Pedigree transmission disequilibrium test for quantitative traits in farm animals

General pedigrees are very common in farm animals,and the recent availability of large panels of SNPs in domestic species has given new momentum to the search for the mutations underlying variation in quantitative traits.In this paper,we proposed a new transmission disequilibrium test approach,called the pedigree transmission disequilibrium test,which deals with general pedigrees and quantitative traits in farm animals.Compared with the existing pedigree disequilibrium test (PDT) and general linear model-based method QTDT,our approach performed better with higher power and lower type I error,especially in scenarios where the quantitative trait locus (QTL) effect was small.We also investigated the application of our approach in selective genotyping design.Our simulation studies indicated that it was plausible to implement a selective genotyping strategy in the proposed pedigree transmission disequilibrium test.We found that our approach performed equally well or better when only some proportion of the individuals in the two tails were genotyped compared with its performance when all the individuals in the pedigree were genotyped.     

Identification of susceptibility genes loci associated with type 2 diabetes

In this study, we selected 10 susceptible SNPs loci to investigate their contribution to susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese among Hubei population. We genotyped SNPs rs5219, rs1801282, rs1470579, rs1111875, rs1081661, rs7754840, rs4506565, rs13266634, rs4402960, and rs5643981 by using the method of polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR). In a case-control study, we have genotyped the 10 candidate susceptibility SNP loci, and here, we reported that the SNP rs5219 in KCNJ1...     

Identification of an S5n allele in Oryza rufipogon Griff. and its effect on embryo sac fertility

Oryza rufipogon exhibits abundant genetic diversity and contains many elite genes. In this work, a total of 441 accessions of O. rufipogon were genetically examined using the functional marker S5n, revealing that 18 accessions carried the S5n allele with a heterozygous genotype (S5nS5i/j). Of these accessions, 14 were from Guangdong Province, 2 from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 1 from Hainan Province and 1 from Jiangxi Province. Further sequence analysis spanning both sides of the deletion in S5n allel...     

A combination of leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 and lesion mimic gene lm significantly enhances adult plant resistance to Puccinia triticina in wheat

Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is an economically-important disease in wheat worldwide.A combination of different types of resistance genes may significantly enhance rust resistance under rust-favorable conditions.To investigate the interactions between the rust resistance gene Lr34 and the lesion mimic gene lm on 1BL in Ning 7840,a segregating F8-10 population of 180 recombinant inbred lines was developed from Ning 7840/Chokwang and evaluated for both lesion mimic expression and leaf rust response at the adult plant stage in a greenhouse.A major quantitative trait locus(QTL),derived from Sumai 3,was co-localized with Lr34 on chromosome 7D and explained 41.5% of phenotypic variations for rust severity and 22.1% for leaf tip necrosis(LTN).The presence of Lr34 was confirmed by Lr34-specific markers cssfr1 and cssfr2 in Ning 7840 and Sumai 3.Unlike Lr34,lm conditioned a spontaneous lesion mimic phenotype and had a significant effect on reducing uredinial size,and a smaller effect on severity.Additive effects were observed between lm and Lr34 for severity and LTN,and an epistatic effect was observed for infection type.Single marker analysis also identified several other QTL with minor effects on severity,infection type,or LTN.     

体育运动中的基因兴奋剂

WADA将基因或细胞兴奋剂定义为“能增强运动能力的基因，遗传元素和／或细胞的非治疗性的使用”．遗传学和基因学的新的研究结果不仅将用于疾病的诊断和治疗，而且还将用于试图增强机体的运动能力．用于治疗疾病的基因疗法，如贫血（EPO基因）、肌肉营养不良（IGF—I基因）和外周血管疾病（血管内皮生长因子基因）等，都可能被用于兴奋剂．为保护运动员的健康和保证公平竞争，IOC、WADA和ISF（国际体育联合会）已将提高运动能力的药物和方法定义为基因兴奋剂，并禁止其使用．     

匀加速行驶车辆与桥梁耦合振动的分析方法

为了分析匀加速行驶车辆与桥梁的相互耦合作用,在重点考虑了移动车辆的牵连惯性力及其行车加速度对桥梁竖向振动作用的条件下,建立了匀加速移动的四自由度车辆模型与桥梁耦合振动微分方程;利用有限元的求解方法,在匀加速移动车辆的初速度和加速度2个运动参数变化情况下,得出了桥梁的动挠度响应规律。数值分析表明:车辆初速度和行车加速度对桥梁动力系数影响较大;随初速度的增大,桥梁动力系数增大;随加速度的增大,桥梁动力系数先增大、后减小,存在一个最值区域。     

生物工程的现状与展望

阐述了生物工程在农牧、食品、医药工业、生物采矿、生物化工、环境保护、生物能源、生物医学工程等主要领域的发展现状;分析讨论了美国、日本、西欧等国家生物工程的竞争态势;展望了生物工程的未来前景。     

真核生物的热击反应及转录调控的研究现状

真核生物受热击及其他应激作用后能诱导产生ＨＳＰ。ＨＳＰ在生物体内起着重要的生理功能。研究热击反应有助于搞清植物基因表达调控的机理，这也是科学家们近几年来研究的热点。随着植物基因工程技术的完善和发展，这一研究进展很快。ＨＳＥ、ＨＳＦ和ＨＳＰ在热击基因转录和调控过程中起着非常重要的作用。