飞秒激光场下NH3分子光电子能谱的理论研究

模拟了NH3分子在飞秒激光场下通过中间快速预解离态A～的共振增强多光子电离光电子能谱(REMPI-PES).应用两维的含时波包法实施动力学计算,计算过程中使用了离散变量表示(DVR)理论和劈裂算符-表象变换方法.结果表明,激光脉冲的强度、脉宽等对光电子能谱有着很大的影响,能谱中的两组峰簇是由强场对势能面作用所引起的.     

初始啁啾对飞秒光脉冲传输的影响

超短光脉冲在光纤中传输时将受到多种类型的扰动,而初始啁啾对超短光脉冲传输的影响也越来越得到重视.本文以广义非线性薛定谔方程为理论基础,采用对称分步傅立叶方法作为数值模拟的方法,分析了初始啁啾对飞秒光脉冲在光纤中传输的影响,数值计算表明:啁啾的临界值有不同程度的减小,相对较小的啁啾也会大大影响飞秒光脉冲的传输,引起很大的能量损耗.为保证通信系统性能,必须消除或尽可能减小初始啁啾.     

Dissociation of methanol in intense femtosecond laser field

Methanol was irradiated by 80 fs laser pulse, intensity range of 10¹³–10¹⁴ W/cm². A TOF-mass spectrometer was coupled to the laser system and used to detect the ions produced. The parent ions CH₃OH⁺ appeared firstly at the laser intensity of 1.4×10¹³ W/cm². While the laser intensity was gradually increased, the parent ions were dissociated and the primary ions CH₂OH⁺ were given as verified from the irradiation of deuterated methanol (CH₃OD) showing the C—H bond cracking firstly. While the laser intensity was further increased to 2.0 × 10¹³ W/cm², the C—O bonds of the parent ions also broke to give CH₃ ⁺. When the laser intensity was higher, smaller fragment ions like CH⁺, C⁺, OH⁺ and O⁺ also appeared. Among the fragment ions, only H⁺ ion yield had anisotropic angular distribution dependence on the laser polarization vector in the dissociation of methanol. All the experimental observations show that the dissociation of methanol proceeds through stepwise mechanism but not Coulomb explosion.     

三维光数据存储技术

不断提高存储介质的存储容量和存储密度是信息科学的研究热点之一,在三维空间中进行数据存储将大幅度提高存储密度和存储容量,是实现超高密度光存储的有效方法。介绍了双光子吸收光存储、光谱烧孔光存储、激光全息存储和透明介质的飞秒脉冲体存储等三维光存储的进展、数据存储的原理以及各种存储方法有待解决的问题。     

高Tc超导体的室温飞秒时间分辨谱研究

本文研究了室温下ＹＢａ_２Ｃｕ_３Ｏ_（７－ｘ）（ｘ＝０．１，０．４，０．８）和ＰｒＢａ_２Ｃｕ_３Ｏ_（６．９）外延膜的飞秒瞬态反射谱。结果表明，瞬态反射信号△Ｒ（ｔ）的符号和弛豫时间与载流子浓度密切相关，对超导的ＹＢａ_２Ｃｕ_３Ｏ_（６．９），样品进行不同程度的去氧处理或者用Ｒｒ替代Ｙ后，△Ｒ（ｔ）的符号由正变负，弛豫时间由小于１００ｆｓ增加到大于１ｐｓ，说明在高Ｔｃ氧化物超导体中，载流子浓度的减少使载流子－声子耦合强度降低。     

Monitor and control of neuronal activities with femtosecond pulse laser

Combined with the fluorescence labeling technique, two-photon microscopy excited with femtosecond pulse laser has become an important tool for neuroscience research. In this research, the calcium signals from neurons in rat cortex slice were monitored by a custom-built two-photon microscopy, and the spontaneous calcium signals and the pharmacological responses as well as the responses to femtosecond pulse laser stimulation were recorded. The results showed that the amplitude of the cal- cium signals increased in direct proportion to the corresponding electrical activities. Glutamate induced a calcium transient, but continuous application resulted in smaller response. Simultaneous monitoring of neuronal populations distinguished the neurons of different microcircuits. The femtosecond pulse laser induced local or global calcium signals in the pyramidal neurons. The approach of interrogation and control of neural activities using femtosecond pulse laser is non-contact, nondestructive, repeatable, and without any additional substrates, which will contribute to the development of neuroscience.     

