淡水鱼加工副产物新鲜度对速酿鱼露品质的影响

以淡水鱼加工副产物为原料,经过不同条件的储藏后得到不同新鲜度的副产物,分别接种米曲霉后置35℃发酵30d制备鱼露。对副产物和鱼露的理化特性进行评价,结果表明,副产物经储藏后品质发生不同程度的变化:常温储藏4h后,副产物的pH值、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、硫代巴比妥酸及菌落总数均比冰藏和冻藏副产物的相关指标高,而冰藏8h副产物的相关指标则高于冰藏4h副产物的指标；以常温储藏4h的副产物为原料发酵所得的鱼露,其氨基酸态氮、总可溶性氮含量最高,然而其TVB-N和三甲胺含量也最高；以冰藏4h的副产物为原料发酵所得鱼露的生物胺总量和组胺含量最高。副产物经常温4h储藏后其理化特性发生了一定改变,但并未对鱼露的整体品质产生显著的不良影响,因此,淡水鱼加工副产物在常温储藏4h以下可以用于速酿鱼露的发酵。     

池塘条件与养鱼水质的分析

池塘养鱼对池塘水源、面积、水深、形状和方向、底质、环境等重要因素进行具体分析,提出养鱼水质对鱼类和水生生物的水温适应范围及最适生长温度、改造方法,为池塘养鱼高产提供参考。     

Two new species of miniature psammophilic sarcoglanidine catfishes of the genus Microcambeva from the Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

ABSTRACT

Trichomycterid catfishes of the Sarcoglanidinae, which includes small-sized species living in sandy river substratum, have been poorly represented in collections. We herein describe two new species of the sarcoglanidine genus Microcambeva, endemic to river basins draining the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The presence of a distal widening on the posterior process of the autopalatine and a rudimentary anterior autopalatine ossification shared by the two new species, M. mucuriensis sp. nov. from the Rio Mucuri and M. jucuensis sp. nov. from the Rio Jucu basin, and M. draco from the Rio Jucuruçu basin indicates that these three species are more closely related to each other than to other congeners. Microcambeva mucuriensis seems to be more closely related to M. draco than to M. jucuensis in that the first two species share the presence of a well-developed anterior process of the interopercle. The two new species are also distinguished from congeners by the number of opercular odontodes and premaxillary teeth, and the relative size of the sesamoid supraorbital. Available evidence taken from this study and previous reports indicates that different sarcoglanidine lineages have adapted to live in distinct riverine habitats, with species of Atlantic Forest Microcambeva inhabiting clearwater streams and Amazonian sarcoglanidines found in tea-stained acidic-water streams.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8CFF9C88-1CEC-44AF-AD26-1D4A56F3D946     

Interaction model of artificial fish in virtual environment

Conventional artificial fish has some shortages on the interaction with environment, other fish, and the animator. This article proposes a multi-tier interaction control model of artificial fish, realizes the interaction model through integration of virtual reality technology and Markov sequence, and provides a virtual marine world to describe the interaction between artificial fish and the virtual environment and the interaction between the artificial fish and the animator. Simulation results show that the interaction model owns not only the basic characteristics of virtual biology, but also has high trueness interaction function.     

鳙鱼(Aristichthys nobilis)外周血细胞的细微结构

本文用光镜(Wright氏染色和组化反应)和透射电镜观察鳙鱼外周血细胞.在Wright’s染色的血涂片上,可以区分:红细胞、淋巴细胞、血栓细胞、单核细胞和颗粒细胞.淋巴细胞是数目最多的白细胞,而单核细胞的数目较少.电镜观察下,红细胞的细胞器较少,只有一些囊泡样体和少量线粒体.血栓细胞由于有大量的液泡和边周微管而与小淋巴细胞有较大区别.虽然单核细胞在体积和形态上酷似颗粒细胞,但单核细胞有更丰富的粗面内质网和游离核糖体,而颗粒细胞含更多的特殊颗粒.颗粒细胞有两种类型:Ⅰ型颗粒细胞和Ⅱ型颗粒细胞.这两种颗粒细胞都是嗜中性粒细胞,是同一种细胞的不同发育时期.本文还描述了这两种颗粒细胞的重要特征.     

清瘦型水体高产养鱼技术研究——新挖池塘商品鱼养殖高产技术研究

新挖池塘因无底泥和多数渗水而水质清瘦,但在鱼种放养、水质管理、投饵及防病上,若能扬水质清洁之长,避水质清瘦之短,研究实践证明,是能够取得高产的。     

尼罗罗非鱼对汞富集的研究

本文以尼罗罗非鱼（Ｔ·ｎｉｌｏｔｃａＬ）为材料，应用冷原子吸收测汞法，进行了汞（Ｈｇ＋＋）在鱼体内的积累的实验性研究；还对鱼体不同部位汞的蓄积量作了比较；此外，对鱼体汞中毒的死亡过程作了观察。     

醚型拟除虫菊酯(MTI-500,MTI-800)对淡水鱼的毒性试验及评价

本文对 MTI-500,MTI-800及其他类型拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂进行鱼类毒性试验,测得2448,72,96小时半致死浓度 LC_(50)。结果表明除了 MTI-500,MTI-800外其他均为高鱼毒其中Ⅰ-800毒性最低。     

鱼血清蛋白质的微型双相电泳分析

本文采用改进的微型双相电泳系统，对兴国红鲤、草鱼及其杂交鱼血清蛋白质进行了分析，获得较清晰而稳定的结果，分析得出杂交鱼的血清蛋白质的组成更接近于父本草鱼。实验表明微型双相电泳是进行鱼类血清蛋白质分析的灵敏而有效的方法。     

鱼眼镜头光学设计

鱼眼镜头的视场高达180°或超过180°,可以作为全景电影的摄影和放映镜头,本文介绍了它的结构型式的发展,讨论了它的成象理论,给出了适合它的理想象高公式和光栏球差公式,最后提供了一个实例。