一种基于分数阶微分方程模型的基因调控网络构建方法

考虑到实际生物系统的非线性特性,提出了一种基于分数阶微分方程模型构建基因调控网络的新方法,采用模型预测数据与实际数据的逼近误差为目标函数,通过人工鱼群优化算法辨识分数阶微分方程模型的阶次和参数,并引入自适应步长,保留精英个体和增加种群多样性等策略提高算法的进化能力。对真实生物实验数据的结果表明,该方法能够较准确的辨识出模型参数,得到的分数阶微分方程模型与实际数据吻合程度较高。     

日本血吸虫卵壳蛋白编码基因的扩增及克隆

目的:扩增和克隆日本血吸虫卵壳蛋白编码基因(SjESG),以研究其作为候选疫苗分子和药物靶点的可能性.方法:合成引物,以日本血吸虫雌、雄虫cDNA第一链为模板,RT-PCR扩增日本血吸虫卵壳蛋白编码基因,与带有硫氧还蛋白(Trx)基因的高效原核表达质粒pET32a(+)定向重组,构建原核表达重组质粒,并经限制性核酸内切酶酶切分析和PCR鉴定.结果:从雌虫cDNA中扩增出624bp SjESG基因,原核表达重组质粒pET32a(+)-SiESG经限制性核酸内切酶酶切和PCR均获得624bp的DNA片段.结论:成功构建原核表达重组质#ipET32a(+)-SjESG.     

RNA干扰在肿瘤转移研究中的应用

RNA干扰是与特定基因同源互补的双链RNA在体内以序列特异的方式引发靶基因的mRNA降解,从而导致转录后基因沉默的过程。由于其在基因沉默中的高度特异性和有效性,在基因功能和基因药物的研究中有很大潜力。综述了RNA干扰可能的分子机制、分子生物特性和其在肿瘤特别是肿瘤转移中的应用。     

用基因芯片技术分析干旱胁迫下生殖生长期大麦的基因表达

耐旱性是干旱地区稳定和增加大麦产量的一个关键因素。鉴定出与耐旱性相关的功能基因,一方面可了解大麦的耐旱机理,同时还可以促进利用生物技术来改良大麦的耐旱性。在研究中,2个在耐旱性上具有明显差异的大麦品种Tadmor(耐旱)和WI2291(干旱敏感)被选作材料,采用22000个ESTs(基因表达序列标签)的Affymetrix大麦基因芯片Barley1来分析生殖生长期干旱胁迫下2个大麦材料的差异表达基因。研究结果表明,干旱胁迫下2个大麦材料中有77个共调节基因,其中部分基因已被报道过可能与抗旱性相关。这些基因中已有功能注释的基因按其生物学功能被分为14组,猜测它们是干旱胁迫的响应基因,在抗旱性上可能不起重要作用,或者是必需的但单独不足以提高大麦的抗旱性。进一步比较2个材料差异表达的基因,发现二材料之间有372个受干旱调节基因的差异。这些基因中有功能注释基因的生物学功能中可分为15组,其中一些已被认为与抗旱性相关;而对那些未知功能的基因,推测可能亦在大麦的抗旱性上扮演一定的角色。研究所得结果可为阐述生殖生长期大麦的耐旱性机理提供新的认识。     

用GEP实现复杂函数的自动建模

GEP是一种新颖的遗传算法,在函数建模的应用中取得良好的结果.给出计算有效基因长度的伪代码,结合GRCM方法阅读基因,快速计算出染色体的适应值.在算法中增加了参数估计模块,用GEP得到较好模型后,用参数估计模块进行参数优化,试验显示这种混合的GEP方法比传统的最小二乘法、神经网络以及遗传程序设计等方法具有更好的性能.     

Mechanisms of sperm-egg interactions emerging from gene-manipulated animals

Untangling the molecular nature of sperm-egg interactions is fundamental if we are to understand fertilization. These phenomena have been studied for many years using biochemical approaches such as antibodies and ligands that interact with sperm or with eggs and their vestments. However, when homologous genetic recombination techniques were applied, most of the phenotypic factors of the gene-manipulated animals believed “essential” for fertilization were found to be dispensable. Of course, all biological systems contain redundancies and compensatory mechanisms, but as a whole the old model of fertilization clearly requires significant modification. In this review, we use the results of gene manipulation experiments in animals to propose the basis for a new vision. Received 26 January 2007; received after revision 7 March 2007; accepted 17 April 2007     

The human genome and understanding of common disease: present and future technologies

The study of candidate genes over the past three decades has yielded notable successes in common-disease genetics. During this time, however, interpretation of genetic association studies has been hampered by the use of clinical cohorts of inadequate power and insufficient information on genetic variation in candidate genes. The unavailability of highthroughput and low-cost genotyping technologies has also limited the scope of complex-disease genetic studies. More recently, however, the sequencing and characterization of variation within the human genome has revolutionized genetic studies and enabled full genome-wide scans for genes associated with disease. The identification of disease-associated (causative) genes has illuminated disease mechanisms. The translation of this knowledge into direct clinical benefit in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy for an individual’s disease still remains a challenge. Received 11 September 2006; received after revision 17 December 2006; accepted 18 January 2007     

中国四个小型猪品种生长激素基因克隆测序及分子进化研究

研究对中国四个小型猪五指山猪、贵州香猪、滇南小耳猪和藏猪的生长激素基因(pGH,porcine growth hormone)进行了克隆测序及构建分子进化树,考察该激素对小型猪体型的影响。通过筛选合适的引物,采用PCR技术,扩增了四个小型猪品种的pGH基因全序列,并对其进行了克隆测序分析。4个小型猪品种pGH基因全长为2006bp,包括5个外显子和4个内含子,CDS全长为648bp。将4个品种小型猪和长白猪、雅南猪、内江猪进行了核苷酸序列比对,共有63处发生了变异,变异率为2.9%,其中外显子有12处变异,全部为转换;内含子有51处发生了变异,包括转换、颠换和缺失。聚类结果基本符合其地方猪种的地理位置分布原则。