聚集诱导发光分子在生物检测领域的应用

聚集诱导发光(AIE)是指一类荧光生色团在溶液状态下微弱发光甚至不发光,而在固态或聚集状态下荧光显著增强的一种光物理现象.具有AIE特性的分子作为荧光探针在生物检测领域有着传统荧光探针分子不能比拟的优点.一方面可以使更多的AIE探针分子结合到生物大分子上获得高亮度的荧光,而不必担心像传统的荧光分子那样发生聚集导致的荧光猝灭,这为荧光检测提供了便利.另一方面,在聚集后发生的荧光急剧变亮的特性可以作为荧光放大检测的定量依据.本文展示一些有代表性的具有AIE特性的分子,重点介绍其在蛋白质、DNA、G4、手性有机胺等生物分子检测中的应用,阐明AIE荧光探针的工作原理和特点,并对AIE荧光探针的设计与应用给予展望.     

含噻二唑基的杯[4]芳烃衍生物的合成及其对Mn~(2+)的选择性识别

以对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃为原料,通过傅氏去烷基化及亲核取代等多步反应,成功地将噻二唑结构单元引入到杯芳烃的下缘,得到下缘二取代的杯[4]芳烃衍生物25,27-二[2-(5-甲基噻二唑基)硫代乙氧基]-26,28-二羟基杯[4]芳烃(化合物D),并通过1H NMR,IR对该化合物的结构进行了表征.借助荧光光谱初步进行了该化合物对重金属离子的选择性识别性能的测试,发现在所有受试离子中只有Mn2+可以使化合物D位于410 nm的荧光吸收增强,即化合物D可以选择性识别Mn2+.     

绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因在短小芽孢杆菌中的组成型表达

采用PCR技术,亚克隆来自短小芽孢杆菌总基因组中的启动子活性片段F1,构建了一个大肠杆菌-短小芽孢杆菌穿梭表达载体pHY300-F1gfp,以缺失启动子的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因为报告基因,检测了该片段在短小芽孢杆菌DX01菌株中的启动活性,在荧光显微镜下,观察到了明亮的绿色荧光,证实活性片段F1具有组成型启动子的功能,GFP基因在短小芽孢杆菌中实现了组成型表达．     

Highly sensitive biosensors based on water-soluble conjugated polymers

Conjugated, conductive polymers are a kind of important organic macromolecules, which has found applications in a variety of areas. The application of conjugated polymers in developing fluorescent biosensors represents the merge of polymer sciences and biological sciences. Conjugated polymers are very good light harvesters as well as fluorescent polymers, and they are also “molecular wires”.Through elaborate designs, these important features, i.e.efficient light harvesting and electron/energy transfer, can be used as signal amplification in fluorescent biosensors. This might significantly improve the sensitivity of conjugated polymer-based biosensors. In this article, we reviewed the application of conjugated polymers, via either electron transfer or energy transfer, to detections of gene targets, antibodies or enzymes. We also reviewed recent efforts in conjugated polymer-based solid-state sensor designs as well as chip-based multiple target detection. Possible directions in this conjugated polymer-based biosensor area are also discussed.     

