用扰动方程研究可压缩边界层中扰动的演化

本文对传统的可压缩流动中的通量分裂方法进行了修正，使其可以用于扰动方程的计算。利用这一方法，对来流马赫数Ma为4．5、雷诺数Re为10^5的可压缩平板边界层中扰动的演化进行了数值模拟。对于给定的基本流，在计算域入口加入T-S波扰动，研究扰动的空间发展演化。对于小幅值的扰动，计算得到的扰动幅值演化和扰动法向分布与线性稳定性理论的结果符合的很好。对于有限幅值的扰动，结果表明，各次谐波无论幅值还是扰动分布都与完整的Navier-Stocks方程计算的结果符合的很好，但由扰动方程得到的平均流修正比N-S方程得到的大一些，这也许是由于在N-S方程计算时，基本流与零阶谐波一起计算而产生的误差所至。     

卫生洁具形成虹吸现象的VOF模型判定方法

利用标准k-ε湍流模型,闭合非定常气、液多相流的N-S方程,采用有限体积法和非结构化网格,数值模拟了虹吸式卫生洁具冲水流道的三维流动,由残余污水的测试实验验证了该数学模型的正确性。对排污管的驼峰顶断面的气、液两相的体积分数积分数进行了定量计算,获得了其虹吸现象形成的数值判据。对卫生洁具流道形成虹吸现象的水力特性实现了预测,为虹吸式卫生洁具的出水流道水力设计优化提供了理论依据。     

粘性颗粒剪切流垂向分选实验研究

本文利用剪切室研究了粘性颗粒剪切条件下的流动和分选情况,并针对实验现象和结果展开分析和讨论.实验结果表明,相比干颗粒而言,粘性颗粒相互黏结得更紧密,颗粒的流动性减弱,颗粒在流动过程中的浓度分布、应力状况以及分选均会受颗粒流动性减弱的影响.     

柴油流动改进剂对柴油中蜡晶形态的影响

采用偏光显微镜研究了自行研制的AVM系列柴油流动改进剂对蜡晶形态的影响.结果表明,柴油流动性改进剂的加入,使柴油中的蜡晶变短变小,阻碍蜡晶相互连接搭桥成网.柴油流动性改进剂的加入量根据柴油组成不同,都应有一个最佳点.对于不同柴油,柴油流动性改进剂中各组成存在一个最佳配比,这一配比下的产物降滤效果最好,微观表现对蜡晶的改善也最明显.大量的数据表明,柴油的蜡晶变化图像与实测的数据相吻合.     

Luminol-H2O2化学发光法测定司帕沙星

基于在碱性介质中,司帕沙星对Luminol-H2O2化学发光体系有较强的增敏作用,建立了司帕沙星的流动注射化学发光分析法.结果表明:司帕沙星浓度在9.0×10-12~7.6×10-8mol/L范围内,线性关系良好,检出限为4.8×10-12mol/L(n=11).本方法快捷、简便,且具有很高的灵敏度,用于司帕沙星片剂中司帕沙星含量的测定,回收率在96.8%~114.5%之间,结果满意.     

Molecular dynamics simulation and continuum modelling of granular surface flow in rotating drums

Numerical simulations of granular flows in rotating drums operated at medium to high rates (Fr=0.1― 0.2) have been carried out by using a Molecular Dynamics (MD) algorithm that incorporates inelastic particle interactions, sliding friction and rolling friction. The results indicate that the behavior of granular flow in rotating drums can be classified into two distinct zones: a shear active layer at the bed surface and a quasi-static plug flow region adjacent to the wall. The residence time of a tracer particle in the active layer is approximately a third or a half of that in the plug flow region. The thickness of the active layer at mid-chord is about 0.57―0.61 times that of the plug flow region. It is found that all cases simulated in this work are in the rolling-cascading intermediate regime instead of the pure rolling re-gime. The simulated tangential velocity at the mid-chord is also compared with experimental results reported in the literature and good agreement has been obtained. Based on the MD simulations and experimental results, a continuum approach has also been developed. It is shown that the behavior of granular solids in the plug flow region experiences plastic deformation along the radial direction from the wall with the velocity profiles well described by an exponential function, whereas the active layer velocity follows a simple expression for the Couette shear flow. Discussion has also been made on the granular temperature and concentration profiles.     

Reconstruction of linkage maps in the distorted segregation populations of backcross, doubled haploid and recombinant inbred lines

Non-Mendelian segregation of markers, known as distorted segregation, is a common biological phenomenon. Although segregation distortion affects the estimation of map distances and the results of quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, the effects of distorted markers are often ignored in the construction of linkage maps and in QTL mapping. Recently, we have developed a multipoint method via a Hidden Markov chain method to reconstruct linkage maps in an F2 population that corrects for bias of map distances between distorted markers. In this article, the method is extended to cover backcross, doubled haploid and recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. The results from simulated experiments show that: (1) the degree that two linked segregation distortion loci (SDL) affect the estimation of map distances increases as SDL heritability and interval length between adjacent markers increase, whereas sample size has little effect on the bias; (2) two linked SDL result in the underesti- mation of linkage distances for most cases, overestimation for an additive model with opposite additive effects, and unbiased estimation for an epistatic model with negative additive-by-additive effects; (3) the proposed method can obtain the unbiased estimation of linkage distance. This new method was applied to a rice RIL population with severely distorted segregation to reconstruct the linkage maps, and a bootstrap method was used to obtain 95% confidence intervals of map distances. The results from real data analysis further demonstrate the utility of our method, which provides a foundation for the inheritance analysis of quantitative and viability traits.     

TBM工作原理及设备选型

结合山西省万家寨引黄工程中隧洞工程的实践,介绍了全断面掘进机(TBM)的工作原理及设备选型等问题。     

浅谈山区高速公路桥位选择

结合山西省山区高速公路的特点,提出了山区高速公路桥梁桥位选择应遵循的原则,分析了山区高速公路桥位选择应考虑的主要因素。     

公务员流动中政府成本的构成、测量及控制

公务员流动政府是要付出成本的,表现为政府在管理公务员流动过程中所发生费用的总和。分析公务员流动中政府成本的构成,并按“分离加总法”对成本总量进行大致的测量,健全公务员流动管理机制是控制公务员流动政府成本的管理之道。