超快冷工艺下780MPa级工程机械用钢的组织与性能

对780MPa级工程机械用钢进行了现场批量生产试制,对其组织与性能进行了研究.通过合理的成分设计,采用控制轧制和超快冷+层流冷却的两阶段冷却路径控制,获得了良好的组织与性能.结果表明:终轧后采用超快冷+层流冷却工艺,超快冷的出口温度在650℃,卷取温度在570℃,试验钢的屈服强度大于685 MPa,抗拉强度大于785 MPa,并具有良好的冲击性能、成形性能及焊接性能.试验钢的组织为铁素体+少量珠光体,同时,在铁素体的基体上,存在大量10nm左右的弥散析出或相间析出(Nb,Ti)(C,N),有效提高了试验钢的强度.     

含稀土的23Cr型双相不锈钢的高温变形行为

利用Gleeble-3500热力模拟试验机在950~1200℃,应变速率为0.1~10s-1条件下进行了含稀土的23Cr型双相不锈钢的热压缩变形,获得了流变曲线,建立了热变形方程,分析了变形组织。结果表明:在流变曲线上既存在峰值应力也有稳态应力;在高温低应变速率条件下,峰值应变减小。上述变形条件下,试验钢的热变形激活能Q=436kJ/mol,表观应力指数n=3.91,热变形方程为:ε=2.41×1016[sinh(0.012σs)]3.91exp (-436000/RT)。奥氏体的动态再结晶在试验钢的动态软化机制中起主导作用且随着温度的升高和应变速率的降低越来越充分;而大应变下,铁素体的软化主要表现为较充分的动态回复。稀土元素影响了热变形时两相中Mo元素的再分配是稀土改善双相不锈钢高温塑性的重要原因之一。稀土使Mo在铁素体中浓度较低温度下降低,高温下升高;而奥氏体相中,使得Mo浓度在较低温度下升高而高温下降低。     

肿瘤热疗用锰锌铁氧体纳米粒的制备及表征

以硫酸盐为原料, NaOH为沉淀剂制备了一系列MnxZn1-xFe2O4纳米粒(x=0.1,0.3,…,0.9,1.0),对其进行了X-射线衍射分析,证实其为尖晶石型锰锌铁氧体;透射电镜观察其形貌为近似球状;图像分析仪测算其平均粒径为30 nm;并进行了居里温度测定和给定交变磁场下的体外升温、恒温实验,结果显示所制备材料的居里温度随锌含量的增加而降低;在相同介质、相同质量浓度条件下,其相应磁流体体外升温实验所能达到的恒定温度亦随锌含量的增加而降低, 如在磁流体质量浓度为20 g/L时,其恒定时的温度在68～40 ℃之间.实验结果为进一步筛选出适合肿瘤热疗的材料配比及相应的质量浓度提供了理论及实验依据.     

Hollow bismuth ferrite combined graphene as advanced anode material for sodium-ion batteries

Hollow bismuth ferrite nanofibers were fabricated via simple electrospinning process,and the storage properties of Na-ions were investigated by atmospheric pressure X-ray photoelectron spectrum(APXPS) and Synchrotron Radiation.The results show that the hollow bismuth ferrite nanotubes demonstrate impressive sodium storage properties and good cycling stability that the specific capacity can exceed 500 mA h g~(-1) and the cycle number reaches several hundred cycles.The graphene-coated bismuth ferrite nanotubes exhibit a specific capacity of600 mAhg~(-1)and a 89% capacity retention after 200 cycles.The present strategy can be a significant step to fabricate hollow perovskite oxides and serve as sodium ion batteries.     

模板辅助sol-gel法制备高比表面积、高磁性能纳米CoFe_2O_4材料

以金属硝酸盐和柠檬酸为主要原料,医用脱脂棉为模板,通过简单易行的模板辅助sol-gel法来制备高比表面积、高磁性能纳米CoFe2O4材料.采用XRD,TEM,BET,VSM和Easy heat等方法研究了模板和热处理温度对所得材料组成、微观结构、磁性能和磁加热效率等的影响.结果表明:添加模板有利于获得不含杂质相的尖晶石型纳米磁性CoFe2O4颗粒,随热处理温度的升高,颗粒的平均晶粒尺寸逐渐增加,比表面积减小.未添加模板的纳米颗粒存在较为严重的堆积现象,添加模板后所得CoFe2O4颗粒呈近似椭球形,不同颗粒之间首尾相接,类似线形,团聚程度明显下降.添加模板后800℃热处理所得试样的平均晶粒尺寸约为70.0nm,比表面积为23.7m2/g,饱和磁化强度为79.0emu/g,剩磁强度为37.1emu/g,矫顽力为856.4G,磁加热速率为2.95℃/s,均显著高于相同热处理温度下未加模板所制备的铁氧体颗粒.最后对类线形纳米CoFe2O4的形成过程进行了探讨.     

