含复式非极性基团浮选药剂研究

首次采用复式非极性分子做起泡剂兼捕收剂,浮选平顶山及开滦赵各庄煤样,浮选剂用量低,浮选效果良好.同时测量了该药剂分子在煤粒表面的吸附热及吸附的红外光谱,用量子化学方法研究了药剂的作用原理,并建立了吸附模型.     

矿浆中金属离子对蓝晶石矿物浮选行为的影响

通过蓝晶石、石英及黑云母的浮选实验,研究了金属离子对矿物浮选行为的影响.实验结果表明:Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺显著活化蓝晶石的浮选,Al³⁺及Fe³⁺对蓝晶石及石英表现很强的抑制作用.浮选溶液化学分析表明,Fe³⁺,Al³⁺可以在矿物表面生成Fe(OH)₃和Al(OH)₃,使矿物浮选受到强烈的抑制;Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺由于羟基络合物存在使蓝晶石的零电点向低pH方向发生漂移,使十二胺的静电吸附力增强,起到活化作用.根据波耳兹曼矢量场中的粒子分布理论,通过计算Fe³⁺对矿物作用前后在不同pH条件下液相内部胺离子(RNH⁺₃)浓度、界面层胺离子的浓度以及比例关系来分析金属离子的活化或抑制作用机理.     

微细粒混合磁选精矿分级—分散浮选试验研究

针对东鞍山混合磁选精矿进行了预先分级—强化分散浮选试验研究，同时结合沉降试验、动电位测试、浊度测试等分析了分选效果改善的原因.在最优条件下分级—分散浮选闭路试验可获得精矿铁品位66.24%、铁回收率79.47%的浮选指标，与单一分散浮选的闭路试验相比，精矿铁回收率提高了4.47%.沉降试验和浊度测试表明，分散剂柠檬酸及粒度组成均会影响赤铁矿-石英混合矿的分散特性，柠檬酸主要吸附在赤铁矿表面从而增大矿粒间的静电斥力，优化粒度组成实现窄级别浮选则会进一步减弱矿粒间的非选择性团聚(罩盖)，为后续浮选分离创造有利条件，这也与DLVO理论及团聚动力学的分析结果基本一致.     

Solution chemistry of carbonate minerals and its effects on the flotation of hematite with sodium oleate

The effects of carbonate minerals (dolomite and siderite) on the flotation of hematite using sodium oleate as a collector were investigated through flotation tests, supplemented by dissolution measurements, solution chemistry calculations, zeta-potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic studies, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The results of flotation tests show that the presence of siderite or dolomite reduced the recovery of hematite and that the inhibiting effects of dolomite were stronger. Dissolution measurements, solution chemistry calculations, and flotation tests confirmed that both the cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) and CO₃2- ions dissolved from dolomite depressed hematite flotation, whereas only the CO₃2- ions dissolved from siderite were responsible for hematite depression. The zeta-potential, FTIR spectroscopic, and XPS analyses indicated that Ca2+, Mg2+, and CO₃2- (HCO₃-) could adsorb onto the hematite surface, thereby hindering the adsorption of sodium oleate, which was the main reason for the inhibiting effects of carbonate minerals on hematite flotation.     

Action mechanism of octylic hydroxamic acid on diaspore

The conventional collector for diaspore mineral is oleic acid, which is highly insoluble and must be used in high dosage in bauxite flotation, that is the great drawback of oleic acid in use. Octylic hydroxamic acid were synthesized, and its collecting ability to certain minerals in bauxite: diaspore, kaolinite were studied. The collecting power of various reagents to diaspore were shown as follows: oleic acid相似文献   

寡养单胞属菌株USTB-2对赤铁矿的捕收效果及机理

对从司家营铁矿场土壤中筛选出来的非致病性寡养单胞属菌株USTB-2作为赤铁矿的捕收剂进行了研究.Zeta电位测试知该菌在较大pH范围内带负电.经菌体USTB-2作用后，赤铁矿接触角增加了3395°，表面疏水性得到了极大的提高.在pH为6，菌体添加量为60g/t时，赤铁矿浮选回收率可达到7631%.机理研究表明，菌体USTB-2表面具有的烃类物质、羧基、磷酸基团使其具有类似脂肪酸类捕收剂的特性，通过“桥联”作用促进赤铁矿颗粒之间形成絮团；这证实寡养单胞属细菌USTB-2可以充当赤铁矿捕收剂.     

Kinetic approach to the study of froth flotation applied to a lepidolite ore

The number of published studies related to the optimization of lithium extraction from low-grade ores has increased as the demand for lithium has grown. However, no study related to the kinetics of the concentration stage of lithium-containing minerals by froth flotation has yet been reported. To establish a factorial design of batch flotation experiments, we conducted a set of kinetic tests to determine the most selective alternative collector, define a range of pulp pH values, and estimate a near-optimum flotation time. Both collectors (Aeromine 3000C and Armeen 12D) provided the required flotation selectivity, although this selectivity was lost in the case of pulp pH values outside the range between 2 and 4. Cumulative mineral recovery curves were used to adjust a classical kinetic model that was modified with a non-negative parameter representing a delay time. The computation of the near-optimum flotation time as the maximizer of a separation efficiency (SE) function must be performed with caution. We instead propose to define the near-optimum flotation time as the time interval required to achieve 95%–99% of the maximum value of the SE function.     

浮选机关键零件的参数化设计

将相似理论引入到浮选机的主要结构设计过程，对关键零件叶轮和U 型槽进行相似分析，得出了2个结论，即叶轮的直径和浮选机槽罐的体积之间呈幂函数关系；U形槽的横截面积与叶轮的直径和浮选机槽罐的体积之间的比率呈幂函数关系，并根据函数关系计算出它们的相似准则。结合得到的相似准则，利用SolidWorks API技术和计算机COM 技术，实现了对浮选机关键零件参数化设计及系统系列化设计。结果表明，该系统有效地避免了重复性设计，缩短了设计周期，提高了设计效率。     

金粉的电化学调控浮选实验室研究

用改进的挂槽式浮选机研究了纯金粉在不同条件下的可浮性，重点考查了电位对金粉可浮性的影响，得到了最佳的浮选条件：电位（ＳＨＥ），ｐＨ＝９．０和［Ｎａ２Ｓ］＝１０（－４）～１０（－３）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．实验结果表明，纯金粉也具有较好的硫诱导电化学调控可浮性．     

亚硫酸氢钠和石灰组合剂与铜镍硫化矿表面的作用机理

本文采用显微电泳仪、原子吸收光谱、紫外光谱吸收仪和X射线粉晶衍射仪研究了药剂与矿物表面的作用机理。证明亚硫酸氢钠和石灰组合剂作用后,在镍黄铁矿表面形成了CaSO_3和CaSO_4等亲水性产物,同时降低了矿浆体系的氧化还原电位(Eh),加快了镍黄铁矿表面氧化速度,生成了Fe(OH)_3和Ni(OH)_2等产物,强化了镍黄铁矿的抑制。