纳米材料量子尺寸效应的理解及应用

在理解纳米材料量子尺寸效应的基础上,对久保提出的分立平均能级间距与热能的关系公式δ=4EF与温度T之间的关系公式d03<1.078×T 10-14n-31m3,由此讨论临界粒径d0与温度T之间的关系,并进而应用公式举例计算纳米级金属颗粒出现量子尺寸效应的临界粒径。     

一种基于度量距离学习的图像检索方法

CBIR系统由于受图像低层特征的限制,制约了它的检索效果。机器学习和统计方法是一种有效的提高检索性能的方法,但通常需要大量的训练样本才能达到满意的检索精度。提出一种理想的距离度量函数,在对图像进行简单分类并提供少量训练样本的基础上,通过类的距离度量矩阵M的学习来考虑分量之间的相关性。这个度量导入二次最佳化问题的解,将训练样本类结构的倾斜最小化。试验结果表明,该方法能在学习样本极少的情况下提高检索的性能。     

一种基于威胁告警的智能机动突防策略

针对程序机动的突防形式固定,难以满足导弹突防需求的问题,提出了一种针对比例导引拦截器的智能机动突防策略。首先通过分析智能机动过程,设计了一种智能机动方案;然后采用理论拦截点状态估计和脱靶量分析,制定了相应智能机动算法;并对典型算例进行分析与仿真。分析与仿真结果表明,应用智能机动突防策略时拦截器脱靶量满足突防要求,检验了智能机动的有效性。     

非线性等距算子的特征

讨论了无穷维Banach空间中非线形等距算子的特征.在像空间是严格凸的要求下,证明只要f:X→Y保持距离a,b,ma nb,其中a,b∈R ,m,n∈N,则f一定是一个等距算子.这个结果在一定意义下回答了著名的Aleksandrov问题.     

高维流形视角下采用ISOMAP降维的配网户变关系辨识

准确的户变关系是配网线损计算、故障定位和三相平衡等高级应用的基础.低压配网的户变关系辨识算法大多基于电压相关性原理,而电压相关性随供电半径增加而减弱,电压采集频次较低无法可靠捕获电压的"共性波动",使得辨识准确率普遍不高.提出了一种基于等距特征映射(isometric mapping,ISOMAP)降维和改进K-mea...     

布洛的心理距离说与矛盾修饰美

试图用布洛的美学审美原则——心理距离说来赏析英语中的矛盾修辞格．矛盾修辞法用两种不相协调、甚至截然相反的特征来形容同一项事物．通过运用“心理距离说”的审美原则审视矛盾修辞格,发现正是这两种对立成分的巧妙结合与读者大脑沉淀下来的逻辑产生距离,激发了读者进一步在矛盾中寻求哲理的欲望,达到奇警隽永的修辞效果．     

高速船碰撞危险模型

利用船舶避碰几何的数学方法,建立高速船碰撞危险范围数学模型,并对高速船的碰撞危险范围进行预测,得出高速船碰撞危险范围与船速比及dCPA之间的关系及变化规律,使船舶驾驶人员迅速了解与高速船舶可能发生碰撞的区域,提高判断碰撞危险的效率.     

近断层地震动峰值加速度特性研究

在收集了世界范围内自由场地的近断层地震记录基础上,综合考虑台站场地和震级的差别,应用统计分析方法对近断层地震动的峰值加速度的衰减关系进行了研究,并与实际记录进行了比较,发现场地和震级的共同作用对近断层地震动的影响是显著的,为进一步的研究提供了参考.     

Newton and action at a distance between bodies—A response to Andrew Janiak's “Three concepts of causation in Newton”

This article responds to Professor Andrew Janiak's recent attempt to defend the proposition that Isaac Newton did not believe in action at a distance between bodies (or any other kind of substance) (Janiak, 2013). His argument rests on a distinction between “three concepts of causation in Newton”, which leads him to conclude that although Newton did not believe in action at a distance between bodies, he was able to accept that gravity was a “distant action”. I critically examine Janiak's arguments here, and the historical evidence he brings to bear upon it, and argue that Professor Janiak's latest claims do nothing to undermine the view to which he is opposed, namely, that Newton did believe in the possibility of action at a distance between bodies.     

Avian mortality due to power lines in the Canary Islands with special reference to the steppe-land birds

Biodiversity is being lost worldwide at an increased rate particularly as the result of human activities and infrastructure. Avian mortality through collision with power lines has been an important topic in animal ecology research, but studies of this kind have never been undertaken in the Canary Islands, a volcanic archipelago located near the northwest African coast that has important seabird colonies, several endemic bird species and endemic races of steppe-land birds of conservation concern. During two contrasting periods in 2008 (breeding vs post-breeding), a total of 366 km of power lines were surveyed on this archipelago covering the entire distributional range of the most important steppe-land bird species (i.e. 232 km, Fuerteventura; 134 km, Lanzarote). In all, 310 carcasses representing 23 families and 26 species were detected. We estimated with distance Sampling that 25.5% and 6.3% of individuals of the total population of Houbara bustards, Chlamydotis undulata fuertaventurae, and Eurasian stone curlews, Burhinus oedicnemus insularum, respectively, were killed in a year. We encourage the Canary Islands authorities (Consejería de Medio Ambiente del Gobierno de Canarias) to try to minimize the Houbara bustard collision rate, particularly in the northern plains of Lanzarote (i.e. Jables de Famara), as a means to reduce mortality of this emblematic species in this insular environment.