秦岭南坡蝶类区系研究

记录了陕西省洋县地区所辖秦岭南坡大熊猫保护区内的蝶类191种,并对其中179种的垂直分布与区系进行了分析。其区系成分中东洋、古北种混杂,东洋种占一定优势,这与秦岭的地理位置相一致。秦岭对东洋种的阻隔作用大于对古北种的作用。中山地带(800～2600m)即暖温带落叶阔叶林和中山针阔叶混交林带环境状况良好,气候条件优越,受人为干扰少,因而物种丰富、多样性较大。研究地区具有很高的保护价值。     

徐深气田盖储压力配置类型与天然气聚集

通过气藏盖层排替压力与储层剩余压力特征研究,对徐深气田盖储压力配置类型及与储量丰度关系进行了研究,得到盖高储低压力配置类型最有利于天然气富集,其次是盖高储低压力配置类型和较强聚弱散配置类型,徐深气田19个气藏盖储压力配置类型有5种,以盖高储较高压力配置类型最多,盖高储中压力配置类型次之。徐深气田19个气藏以中等储量丰度的气藏个数最多,高、低储量丰度的气藏个数相对较少。盖高储中压力配置和盖较高储中压力配置类型是徐深气田形成高储量丰度气藏的主要盖储压力配置类型。     

渤海A油田馆陶组低阻油层成因机理研究及流体性质识别新方法

低阻油层作为一种非常规、隐蔽性强的特殊油层,勘探潜力巨大。研究区低阻油层的形成受多重因素的影响,测井响应特征在油水层的对比度较低,造成测井解释困难。为此,首先从宏观和微观两个方面深入分析低阻油层的成因机理;其次,将测井、气测录井以及生产开发资料相结合,针对研究区气测烃组分数据的特点,改进了含油气丰度计算方法用以定量识别低阻油层。结果表明：弱水动力环境和压实作用是低阻油层的宏观成因,孔隙结构复杂导致的高束缚水饱和度是普遍微观成因,天然淡水水淹成藏模式导致的油水层矿化度差异是主控成因。改进的含油气丰度能够有效定量的识别研究区低阻油层,解释符合率达到84.7%,可以为渤海A油田低阻油层的挖潜工作提供定量依据。     

Altitudinal patterns of abundances and parasitism in frugivorous drosophilids in west Java,Indonesia

Abundances and parasitism rates of frugivorous drosophilid flies were studied in three localities at altitudes of 250–1350 m in and near Bogor, Indonesia. The drosophilid and parasitoid species were classified into four groups: low-altitude species, high-altitude species, species abundant at a mid-altitude location and species occurring rather evenly from low to high locations. The ananassae and immigrans species groups were major drosophilids collected. All species of the ananassae species group were more abundant at lower altitudes, and the parasitism rate in this species group decreased with increasing altitude. Thus, the host abundance seems to affect the parasitism rate. On the other hand, the rate of parasitism in the immigrans species group showed no apparent relation with altitude or density, possibly due to the fact that species of this species group varied in altitudinal distribution. It is also suggested that the diversity of drosophilid species affects the composition of parasitoid species.     

Rediscovery,natural history,and conservation status of Idiocranium russeli Parker, 1936 (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Indotyphlidae)

The indotyphlid caecilian amphibian Idiocranium russeli Parker, 1936 is the only nominal species in its genus. Apart from two additional, largely overlooked locality records that we consider to be of an undescribed species, I. russeli is known with certainty from only a single collection of c.50 specimens from a single locality in 1933. We report new material from fieldwork in 2012 carried out in the vicinity of the type locality. Digging surveys at 34 sites for a total of >2000 person minutes found 50 I. russeli at 15 of these sites, extending the known range of the species by more than 40 km south and from an elevation of c.670 m to 104–820 m. The species probably occurs in nearby Nigeria and in some protected areas, is tolerant of some human disturbance, and is likely to move from Data Deficient to Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. Males have relatively longer and wider heads than females. Total length measured for preserved specimens is less than for freshly anaesthetized specimens, by up to 14.1%. Previously, preserved I. russeli were reported as having a maximum length of 114 mm, but the new sample includes specimens with total lengths of 145 mm in preservation and 167 mm when fresh. The sex of the smallest independent specimens (total length 62 mm in preservation) could be determined from examination of the gonads, hatchlings are c.30 mm, and I. russeli is confirmed as one of the smallest known caecilian species.     

