全文获取类型
收费全文 | 14993篇 |
免费 | 257篇 |
国内免费 | 402篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 443篇 |
丛书文集 | 387篇 |
教育与普及 | 309篇 |
理论与方法论 | 138篇 |
现状及发展 | 193篇 |
综合类 | 14136篇 |
自然研究 | 46篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 16篇 |
2023年 | 45篇 |
2022年 | 125篇 |
2021年 | 121篇 |
2020年 | 129篇 |
2019年 | 103篇 |
2018年 | 87篇 |
2017年 | 105篇 |
2016年 | 138篇 |
2015年 | 276篇 |
2014年 | 771篇 |
2013年 | 489篇 |
2012年 | 874篇 |
2011年 | 1096篇 |
2010年 | 857篇 |
2009年 | 1007篇 |
2008年 | 1035篇 |
2007年 | 1281篇 |
2006年 | 1204篇 |
2005年 | 1076篇 |
2004年 | 874篇 |
2003年 | 843篇 |
2002年 | 647篇 |
2001年 | 565篇 |
2000年 | 484篇 |
1999年 | 296篇 |
1998年 | 211篇 |
1997年 | 218篇 |
1996年 | 129篇 |
1995年 | 104篇 |
1994年 | 94篇 |
1993年 | 74篇 |
1992年 | 71篇 |
1991年 | 51篇 |
1990年 | 43篇 |
1989年 | 46篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
141.
H. -P. Lipp H. Schwegler W. E. Crusio D. P. Wolfer M. -C. Leisinger-Trigona B. Heimrich P. Driscoll 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1989,45(9):845-859
Summary Genetically-defined rodent strains permit the identification of hippocampal traits which are of functional relevance for the performance of two-way avoidance behavior. This is exemplified here by analyzing the relationship between infrapyramidal mossy fibers (a tiny projection terminating upon the basal dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons) and two-way avoidance learning in about 800 animals. The necessary steps include 1) identification of structural traits sensitive to selective breeding for extremes in two-way avoidance, 2) testing the robustness of the associations found by studying individual and genetical correlations between hippocampal traits and behavior, 3) establishing causal relationships by Mendelian crossing of strains with extreme structural traits and studying the behavioral consequences of such structural randomization, 4) confirming causal relationships by manipulating the structural variable in inbred (isogenic) strains, thereby eliminating the possibility of genetic linkage, and 5) ruling out the possibility of spurious associations by studying the correlations between the hippocampal trait and other behaviors known to depend on hippocampal functioning.In comparison with the classical lesion approach for identifying relationships between brain and behavior, the present procedure appears to be superior in two aspects: it is non-invasive, and it focuses automatically on those brain traits which are used by natural selection to shape behaviorally-defined animal populations, i.e., it reveals the natural regulators of behavior. 相似文献
142.
戴宏民 《重庆工商大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,(2)
4 今后发展代木包装的思考及研究我国代木包装虽兴起于七十年代,但在八十年代中期才受到应有的重视和较快的发展,现在在数量、品种、性能上还不能满足各方面包装的需要。随着今后国民经济的进一步发展,必然要求代木包装在数量、质量上要有一个更大的发展。为此,本文在前述对国内外代木包装分析的基础上,兹就今后发展代木包装的目标及方针,任务及规划,对策及措施初步探讨如下。 相似文献
143.
广西油茶(Camellia oleifera)资源丰富,种植历史悠久。广西油茶产业虽然初具规模,但是还存在资源质量不高、产业链条不长、品牌建设滞后等突出问题和薄弱环节,需要进一步加大政策支持力度,推动油茶产业早日成为乡村振兴的支柱产业。 相似文献
144.
香蕉是世界上重要的粮食作物和经济作物。香蕉生产周期短、收益高,其产业已成为广西脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴战略布局中不可多得的成熟产业。广西香蕉产业具有自然条件适宜、区位优势明显、规模化程度高、科技支撑力强等发展优势,但同时也存在着品种单一、病虫害严重、寒害频发、收获期集中、管理水平参差不齐、营销方式落后等问题。近年来广西香蕉产业经历了大起大落的发展阶段,即将迎来平稳发展期,可通过加强总体规划、合理布局,加快新品种新技术研发和市场流通体系建设等措施,不断提高香蕉产业的效益。 相似文献
145.