准化学平衡条件下温度对烧结液相生成的影响

对Fe2O3-SiO2-CaO—Al2O3-MgO五元体系在准化学平衡条件的液相生成过程进行了研究。采用光学显微镜、X—Ray和SEM,对不同温度下体系液相生成量及成分进行了分析。结果表明：温度越高液相生成量越多,液相成分随温度的增加发生改变,温度对镁元素的微观分布影响较小,M如在赤铁矿为主要原料的烧结体系中会与Fe2O3结合生成MgO·Fe2O3矿物;随着温度的升高SFCA中的Fe2O3含量升高,液相量增加;Al2O3含量升高,利于交织结构的铁酸钙（FC）的形成,可提高烧结矿强度。     

Kinetics and formation mechanisms of intragranular ferrite in V-N microalloyed 600 MPa high strength rebar steel

To systematically investigate the kinetics and formation mechanisms of intragranular ferrite (IGF), isothermal heat treatment in the temperature range of 450℃ to 600℃ with holding for 30 s to 300 s, analysis of the corresponding microstructures, and observation of the precipitated particles were conducted in V-N microalloyed 600 MPa high strength rebar steel. The potency of V(C,N) for IGF nucleation was also analyzed statistically. The results show that the dominant microstructure transforms from bainite (B) and acicular ferrite (AF) to grain boundary ferrite (GBF), intragranular polygonal ferrite (IPF), and pearlite (P) as the isothermal temperature increases from 450℃ to 600℃. When the holding time at 600℃ is extended from 30 s to 60 s, 120 s, and 300 s, the GBF content ranges from 6.0vol% to 6.5vol% and the IPF content increases from 0.5vol% to 2.8vol%, 13.1vol%, and 13.5vol%, respectively, because the ferrite transformation preferentially occurs at the grain boundaries and then occurs at the austenite grains. Notably, V(C,N) particles are the most effective nucleation site for the formation of IPF, accounting for 51% of the said formation.     

磁性液体的制备及应用进展

根据磁性液体中磁性粒子的不同,分别介绍了铁氧体型、金属型和氮化铁型磁性液体的制备方法,并对磁性液体制备的发展方向进行展望。根据磁性液体性质,介绍了磁性液体在密封、精细研磨、润滑等工业以及其它诸多领域的应用。随着对磁性液体的性质和作用研究的深入,它的应用将更广泛。     

Ni-Zn铁氧体复合吸波涂料制备及性能的研究

对Ni-Zn铁氧体复合吸波涂料制备工艺进行了研究,采用沉降法对偶联剂和分散剂进行筛选;利用波导法对复合吸波剂电磁参数进行了测量;扫描电镜(SEM)对吸波剂的形貌进行了分析。结果表明:经过偶联预处理后的Ni-Zn铁氧体粉分散效果良好,有利于吸波涂料的均匀性和稳定性。添加La2O3后与单一的Ni-Zn铁氧体相比,磁导率和电导率得到了的改善,进一步提高了其吸波性能。     

New pyrometallurgical process of EAF dust treatment with CaO addition

The non-carbothermic zinc pyrometallurgical processing of electric arc furnace (EAF) dust was investigated on a laboratory scale. The main objective of this process was to convert highly stable zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄), which accounts for more than half of total zinc in the EAF dust, into ZnO and Ca₂Fe₂O₅ by CaO addition. The EAF dust was mixed with CaO powder in various ratios, pressed into pellets, and heated in a muffle furnace in air at temperatures ranging from 700 to 1100℃ for a predetermined holding time. All ZnFe₂O₄ was transformed into ZnO and Ca₂Fe₂O₅ at a minimum temperature of 900℃ within 1 h when sufficient CaO to achieve a Ca/Fe molar ratio of 1.1 was added. However, at higher temperatures, excess CaO beyond the stoichiometric ratio was required because it was consumed by reactions leading to the formation of compounds other than ZnFe₂O₄. The evaporation of halides and heavy metals in the EAF dust was also studied. These components could be preferentially volatilized into the gas phase at 1100℃ when CaO was added.