大熊猫尿中皮质醇含量变化的日周期

首次报道了4只大熊猫(.2;■.2)尿中皮质醇含量变化的24小时模式.连续两昼夜在动物排尿时收集尿样,尿中皮质醇含量用放射免疫法测定.4只大熊猫尿中的皮质醇含量变化均有明显的昼夜周期,在早晨2—6时持续上升,在6—7时达最高点,随即逐渐下降,雄性与雌性大熊猫分别在21时到21时半及20时到21时下降到最低点.雄、雌性大熊猫皮质醇的日周期相似,两者的皮质醇水平都是在3—7时显著高于日平均水平,中午12时至深夜1时,一般均低于日平均水平,24小时中皮质醇峰的最高值,雄性大熊猫高于雌性.     

大熊猫的分类地位与演化

大熊猫的研究,经过120多年已深入到各个方面,然而关于它的分类地位,迄今仍未取得共识,概分三派.一派认为它是高度特化的熊类,另一派认为它更接近于浣熊,再一派认为它应独立成为一类.古生物学家根据所发现的始熊猫化石,讨论了大熊猫的演化.但大熊猫的祖先到底是属于哪一类始熊,尚待进一步对古今熊类研究,方能最终解决.     

单向双击式纠偏水枪的设计研究

通过试验证明了单向双击式纠偏水枪用于淹水沉井校正偏斜井筒具有根大的优越性。经过实验获得的偏斜井筒校正新工艺,比常规纠偏省时、节材、耗资低。并简要阐述了纠偏原理。     

Serial nuclear transfer improves the development of interspecies reconstructed giant panda (Aluropoda melanoleuca) embryos

Interspecies somatic nuclear transfer (NT) may provide a new approach for preservation of the endangered rare species. Previous interspecies cloning studies have shown that a nucleus from a quiescent somatic cell supports early development of reconstructed embryos in the ooplasm from another species. In this study, we transferred nonquiescent somatic cells from a giant panda into the perivitelline space of the enucleated rabbit oocytes. After electrofusion (at the rate of 71.6%) and electrical activation, 4.2% of the panda-rabbit reconstructed embryos developed to blastocyst in vitro. For improving the development rate of reconstructed embryos, we used serial NT in this study, i.e. blastomeres from reconstructed morulae were transferred into the perivitelline space of the enucleated rabbit oocytes. The fusion rates in the groups of serial I, serial II and serial III were 79.5%, 84.1% and 78.0%, respectively, having no difference with that of somatic group. And the blastocyst rates in serial NT groups were 19.4%, 13.5% and 10.3%, respectively, which are significantly higher than that in somatic NT group. These results indicate that the nuclei from nonquiescent somatic cells can support early development of reconstructed embryos and serial NT can improve the development rate of interspecies reconstructed embryos. These authors contributed equally to this work.     

Embryonic development and organogenesis of Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus

The morphology and organogenesis of Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus, in its different developmental periods and stages are described in detail, which provides an intact criterion for distinguishing different stages of its developmental process. Based on the external morphological and internal histological features, six periods including 20 stages of organogenesis of Chinese giant salamander are established, which are cleavage period, blastula period, gastrula period, neurula period, organogenesis stage and hatching stage. Generally, the embryonic development of Chinese giant salamander is consistent with those of Eastern newt, Cynops orientalis, and Black spots frog, R. nigromaculata. However, they have some differences in the early cleavage process and the development of digestive system. The cleavage of Chinese giant salamander, A. davidianus is not a discoidal division type, which is different from other species reported. And the first three cleavages being meridional and a retardant development of its digestive system without halter and sucker existing are the evident features of the embryonic development of Chinese giant salamander.     

简单巨系统自组织的一个范例——沙波自组织现象的研究

沙波的形成是典型的简单巨系统自组织现象。我们以河床沙波为例，采用确定型描述方法，针对河床沙波系统自组织是表面波的特点，用中观变量描述系统状态，并在此基础上确定系统的动力学方程。应用协同学的支配原理，找到决定形成沙波的序参量，很好地解释了河床沙波自组织现象。这项研究为简单巨系统自组织提供了一个范例，同时也为河床沙波形成理论开辟了一条新的研究途径.     

中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地大熊猫种群发展的预测研究

本文介绍了单种群按年龄结构分布的莱斯利（Ｌｅｓｌｉｅ）模型，并用于中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地圈养大熊猫种群的动态研究，预测其发展趋势，为基地三期工程建设以及有计划地将人工繁育的大熊猫放归大自然的目标提供建设性意见     

超磁致伸缩驱动微泵的磁场优化分析与实验验证

为使超磁致伸缩驱动微泵中超磁致伸缩材料(GMM)棒获得最佳的磁致伸缩性能,在ANSYS Maxwell软件中建立双线圈式驱动磁场、外线圈内永磁体式驱动磁场、内线圈外永磁体式驱动磁场模型,进行仿真分析,得到三种情况下微泵轴线上平均磁场强度和磁场均匀度,并通过试验验证优选结构的磁场强度和均匀度。结果表明:外线圈长度L_(q1)=104 mm,厚度d_(q1)=12.5 mm;内线圈长度L_(q2)=104 mm,厚度d_(q2)=12.5 mm的双线圈式驱动磁场相对于外线圈内永磁体式和内线圈外永磁体式平均磁场强度提高了117%和8.6%,磁场均匀度下降4%。试验结果与仿真结果基本吻合,验证了仿真模型的正确性。     

野外大熊猫调查方法的研究

通过对野外大熊猫粪便中残存竹节的测量和用聚类分析方法确定大熊猫数量的研究,可得到一种较理想和较准确地统计野外大熊猫数量的方法。     

免疫系统--一个开放的复杂巨系统

免疫系统是人体这个开放的复杂巨系统中的一个子系统，本身具有构成开放复杂巨系统的所有条件。用开放的复杂巨系统的理论和方法重新审视免疫系统会帮助我们提出无穷无尽的问题，这才是研究免疫学的有趣之处。免疫学是近代生物学中发展迅速的学科之一，与人体系统中其它子系统相同，是生命整体的一部分，和大脑同样具有识别能力，但区分“自己”与“非自己”的能力却不同；它给予人类的不仅是保护性还有损伤性。4亿多年的进化，它留给我们的大部分仍是个谜。