恒热流加热时半无限大区域内熔化问题的分析解

应用正则摄动方法研究了恒热流加热时半无限大区域内熔化问题,得到了一种近似分析解,所得结果对工程设计具有实用价值。     

建筑物多室火灾过程的计算机模拟

应用场模拟和区域模拟相结合的方法来研究建筑物多室火灾过程，是计算机模拟多室火灾过程的一种新方法．这种新方法的主要思想是用场模拟的方法模拟着火房间，对于与着火房间相连的非着火房间，则采用区域模拟的方法．本文正是基于场区模拟这种新方法对双室火灾过程进行数值模拟．     

广西热带北界的确定

热带北界的划分实质上是地球表面地理系统中自然区域（地带）的划分，所采用的区划指标必须全面地反映自然区域的综合性、整体性和渐变性特征。本文运用详尽的景观观测资料，分析了广西自然植被、农业景观、土壤等典型景观的空间变化，确定出热带具体北界：东起梧州浔江谷地北缘，沿大瑶山东南部，经莲花山、大明山、武鸣盆地北缘山地，向西接右江和红水河分水岭，到田林一带与金钟山（云贵高原）相连。     

堆山工程软土地基Biot固结的非线性有限元分析

本文在文献[1]、[2]给出的软土地基Biot固结的有限元构式及程序基础上,对某大型堆山工程分级加荷施工过程中,软土地基的固结变形,附加应力及超孔隙水压力分布,塑性区的开展等进行了弹性非线性有限元的计算分析,得出了在理论和工程应用上一些有意义的结论。本文的计算方法和结果,可供工程技术人员在类似工程的初步设计时借鉴和参考。有些内容尚可进一步研究和探讨。     

武汉市发展新的经济增长带的系统思考

就构建武汉市新的经济增长带的系统观及系统支撑体系加以讨论 ,充分说明了区域经济建设与发展中的系统性和层次性、协同性及动态性     

男高音的歌唱技巧训练

文中包含了嗓音的分类和中低声区、换声区的训练方法。着重阐述了关于声区划分和声区统一及气息的运用。指出,低、中、高三个声区融会贯通是唱好男高音之根本。而发声器官之间的协调是其关键因素。还提到声乐艺术中,气息的运用非常重要。并对如何消除声区“痕迹”的方法提出了个人的意见。     

Hume-Rothery相形成的金属能带理论分析

本文应用金属能带理论对Hume－Rothery相形成过程进行了分析讨论，结果表明：Hume－Rothery相是不同晶体结构的第I布里渊区在与费米面接触时形成的，此时将发生能量的陡变，导致电子浓度的改变．同时也表明了合金结构的变化是服从费米能最低原理的．     

CaO颗粒脱硫反应动力区最大粒径的实验研究

为了最大限度地降低CaO颗粒表面的脱硫产物层对二氧化硫以及氧气分子扩散过程的负面影响,用TGA-2100热重分析仪对3种自制钙基脱硫剂颗粒的脱硫反应过程进行了系列实验研究.实验结果表明 当脱硫反应温度为800 ℃时,经过水合反应的脱硫剂的动力区直径达到最大值77～150 nm; 分析纯CaO和工业级石灰的动力区直径在900 ℃达到最大值; 在反应温度和颗粒直径相同的条件下,工业级石灰的动力区直径大于分析纯CaO的动力区直径.     

Regulation of BMP4 on the proliferation and differentiation in SVZa neural stem cells

The neural stem cells in the anterior subventricular zone (SVZa) mainly generate the progenitors that will differentiate into neurons, and along a highly circumscribed migratory access Rostral migratory stream (RMS), they migrate to the olfactory bulbs (OB). To understand the effects of BMPs on SVZa neural stem cells, in this study BMP4 at various concentrations was used to induce SVZa neural stem cells, and the living cell labeling using BMP4 promotor conjugated with red fluorescence protein showed the expression of BMP4 dynamically. The results demonstrated that low BMP4 doses (1-5 ng/mL) promoted while high doses (10-100 ng/mL) inhibited the proliferation of SVZa neural stem cells, and BMP4 promotedneuron differentiation in the early stage (1-3 d), howeverm, it inhibited the neuron commitment after 4 d. Noggin, the antagonist of BMP4, blocked the physiological effects of BMP4. In OB, BMP4 is mainly to accelerate the progenitors to withdraw from the cell cycle and trigger the differentiation, and in RMS, it promotes the proliferation of committed progenitors and not differentiation, further in SVZa, BMP4 enhances astrocyte commitment.     

Role of <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-linked polymannose oligosaccharides in targeting glycoproteins for endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation

Misfolded or incompletely assembled multisubunit glycoproteins undergo endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) regulated in large measure by their N-linked polymannose oligosaccharides. In this quality control system lectin interaction with Glc₃Man₉GlcNAc₂ glycans after trimming with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) -glucosidases and -mannosidases sorts out persistently unfolded glycoproteins for N-deglycosylation and proteolytic degradation. Monoglucosylated (Glc₁Man₉GlcNAc₂) glycoproteins take part in the calnexin/calreticulin glucosylation-deglucosylation cycle, while the Man₈GlcNAc₂ isomer B product of ER mannosidase I interacts with EDEM. Proteasomal degradation requires retrotranslocation into the cytosol through a Sec61 channel and deglycosylation by peptide: N-glycosidase (PNGase); in alternate models both PNGase and proteasomes may be either free in the cytosol or ER membrane-imbedded/attached. Numerous proteins appear to undergo nonproteasomal degradation in which deglycosylation and proteolysis take place in the ER lumen. The released free oligosaccharides (OS) are transported to the cytosol as OS-GlcNAc₂ along with similar components produced by the hydrolytic action of the oligosaccharyltransferase, where they together with OS from the proteasomal pathway are trimmed to Man₅GlcNAc₁ by the action of cytosolic endo--N-acetylglucosaminidase and -mannosidase before entering the lysosomes. Some misfolded glycoproteins can recycle between the ER, intermediate and Golgi compartments, where they are further processed before ERAD. Moreover, properly folded glycoproteins with mannose-trimmed glycans can be deglucosylated in the Golgi by endomannosidase, thereby releasing calreticulin and permitting formation of complex OS. A number of regulatory controls have been described, including the glucosidase-glucosyltransferase shuttle, which controls the level of Glc₃Man₉GlcNAc₂-P-P-Dol, and the unfolded protein response, which enhances synthesis of components of the quality control system.Received 26 January 2004; accepted 25 February 2004