Primary investigation on GISH-NOR in cotton

Six loci of nucleolar organizer region (NOR) were detected in genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) of cotton (Gossypium). NOR was the characteristic of 45S rDNA but could be generated by genomic DNA (gDNA) extracted from Gossypium species as probe. With twice FISH to the same mitotic cell of G herbaceum or G hirsutum, number, position and size for NORs generated from 45S rDNA and gDNA were identified largely similar or even the same. The NORs with gDNA as probe were therefore permanently defined as GISH-NORs. GISH-NORs from G hirsutum and Graimondii mitotic images were all terminal types. Four and two GISH-NORs from G herbaceum (var. africanum) were terminal and centromere types, respectively. Six GISH-NORs in G hirsutum were chromosome mapped with two in A- and four in D-subgenomes. There were also GISH-NORs in mitotic image of G raimondii with its own gDNA as probe. From mitotic image of G herbaceum with its own gDNA as probe, GISH-NOR could not be observed but non-wholerecovery of hybridized signals was distinguished. These non-whole-recovery of hybridized signals were detected on long arm terminals of most chromosomes and especially existed in nearly half long arm of a pair of chromosomes in Gherbaceum gDNA probed itself GISH image, which may be possibly induced by low copy genes within the regions rather than inter-subgenomic segment translocations. GISH-NORs in G hirsutum mitotic images were dominantly observed when gDNAs from D and A genome species were used as probes and block, respectively, but not when the reverse probe and block gDNA from the two diploid progenitor genomes were designed. There may be two speculations to this special phenomenon: rDNA concerted evolution; content of rDNA in genome D more than genome A.     

关于m次剩余数的两个渐近公式

利用Riemann-zeta函数的估计及其解析方法研究了m次剩余数的一些渐近性质，得到了两个有趣的渐近公式.     

微生物法在检测牛奶中氯霉素残留的应用

用微生物法检测牛奶中氯霉素的残留,根据氯霉素对微生物的生理机能、代谢的抑制作用,来定性和定量检测牛奶中氯霉素的残留量．快速检测试纸法操作简单、速度快且重复性较好,适用于大量样品的残留检测;棉签法和发酵法费用小,但耗时长、重复性差、灵敏度低,只适用于氯霉素残留的定性检测．     

荧光标记磺酸基强聚电解质的合成

为了考察聚电解质溶剂化层的变化,合成了发色团分别为５－（Ｎ,Ｎ－二甲胺基）－１－萘磺酰基（ｄａｎｓｙｌ）和芘（ｐｙｒｅｎｙｌ）基的两种单体。将它们分别与２－丙烯酰胺基－２－甲基丙磺酸（ＡＭＰＳ）、Ｎ,Ｎ－二基丙烯酰胺（ＤＭＡＡ）共聚,得到了ｄａｎｓｙｌ单体摩尔分数为０．００２或ｐｙｒｅｎｙｌ单体摩尔分数为０．００１、ＡＭＰＳ摩尔分数为０．０３－０．９０的两个系列的荧光标记强聚电解质。水溶液的荧光光     

转MT工程菌的构建及其对重金属的抗性研究

利用重叠延伸PCR技术克隆金属硫蛋白(MT)和绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因片段,并将两基因融合连接构建重组表达载体,采用氯化锂法转化毕赤酵母,获得工程菌株.荧光显微镜观察发现,工程菌在蓝光激发下发出绿色荧光,说明GFP基因被正确表达.在培养基中加入一定浓度的铜(1.0 mmol/L,1.5 mmol/L)、铬(150 μmol/L,200 μmol/L)、镉(120 μmol/L,140 μmol/L)、砷(40 μmol/L,60 μmol/L)化合物后,对照菌生长抑制,转基因菌株长势明显好于对照菌,表现出对金属离子的耐受性,说明工程菌过表达MT能够增强宿主对重金属离子的耐受性,提高菌株耐污能力,在微生物法净化重金属废水中具有一定优势.     

肌动蛋白在子代杆状病毒胞内运输过程中的作用

重组病毒AcMNPV-GFP-actin(ph-)能在晚期和极晚期成功表达外源肌动蛋白,其生长特性与野生型AcMNPV没有明显的差别.在重组病毒同步感染的Sf9细胞中,肌动蛋白从细胞质转运到细胞核内,然后又向细胞质转运并且发生聚合;到感染极晚期从细胞核全部转运到细胞质,此时受染细胞核中进行正常的病毒粒子的组装.用CD处理重组病毒感染的细胞并不能阻止肌动蛋白在细胞内转运的变化规律,只是推迟了变化出现的时间,并使肌动蛋白发生聚合.