起的环境响应有积极建设性的一面,也有消极的破坏原有生态环境的一面。前者主要表现在：①绿洲内部水资源利用量逐年增长,绿洲环境逐步改善,②提高了绿洲土地生产能力,③已形成引、蓄、输、排为一体的网络,提高了抗旱能力和水资源的利用效益。后者主要表现在：地表水流程缩短,下游生态环境恶化；土壤次生盐渍化严重,影响了土地生产力；绿洲外围小气候的恶化、生态环境的破坏威胁着绿洲的稳定性。在流域水土资源开发的同时重视生态环境建设与调控具有重要意义。图2,表3,参7。     

无人机集群规避动态障碍物的分布式队形控制

本文研究了无人机集群躲避动态障碍物下的队形控制问题。首先, 引入针对动态障碍物的碰撞预判机制判断集群是否需要对障碍物进行规避。其次, 在动态障碍物与无人机间构造斥力场实现避障。最后, 根据一致性理论设计基于集群各无人机之间、无人机与虚拟领导者之间的位置、速度一致性控制律, 结合人工势场法实现躲避动态障碍物下集群队形的形成与保持。仿真结果表明, 集群无人机能够在以分布式方式躲避动态障碍物的同时实现队形的形成、保持与重构。     

基于多智能体的电力软科学智能实验室研究

针对电力软科学研究的复杂性、不确定性,总结了电力软科学研究包括的类别,采用最新的信息集成标准、CORBA规范,基于多智能体技术,应用复杂适应系统理论与智能工程理论,提出了电力软科学智能实验室建设框架和开发思路,并详细讨论了其实现方式。该体系结构采用开放式信息集成技术,方便已有软件的集成和功能扩展,可以为其它行业的软科学实验平台的研究和实现提供参考。