发动机瞬态油耗测量系统研制

介绍以W77C32单片机为核心的发动机瞬态油耗测量系统的主要特点、功能、技术指标、硬软件组成，并分析该系统的误差，该系统不仅测量柴油机发动机的瞬诚油耗和转速，而且可定时间或定质量测量发支机的稳态油耗。     

黔西岔河井田龙潭组主采煤层测井曲线对比分析

选择常规数字测井中采用的三侧向视电阻率、伽玛伽玛放射性、自然放射性三种测井曲线,进行贵州岔河矿区龙潭组6、10、16等三层煤层进行对比.利用测井曲线连续性中的突变性和突变组合性规律,对它们进行对比,发现效果显著,为利用地质模型难以精确对比的龙潭组的三层主要煤层,开辟了对比的新思路,为该区煤层开发有着重大的实际意义.     

Somatic variation in micropropagated clones ofCichorium intybus

Summary An experiment aiming to establish whether temporary or persistet somatic variation can arise in clones obtained in vitro by micropropagation has been performed onCichorium intybus. The results point out that persistent modifications of the phenotype can be observed after six cycles of cloning and that when the length of the cloning period is varied these appear to be differential responses of the same genotype to the micropropagation.     

New Trend of Management Science - Managerial Bioengineering System

This article seeks to depict the management science＇s new trend - managerial bioengineering system which is making decisive influence to enterprise management, generalizes the characteristics and categories of managerial gene variation, and brings forward a managerial genome plan with 5-＂All＂： participation of all members, enjoyment of all aspects, accumulation of all time, devotion of all strength and operation of all speed.     

投影距离的概率峰值效应及其在三维目标识别中的应用

在计算机视觉中，由于物体的几何特性随视线的变化而变化，从而给三维目标识别带来了困难．在设计识别算法时，关键是理解目标重要特征的变化，如角度、距离等的变化．在视线方向各向同性条件下，投影角度和距离的概率密度在其原值附近具有峰值效应，即投影角度及距离接近于原角度及距离．利用投影角度的联合概率函数可识别多面体．在已知距离时，为了便于识别目标，导出了投影距离的密度函数．实验结果证明了该方法的有效性．     

一类Baskakov型算子对p次有界变差函数的点态逼近

运用概率论的一些方法和结论以及Abel变换,研究了一类极限为Gamma算子的Baskakov型算子对p次有界变差函数的逼近,得到了对该函数类的点态逼近度估计的逼近定理.     

Parasite community of the golden cownose ray Rhinoptera steindachneri Evermann and Jenkins 1891 (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatidae), in Acapulco Bay,Guerrero, Mexico

The parasite community of the ray Rhinoptera steindachneri from Acapulco Bay was examined and quantified; analyses were based on the sex of the host and the date of sampling. A total of 171 specimens of R. steindachneri were examined during July–August of 2010, and May and July of 2012. Twenty-one species of parasites were found: three species of Monogenea; eight adult and one larval species of Cestoda; one larval species of Nematoda; five species of Copepoda; two species of Isopoda; and one species of Hirudinea. Cestodes had the greatest species richness (43% of the total species), followed by the copepods (24%). Two species of cestode, Glyphobothrium sp. and Rhinebothrium sp., were collected only from adult rays. At the component community level, species richness showed statistically significant variation between 13 and 16 species, which is similar to previous reports for other species of rays. The parasite component communities and infracommunities of R. steindachneri exhibited similar patterns: high species number and low numerical dominance by a particular species of parasite. The differences of body size of male vs. female rays, and a change in diet and feeding behaviour with the age of R. steindachneri, are likely important factors in the structuring of their parasite communities.     

Diet comparison between rainforest and cave populations of Craugastor alfredi (Anura: Craugastoridae): does diet vary in contrasting habitats?

Information about interpopulational variation of diet is important for thoroughly understanding the ecological niche of a species, the possible attributes that have allowed it to live in different habitats and ecosystems (if it is the case) and the degree of dietary specialization. This study compared dietary composition and diversity, size of prey consumed and feeding intensity between two geographically proximate populations of Craugastor alfredi, inhabiting contrasting habitats: one located in a remnant tropical rainforest and the other population located within a cave entrance, in eastern Mexico. A total of 118 frogs (50 from rainforest and 68 from cave) were stomach-flushed and, from those, 86 had at least one prey item (42 from rainforest and 44 from cave). Consumption proportions of orthopterans differed between habitats, with frogs from the cave having higher importance values of this prey than frogs from the rainforest. Additionally, both dietary diversity and feeding intensity were higher in the rainforest population. It was concluded that the generalized diet of C. alfredi, besides the high consumption of orthopterans by the cave population, may have contributed to its success in cave entrances. Nonetheless, other non-feeding attributes like small body size, direct development and semiarboreality may also facilitate the use of rock crevices in caves for foraging and reproduction.     

Reproductive ecology of the glass frog Espadarana prosoblepon (Anura: Centrolenidae) in an urban forest of the Central Andes of Colombia

Population and reproductive behaviour aspects of the glass frog Espadarana prosoblepon are well known for populations from Central America, but similar information is lacking for populations from South America. We recorded the reproductive ecology of a population of the glass frog E. prosoblepon in the city of Armenia, Central Andes of Colombia. With weekly surveys with mark-recapture between December 2013 and November 2015, we monitored activity patterns and evaluated if the probability of males mating is associated to their body size or to chorus tenure (i.e. the number of nights a same individual is calling for attracting a mate). In addition, upon observing an amplexus, we recorded the behaviour of the individuals until oviposition and noted characteristics of egg clutch. We recorded 47 males and 32 females, nine amplexus events, eight ovipositions, and 21 egg clutches (35.4 ± 4.79 eggs per clutch, N = 29). Activity of males and females and the number of egg clutches were positively correlated to rainfall. Mating success of males was not associated to their body size, but it was positively associated to longer chorus tenure; clutches from large females had a higher number of eggs than clutches from small females. Oviposition occurred on average 3.76 ± 1.74 hours after we first observed the amplexus, occurring 93.1% of the time in fronds of Selaginella geniculata at an average height of 1.58 ± 0.44 m. After the oviposition, the male left the site, while the female remained between 30 and 45 min, partially covering the eggs. The reproductive behaviour of E. prosoblepon did not vary widely between a population in Costa Rica and our population in time to oviposition, and mating success of males associated to chorus tenure; however, in our study population we recorded a larger clutch size and the preference for S. geniculata fronds as oviposition substrate.     

Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae,Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae

This paper, which presents an annotated checklist of the ‘lower Nymphalidae’ (Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae, Charaxinae), is the fourth in a series on the butterfly fauna of Mount Kilimanjaro. Four genera of lower Nymphalidae (Danaus, Amauris, Bicyclus, Charaxes), with a total of 11 included species, are known or believed to occur within the main forest zone, from c. 1800 to 2800 m. Of these, only three species of Charaxes (Charaxes berkeleyi, Charaxes ansorgei, Charaxes xiphares) may be restricted locally to this primary forest. The lower slopes fauna, below 1800 m, is considerably richer, with a total of 11 genera and 41 species listed (8 species of which extend into the forest zone). Possible additional species, dubious earlier records, problems with African subspecies of Danaus chrysippus, a need for more work on certain Satyrinae, and classification of the genus Charaxes are discussed. An identification key to the subfamilies of Nymphalidae, and the 19 genera of Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae, Charaxinae that occur in Tanzania, together with a key to the adults of all the species of these four subfamilies considered to occur or have occurred on Kilimanjaro, with 206 colour images, are included as online Supplementary Information.