Mating behaviour and maternal care in the tropical savanna funnel-web spider Aglaoctenus lagotis Holmberg (Araneae: Lycosidae)

Despite their abundance and diversity, Neotropical spiders have been the subject of relatively few studies of behavioural ecology. The sexual behaviour and maternal care of the spider Aglaoctenus lagotis (Lycosidae) is described here. We performed experimental manipulations to test the hypothesis that males are attracted by female cues in the web. Two predictions were tested: (a) webs used by a virgin female will attract more males than webs used by an inseminated female; (b) the main cue in the web is chemical, so webs recently used by virgin females will attract more males than those that are not recently used. Additionally, we tested the hypothesis that maternal care increases offspring survivorship. Results showed that males are attracted by recently used webs (z = 0.0015; p = 0.037; z-test) and webs of virgin females (z = 0.041; p = 0.036, z-test). Male sexual behaviour presented three different categories: court, pre-mate and mate. After the mating, the females built a cocoon that was transported adhered to the spinnerets and held by the last pair of legs. After the hatching of the eggs, the young migrated to the dorsal region of the mother's body for 5 days. During maternal care the mother eliminates a yellowish drop from its oral cavity, which is collected by the young. During the development of the young until adulthood, the offspring that have their mother present in the first stages of life have greater survival compared with those without maternal care. Our results make it possible to perform comparative analyses between a South American Lycosidae species and other species distributed worldwide.     

Species of the genera Bakera and Mangganeura (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Typhlocybinae) occurring on mango and other crop plants in the Oriental region

The genera Bakera (Bakera), Bakera (Guinobata) and Mangganeura (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Typhlocybinae) are re-described and compared. Sandalla is considered a synonym of Bakera (Guinobata) (syn. nov.).

Bakera (Bakera) nigrobilineata (Melichar) (=vittata Mahmood) is redescribed and illustrated from mango in the Philippines, on which it is frequently abundant, and found in association with Bakera (Bakera) luzonica sp. nov. which is described. Bakera (Bakera) abaca sp. nov. is described from the Philippines having been collected on abaca (Manila hemp). Bakera (Guinobata) nigroscuta Mahmood is redescribed from the Philippines and its association with coconut confirmed. Mangganeura reticulata Ghauri, described from Malaysia on mango, has been found in Thailand and the hitherto unknown female is described.     

媒体负面报道对公司股价影响的研究:来自白酒塑化剂事件的证据

金融学理论认为,资本价格会因意外重要事件的冲击而发生变化.过去许多文献讨论过股票价格与媒体报道这一外部冲击之间是否存在显著关系,但是,这些研究所得结论并不尽一致.基于此,本文以白酒塑化剂事件为例,分析塑化剂曝光新闻数量对白酒公司股价的影响.研究表明,塑化剂曝光在较长时间内影响了白酒板块的股价,但是曝光事件对各个公司股价影响的程度不一.此外,研究还发现,中央反腐抑制了白酒板块的股价.     

基于SD-SEM模型的消费者食品安全风险感知的信息搜寻行为

本文利用系统动力学模型和结构方程模型来研究消费者食品安全风险感知和消费者信息搜寻行为之间的关系,在总结消费者食品安全风险感知和消费者食品安全信息搜寻行为研究文献的基础上,利用结构方程确定消费者食品安全风险感知的影响因素及其之间的路径系数,进而建立系统动力学模型模拟信息搜寻行为对消费者食品安全风险感知的影响,以提出降低消费者食品安全风险感知的建议.     

基于食品安全事件异质性的信息扩散过程研究

针对企业在食品安全事件中承担的责任不同,研究不同类型食品安全事件下的信息扩散过程,对政府和企业的食品安全应急管理和风险信息交流具有重要意义.本文首先构建了食品安全信息扩散的修正Bass模型,分析可辩解型食品安全事件下的负面信息扩散过程;然后,运用改进的社会影响模型分析了不可辩解型食品安全事件下的负面信息扩散过程;最后,运用顶新"馊水油"视频事件的互联网搜索数据进行实证分析.研究表明,可辩解型食品安全危机中的信息扩散达到动态稳定状态时,信任与不信任的消费者比例与正负信息的相互渗透率有关.在不可辩解型食品安全危机中,消费者对负面信息的免疫力越弱,越容易对食品企业和政府行为产生不信任,并改变消费决策,信息扩散速率和临界值的分布影响动态均衡的实现过程.     

Natural sweet macromolecules: how sweet proteins work

A few proteins, discovered mainly in tropical fruits, have a distinct sweet taste. These proteins have played an important role towards a molecular understanding of the mechanisms of taste. Owing to the huge difference in size, between most sweeteners and sweet proteins, it was believed that they must interact with a different receptor from that of small molecular weight sweeteners. Recent modelling studies have shown that the single sweet taste receptor has multiple active sites and that the mechanism of interaction of sweet proteins is intrinsically different from that of small sweeteners. Small molecular weight sweeteners occupy small receptor cavities inside two subdomains of the receptor, whereas sweet proteins can interact with the sweet receptor according to a mechanism called the ‘wedge model’ in which they bind to a large external cavity. This review describes these mechanisms and outlines a history of sweet proteins. Received 11 February 2006; received after revision 31 March 2006; accepted 11 May 2006     

基于文本的图像检索与基于内容的图像检索技术的比较研究

随着互联网的快速发展及各种数字化设备的普及,现代数字社会中的图像信息的数量在迅猛增长,图像信息的检索技术的研究得到了越来越多的关注.本文介绍了基于文本的图像检索技术与基于内容的图像检索技术,比较研究了这两种技术的不同的特点,指出综合运用TBIR和CBIR共同检索Web图像.     

可持续发展的食品体系及绿色消费体系构建研究

构建可持续发展的区域食品体系,是促进我国可持续发展的现实选择。它不仅能促进区域经济繁荣和区域自然资源的保持,缩短食品流通距离,降低流通成本,而且还可以创造更多的就业机会来提高农民的收益。建立可持续发展的区域食品体系,关键在于持续生产模式、健康消费模式和食品安全保证体系及绿色销售渠道的构建。     

一类食物链模型的周期解

讨论了一类复杂食物链模型的全局性质,应用Gaines-Mawhin's叠合度理论,得到了该类食物链模型正周期解全局存在的充分条件.     

基于X3D不规则圆柱体构造算法研究与实现

目前,多边形表面模型是最常用的一种三维几何模型表示方法.然而这种复杂的三维几何模型经常超过了系统的处理能力,既占据大量的存储空间,也不利于互联网传输.针对这一缺陷,文章提供一种使用X3D的Indexed Triangle Strip Set节点构造不规则圆柱体模型的方法.不规则圆柱体采用层数及每一层半径表示方法,并结合曲面精度一同拟合3D几何面.此方法具有模型构建精度高的特点.