广西钦州湾浮游植物群落结构特征

在广西钦州湾海域设置15个调查站位,分别于2010年5月（春季）、8月（夏季）、11月（秋季）和2011年2月（冬季）采集表层海水,用Shannon—Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数分析该海域浮游植物种类组成、优势种类、丰度的变化以及群落多样性等群落结构特征。共鉴定浮游植物79属193种（包括变型和变种）,隶属于6个门,硅藻种类最多,共48属149种,占总种类的77．2％,其种数和丰度都占绝对优势,平均丰度为10．47×10^4cells／L;其次为甲藻,16属28种,占总种类的14．5％,平均丰度为0．46×10^4cells／L。浮游植物丰度0．49×10^4～67．74×10^4cells／L,平均值为11．94×10^4cells／L,丰度变化为典型双峰型,春秋季高,夏冬季低。调查期间共出现10种优势种,不同季节优势种既有交叉又有演替。浮游植物群落的多样性指数冬季最高,春季最低。     

古交地区煤层气地质条件及资源潜力分析

基于煤层气井实测含气量测试、镜下观察、等温吸附实验等手段,对古交地区煤储层煤岩煤质、显微裂隙、渗透率、含气性等进行了分析。结合煤层气资源丰度平面分布特征,探讨了该区煤层气基础地质条件及其资源潜力。研究表明:古交地区煤层经深成变质和岩浆热源叠加变质作用演变为现今的中高煤级焦煤、廋煤和贫煤,煤储层显微裂隙较为发育,渗透率在(0.01~0.15)×10-3μm2之间;储层压力梯度处于0.38~0.65 MPa/100 m,含气饱和度介于53.1%96.5%之间,属于欠压欠饱和煤层气藏;煤层周围致密的泥质岩层使得煤层气具有良好的保存条件,后期受东南部祁县隐伏侵入岩体以及西部狐偃山岩浆岩体的影响,二次生烃作用使得煤层含气量普遍较高,煤层平均含气量在9.8 m3/t;该区煤层气资源丰度分布在狮子沟#马兰向斜中南段和杜尔坪断裂带周围存在两个资源丰度富集区,具有较好的勘探开发前景。     

四川里伍铜矿的钍、铀、钾丰度关系

四川九龙里伍铜矿是一个与火山活动密切相关的复杂成因的铜矿床。该文利用地面γ能谱测量的钍、铀、钾含量数据，经研究得出：在铜矿化及变质作用之前，其沉积源区岩石（二元混合成因）中钍针、铀、钾的含量和比值遵循分式线性函数定律，铜矿的成矿作用（分离作用）遵循幂函数定律。     

Grasshopper diversity and abundance in relation to elevation and vegetation from a snapshot in Mediterranean Anatolia: role of latitudinal position in altitudinal differences

Previously described patterns of altitudinal differences in species diversity and abundance still need to be tested in respect of generality across lineages and regions. Grasshopper diversity and abundance of an altitudinal transect in the eastern Mediterranean were studied to test the generality of these patterns. To identify the reasons underlying altitudinal differences, vegetation of the study area was studied. Our data show that species diversity and abundance are highest at middle altitudes and lower at high and low altitudes for grasshoppers. This pattern is consistent with that found in many arthropod groups, but it is not consistent with the pattern reported for Orthoptera in previous studies. A cluster analysis based on the grasshopper diversity and abundance identified three distinct altitudinal zones. Possible reasons for these distinct zones were the altitudinal differences in plant composition, the precipitous nature near the summits, urbanization and grazing livestock, and the latitudinal position of the study area.     

全岩显微组分统计方法及应用

本文对实验室全岩显微组分统计方法及应用进行了讨论。提出全岩有机质类型和丰度评价标准,能有效地评价烃源岩的优劣,并可划分出全岩有机质类型。与干酪根镜检方法相比较,具有明显的优越性,能提供更丰富的信息,而且分析速度快、节省成本、直观。