L-(-)-酒石酸柱撑水滑石的插层组装及超分子结构

用返混沉淀方法实现了L-(-)-酒石酸柱撑水滑石(LDHs)超分子结构手性层柱材料的插层组装, 得到结晶度高、晶相单一,且L-(-)-酒石酸在层间有序排列的超分子结构手性层柱材料.用X射线衍射、红外光谱及差热分析表征了超分子结构手性层柱材料的结构.     

Geochemical study and significance of sequential extraction in reservoir rocks of Turpan-Hamin Basin

Seven samples collected from the Turpan-Hamin Basin were treated by sequential extraction method. Analytical results indicate that the free oils, inclusion oils (oil-bearing fluid inclusions) and clay-adsorbed oils vary significantly. The geochemical characteristics of inclusion and clay-adsorbed oils correlate well with the lacustrine mudstones. The characteristics are as follows: (i) with higher Ph/nC18 ratio and lower Pr/Ph ratio; (ii) with higher values of C26 tricyclic/C24 tetracyclic terpane, C23 tricyclic ter-pane/(C23 tricyclic terpane+C3017α(H) hopane), C21/(C21+C29) sterane, Ts/Tm and C29Ts/C29l7α(H) norhopane and lower value of C19/C21 tricyclic terpane; (iii) with relatively high content of C27 and C28 sterane and lower abundance of C29 sterane and diasterane. They indicate that the early charged oils are derived from the pre-Jurassic lacustrine mudstones and the later charged oils are from the Jurassic coal-bearing strata or coals.     

(2S,4S)-N-叔丁氧羰基-4-氟脯氨酸的合成

为了克服中间体难于分离纯化的缺点,解决季铵盐的去除问题,对多肽及拟肽类药物关键中间体(2S,4S)-N-叔丁氧羰基-4-氟脯氨酸的合成工艺进行了研究。以(2S,4R)-4-羟基脯氨酸为原料,经酯化、氨基保护、羟基活化-氟代-水解反应得到目标化合物。将羟基活化、SN2氟代和酯水解反应采用串联方式,在水解反应后调节pH值的过程中产物从水溶液中析出,经直接过滤得到目的物。对反应条件和参数进行了优化,优化条件如下:酯化反应中,n(氯化亚砜)∶n(底物)=1.2∶1.0;氨基保护反应中,n(二碳酸二叔丁酯)∶n(化合物1)=1.2∶1.0;三氟甲磺酰化反应中,n(三氟甲磺酸酐)∶n(化合物2)=1.1∶1.0,n(吡啶)∶n(化合物2)=1.2∶1.0。结果表明,优化后产物总收率为57.9%,纯度为98.3%,目标化合物结构通过~1H-NMR和~(13)C-NMR得以确证。该方法反应条件温和,操作简单,适合工业化生产。     

不同干燥方法对鲍鱼营养成分的影响

为研究不同干燥方式对鲍鱼中营养成分的影响,采用自然晾晒、热风干燥和微波真空干燥的方式,研究干制鲍鱼中多糖、总糖、胶原蛋白以及氨基酸含量的变化情况。结果表明,自然晾晒的鲍鱼中多糖和总糖含量显著高于热风干燥及微波真空干燥,而胶原蛋白及氨基酸含量则显著低于其余2种干燥方法。其中胶原蛋白含量以微波真空干燥的方式最佳,但同热风干燥间相差不大;氨基酸含量以热风干燥方式最佳。综合整体实验结果,热风干燥及微波真空干燥优于自然晾晒,且有利于工业化生产加工。     

磺化MCM-41介孔固体酸的合成、表征及其催化乙酰丙酸乙酯化性能

以硅酸乙酯为硅源、十六烷基溴化铵为模板剂,室温常压下便捷地合成了MCM-41介孔分子筛,进而以硫酸为磺化剂,不同水热条件下制得系列磺化介孔固体酸MCM-41-SO3H.利用TG、XRD、FT-IR、TEM-EDX等手段对所得材料进行了表征.采用碱滴定法测定其酸密度,并且以乙酰丙酸乙酯化反应为探针反应,评价其催化性能.结果表明,尽管水热磺化处理在一定程度上降低了MCM-41的介孔规整性,所制备的MCM-41-SO3H介孔固体酸仍较好地保持了MCM-41的介孔结构;水热时间和温度影响其酸密度,进而影响催化活性,其中磺化温度180℃、磺化时间21h制得的催化剂活性最高,乙酰丙酸转化率达到74.4%,并显示出较好的循环稳定性能.     

碳纳米管对聚苯乙烯分子运动的影响

利用DSC、流变仪和能量损耗仪等测试仪器,系统研究了碳纳米管加入到聚苯乙烯基体中后对不同长度聚苯乙烯分子链运动的影响.结果表明,碳纳米管加入到聚苯乙烯中后对聚苯乙烯的玻璃转变和液-液转变都产生了影响.碳纳米管的加入引起自由体积的增加只在一个很小的范围内影响了分子链段的运动,当质量分数为0.1%的碳纳米管加入时,链段运动速度增加,玻璃转变温度明显向低温方向移动;而由于范德华力的存在,高分子链会在碳纳米管表面选择吸附,从而使得整链运动时,参与运动的链单元尺寸降低,所以造成了整链运动时链间的耦合降低了.     

Template/surfactant free and UV light irradiation assisted fabrication of Mn-Co oxides composite nanorings: Structure and synthesis mechanism

A facile, green, cost effective, and template or surfactant free strategy via a two-step route i.e. UV irradiation followed by dissolution-growth for the controlled synthesis of Mn-Co composite nanorings at room temperature was proposed. The nanorings structures and the process were systematically studied via TEM, HRTEM, EDX and XRD. Bir-MnO_2 nanosheets first formed through the direct photolysis of KMnO_4 under UV light irradiation. This was followed by a dissolution-growth process via the dissolution of Bir-MnO_2 nanosheets by the generated H~+ from the redox reaction between the added Co(NO_3)_2 and residual KMnO_4, as well as the accompanied formation of CoOOH, and Mn-Co composite nanorings. It was found that a balance between the dissolution and growth rate was needed. Suitable pH, KMnO_4 presence and the starting nanosheets like Bir-MnO_2 were the key factors for the formation of nanorings. The obtained Mn-Co nanorings/TiO_2 showed enhanced efficiency for the catalytic oxidation of HCHO. Based on the above understandings, it is believed that the developed dissolution-growth method can be adopted for the designing and preparation of other Mn-Co composite nanostructures which can be further applied for environmental pollution remediation.     

G-调和函数增长性及其在二相自由边界问题上的应用

研究了G-调和函数的增长性,给出其在二相空腔与射流问题上关于极小化子增长性的应用.     

本土化视域下影视字幕翻译策略研究

字幕翻译应通过对源语信息进行浓缩、简化、省略等减译处理,给观众提供通俗易懂、简洁流畅且符合人物个性的字幕语言,让观众迅速准确地明白剧情。翻译的难度在于文化信息的转换,翻译时应尽力保留源语独特的表达方法,诸如词语、比喻、典故、人名等应直译,以体现源语及其文化的瑰丽;不得已时,再采用意译,以达到与源语功能的对等。意译时,可采用适度的娱乐化改写或本土化策略。     

公共图书馆“免费开放”相关问题探究

在对公共图书馆收费项目性质进行系统分析的基础上,论述了"免费开放"的范围与程度,对免费开放后如何在保证公益性的前提下弥补经费不足的问题进行了探讨,强调了免费开放后应对国家、地方财政的资金投入制定切实可行的绩效评价机制。