Summary An ectomycorrhiza, a specialized root organ, is the result of a complex interaction leading to a finely-tuned symbiosis between a plant and a compatible ectomycorrhizal fungus. Ultrastructural observations combined with cytochemical and biochemical studies reveal that structural and metabolic changes in the symbiont cells lead to the final phenotype of the active ectomycorrhiza. In the present review these changes are interpreted as changes in gene expression and discussed within the context of ectomycorrhiza development. Recent genetic data indicate that the continued vegetative growth of the ectomycorrhizal hyphae and the root tissues, and their ability to switch to symbiotic organ formation, is basically controlled by developmentally critical genes. The activity of these symbiotic genes during the differentiation of ectomycorrhizas is associated with extensive changes in the concentration of particular polypeptides and protein biosynthesis. The present state of knowledge about the developmental biology of ectomycorrhizas allows only speculation about the events during their development.Puisant mes forces aux sources des galaxies En buvant la sève des arbres M. Jonasz 相似文献
146.
Summary The biochemical development of the fetal brain in relation to maternal vitamin A restriction was studied in rats. The vitamin A status of pregnant rats was varied by supplying low, medium and adequate amounts (6, 40, and 100 g retinol/day/kg body weight, respectively) of vitamin A during pregnancy and suckling. The maternal vitamin A restriction caused an altered brain development in terms of tissue weight, DNA, RNA and protein levels, and biosynthesis of DNA and protein from [3H]-thymidine and [3H]-leucine, respectively. A dose-dependent effect of maternal vitamin A restriction on the metabolism of DNA, RNA and protein was noticed in the developing fetal brain of rats. 相似文献
147.
Barry Clemson 《Systemic Practice and Action Research》1994,7(6):619-631
The paper compares two opposite strategies for national development: (1) initially optimum policies in the absence of a strong feedback system and (2) initially poor policies with a strong feedback system. The strong feedback system is essentially a real-time information system designed to support national development. A number of principles or guidelines for implementing such a real-time information system are presented. The entire approach is based upon the viable system model of Stafford Beer. 相似文献
148.
巫云仙 《北京联合大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,12(4):47-51
知识经济是与传统的农业经济、工业经济不同的一种新的经济形态,是当今世界经济发展的主要趋势,我国经济发展战略的制定,经济增长方式的根本转变,科教兴国战略以及可持续展战略的实施,都与知识经济密切相关,在当前条件下,我国的社会主义建设将面临着实现工业化和走向知识经济的双重挑战。 相似文献
149.
The development of stamen is an important stage during the sexual reproduction in higher plants. Studying the genes that predominantly
or even specifically expressed in stamens will aid in undestanding the molecular mechanism of stamen development. The structure
of a rice CHS-like gene (D5) which predominantly expressed in anthers has been analysised, showing high structural similarity
with two other anther-specific genes (A1 and BA42) fromBrassica napus. Northern analysis also reveals that the three genes share a similar expression pattern and that the expression of D5 may
relate to the early development of pollens. It is concluded that D5, A1 and BA42 represent a group of diverged CHS-like genes
which are related to stamen development. 相似文献
150.
基于因素敏感性水平的边际油田开发模糊风险分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
李宏伟 《上海交通大学学报》1998,32(7):90-93
海上油田开发投资大时间长,并伴随着相当大的不确定性和风险.尤其是边际油田的开发,其投资风险更不容忽视.分析了海上油田开发的不确定性因素,在敏感性分析的基础上,定义了不确定性参数对评价指标的敏感度.利用模糊风险分析,确定了方案的风险度,对开发方案的风险程度进行了定量分析,为方案的选择提供了决策依据.对某一海上边际油田的开发进行了示例分析,计算结果表明,边际油田的开发具有很高的风险,而投资费用、石油价格以及可采储量的不确定性是引起开发风险的主要因素. 相似文献