Preparation of porous microstructures on NiTi alloy surface with femtosecond laser pulses

Porous microstructures on Nickel-Titanium （NiTi） alloy surfaces were prepared by linearly polarized femtosecond lasers with moving focal point at a certain speed. It was found that various novel micro- structures from feather-like ripples to cluster-like porous textures could be formed with increasing laser energy. Particularly, when the laser energy was 400 llJ, a periodic porous metal surface was gen- erated. Measurement of X-ray diffraction showed that the grains on the sample surface were refined through femtosecond laser ablation processes, but the crystal structures still kept their original states. Analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that Ni/l＂i on the sample surface was changed with an evident oxidization of titanium element under different laser energies. This investigation pro- vides a new approach to improve the biocompatibility of NiTi-based implant devices.     

Photodissociation/photoionization processes of chlorobromomethane induced by femtosecond laser pulses with pump-probe scheme

The photodissociation/photoionization processes of chlorobromomethane （CH2BrCl） induced by femtosecond laser pulses have been investigated using pump-probe scheme combined with the time-of-flight mass spectra. The dominate photoproducts are observed at different delay time of the pump （400 nm） and probe （800 nm） pulses and the corresponding time-dependence of them is obtained. The results show that the decaying time of the molecule CH2BrCI in the A-band is in the 100 fs. The decaying tendencies of the fragment ions （CH2CI^＋ and CH2Br^＋） and the parent ion （CH2BrCI^＋） are almost the same and the relative ratios of the yields of them keep constant during the delay time of 0 to 150 fs. These facts suggest that the fragment ions come from the fragmentation of the parent ions in excited electronic states. The probabilities to form CH2CI^＋ and CH2Br^＋ are obtained from the relative ratio of the ion intensity and are about 71.6% and 14.2%, respectively.     

The effect of hydrogen-bond in alcoholic solvent on the solvation ultrafast dynamics of oxazine 750 dye

The ultrafast dynamics of oxazine 750 dye was studied in methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol solvents using the femtosecond time-resolved stimulated emission pumping fluorescence depletion （FS TR SEP FD） technique. The faster decays on the hundreds of femtosecond time scale and the slower decays on the order of picosecond were found. The intramolecular vibrational redistribution （IVR） and the solute-solvent intermolecular photoinduced electron transfer （ET） should account for the faster decay, while the slower decay is attributable to the diffusive solvent relaxation. The results show that the intermolecular hydrogen-bonding network will hinder the rearrangement of the alcoholic molecules in the solvaUon process and the time constants of the slower diffusive solvent relaxation decays are found to increase with the hydrogen-bonding energy in alcoholic solvents.     

飞秒激光照射金纳米颗粒的分子动力学模拟

在分子动力学的基础上引入了双温度模型,对飞秒激光照射金纳米颗粒的相变传热过程进行了模拟研究。利用序参数法对传热过程中颗粒内部固液相变的发生进行了判别,并获取了纳米颗粒受飞秒激光照射的熔化特性,在此基础上研究了不同大小的激光能量对熔化过程的影响。结果表明,在飞秒激光照射金纳米颗粒的过程中,当颗粒内部相变发生时,金原子的空间分布由面心立方规则排列逐渐变为不规则无序的松散排列,纳米颗粒内部所有区域都发生了熔化现象,不存在一个明显的固液模拟界面。随着激光的不断照射,熔化比例逐渐增加。