Time course of foreign gene integration and expression in transgenic fish embryos

Using a nuclear transplantation approach, the integration and expression of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene in the embryogenesis of transgenic loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Cantor) have been studied. TheGFP gene expression is first observed at the gastrula stage, which is consistent with the initiation of cell differentiation of fish embryos. The time course of the foreign gene expression is correlated with the regulatory sequences. The expression efficiency also depends on the gene configuration: the expression of pre-integrating circular plasmid at early embryos is higher than that of the linear plasmid. The integration of theGFP gene is first detected at the blastula stage and lasts for quite a long period. When two types of different plasmids are co-injected into fertilized eggs, the behavior of their integration and expression is not identical.     

清远市白庙渔村旅游区总体规划设想

通过分析清远白庙街的旅游资源特征,论述了白庙渔村旅游区的性质、指导思想和景区的规划设计,以鱼文化作为整个旅游区规划和开发的内涵,提出将白庙渔村建设成一个独具特色的综合性旅游区,并提出旅游区建设的措施。     

我国淡水水产品加工业的现状与前景展望

通过分析我国水产品养殖业和加工业的现状、存在问题以及人们将来对淡水水产品深精加工食品的需求趋势,指出我国应该大力发展淡水鱼的深精加工技术,生产淡水鱼深精加工方便食品,以满足人们对营养、方便、卫生食品的需求。     

淡水鱼加工副产物新鲜度对速酿鱼露品质的影响

以淡水鱼加工副产物为原料,经过不同条件的储藏后得到不同新鲜度的副产物,分别接种米曲霉后置35℃发酵30d制备鱼露。对副产物和鱼露的理化特性进行评价,结果表明,副产物经储藏后品质发生不同程度的变化:常温储藏4h后,副产物的pH值、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、硫代巴比妥酸及菌落总数均比冰藏和冻藏副产物的相关指标高,而冰藏8h副产物的相关指标则高于冰藏4h副产物的指标;以常温储藏4h的副产物为原料发酵所得的鱼露,其氨基酸态氮、总可溶性氮含量最高,然而其TVB-N和三甲胺含量也最高;以冰藏4h的副产物为原料发酵所得鱼露的生物胺总量和组胺含量最高。副产物经常温4h储藏后其理化特性发生了一定改变,但并未对鱼露的整体品质产生显著的不良影响,因此,淡水鱼加工副产物在常温储藏4h以下可以用于速酿鱼露的发酵。     

3种水产药物对大泷六线鱼幼鱼的急性毒性试验

探讨3种水产药物对大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)幼鱼的急性毒性影响,确认各药物半致死浓度(LC50)和用药安全浓度(SC)。在水温14.5～16.5℃,盐度22‰～24‰,pH值7.8～8.1,溶解氧6mg/L条件下,采用静态试验法进行高锰酸钾、聚维酮碘、甲醛等3种药物对大泷六线鱼幼鱼的急性毒性试验。结果显示:高锰酸钾、聚维酮碘、甲醛对大泷六线鱼幼鱼半致死浓度(24h、48h、72h、96h)分别为(4.10mg/L、3.89mg/L、3.46mg/L、3.17 mg/L)、(19.43 mg/L、18.70 mg/L、17.59 mg/L、16.24 mg/L)和(180.71 mg/L、136.06mg/L、119.69mg/L、110.73mg/L),安全浓度分别为1.05mg/L、5.20mg/L和23.14mg/L。3种药物对大泷六线鱼幼鱼的毒性大小依次为高锰酸钾聚维酮碘甲醛。试验结果表明,甲醛、聚维酮碘在实际生产使用量下可放心使用,高锰酸钾需慎用。     

常州市主要工业废水和两种有机毒物对罗非鱼外周血红细胞的微核效应

本试验测定了常州市主要工业废水和两种有机毒物对罗鱼非(Tilapia massambica Peters)外周血红细胞的微核效应。测定结果,1.68％和1.28％的染料废水的微核率分别为1.00‰和0.50‰;17.8％和15.0％的印染废水的徽核率均为0.53‰,18.2％和10.4％的石油化工废水的微核率分别为0.50‰和0.53‰;43％和37％的化工厂有机废水的微核率分别为0.55‰和0.60‰。由此表明,常州市主要工业废水可能具有细胞的诱变作用。两种有机毒物的微核测定结果无重现性,尚待进一步深入研究。     

Rapid growth cost in “all-fish” growth hormone gene transgenic carp:Reduced critical swimming speed

Evidence has accumulated that there is a trade-off between benefits and costs associated with rapid growth. A trade-off between growth rates and critical swimming speed (Ucrit) had been also reported to be common in teleost fish. We hypothesize that growth acceleration in the F3 generation of "all-fish" growth hormone gene (GH) transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) would reduce the swimming abilities. Growth and swimming performance between transgenic fish and non-transgenic controls were compared. The results showed that transgenic fish had a mean body weight 1.4―1.9-fold heavier,and a mean specific growth rate (SGR) value 6%―10% higher than the controls. Transgenic fish,however,had a mean absolute Ucrit (cm/s) value 22% or mean relative Ucrit (BL/s) value 24% lower than the controls. It suggested that fast-growing "all-fish" GH-transgenic carp were inferior swimmers. It is also supported that there was a trade-off between growth rates and swimming performance,i.e. faster-growing individuals had lower critical swimming speed.     

水蚤类浮游动物孳生的生物控制试验研究

对利用滤食性鲢鱼、鳙鱼的生物操纵作用抑制水源水中孳生的剑水蚤类浮游动物进行了探讨.在不投加任何饵料的条件下,进行微型生态系统的试验研究.结果表明:鱼类的放养生物量对其生物操纵作用具有重要的影响,适宜生物量的鲢鱼、鳙鱼的放养,可以有效地抑制剑水蚤类浮游动物的孳生,并通过影响水体中营养物质水平和生物群落结构,帮助水体水质的恢复;放养生物量过低难以有效地控制剑水蚤的生长,过高的放养生物量会导致鱼类捕食活动过于剧烈,加速营养物质自下而上的补充,甚至有可能会破坏水中正常的食物链关系.