浅谈农作物秸秆焚烧的危害和对策

针对焚烧农作物秸秆造成的资源浪费以及对农业生态环境的不良影响。提出了一些具体的解决办法，如机械化秸秆还田、秸秆过腹还田、培育食用茵、制取沼气等。     

山西省优势农产品——“苹果”竞争策略

山西苹果产业在山西农业中已占有非常重要的地位，山西苹果产业具有良好的发展条件、广阔的市场前景和得天独厚的竞争优势，在激烈的市场竞争中，山西苹果产业应针对自身存在的主要问题，采取一系列科学、合理的竞争策略，努力做强、做大。     

绿洲农区不同苜蓿品种(系)主要性状的研究

在绿洲农区对17个不同品种（系）苜蓿的4个主要性状产量、再生性、粗蛋白含量及抗寒性等方面进行了研究。几项指标综合反映,美国8920、三得利、WL-232、先驱者、爱博等品种在绿洲农区的表现优于其他品种。     

好氧颗粒污泥膜生物反应器处理畜禽废水

采用好氧颗粒污泥膜生物反应器处理畜禽废水，分别对COD、NH4^＋-N、NO2^--N、NO3^--N的去除效果和对膜通量的影响进行了研究。结果表明：在水力停留时间（HRT）为8h，进水COD浓度为600mg／L，NH4^＋-N浓度为40mg／L的条件下，出水COD、NH4^＋-N的浓度分别为46．6和4．8mg／L。NO2^--N和NO3^--N的去除率也可达90％以上。并且好氧颗粒污泥的加入减缓了膜的污染。     

Monitoring the Cultivated Slope Land in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Based on Remote Sensing and GIS

0IntroductionCultivatedlandis the basis for human survivaland development.Its composition,change,and sustainable use are undoubtedly i mportant fac-tors havingi mpact onthe sustainable development ofan area.There are high mountains andsteepslopes,alarge population andlittle cultivatedlandin ThreeGorges Reservoir Area.The Geographic distributionof cultivated land is extremely unreasonable,andcultivatable land resources are li mited.With poorwater resource facilities,weak disaster resistancea…     

Occurrence and assessment of veterinary antibiotics in swine manures: A case study in East China

We investigated the occurrence of 14 selected antibiotics including five therapeutic classes of tetracyclines,sulfonamides,macrolides,fluoroquinolones and chloramphenicols in manures collected from four swine farms of different sizes in eastern China.Tetracyclines(tetracycline,oxytetracycline,chlortetracycline,and doxycycline) and sulfadiazine were the most prominent contaminants in the manure samples,with maximum concentrations reaching 98.2 × 10 3,354.0 × 10 3,139.4 × 10 3,37.2× 10 3,and 7.1× 10 3 μg/kg,respectively.The occurrence of these compounds was dependent on breeding scale,animal type,and breeding season.Manure storage and vermiculture were not able to effectively deplete the heavier contaminants(tetracyclines and sulfadiazine),resulting in high levels of these chemicals remaining in manures.Therefore,the occurrence of these antibiotics in agricultural soils(0.1-205.1 μg/kg) collected from four types of agricultural land(pear orchard,tea plantation,bamboo forest,and paddy field) near the studied farms,was a reflection of manure application.However,the extremely high concentrations of antibiotics in manures were unlikely from feed consumption,but from other direct forms of medicine application.     

刘家峡水库网箱养鱼场春季纤毛虫群落结构

对刘家峡水库网箱养鱼场春季纤毛虫群落结构进行了研究.共鉴定到60种纤毛虫,隶属于3纲、11目、25科、32属.下毛目（Hypotrichita）为优势类群,盾纤目Scuticociliatida、膜口目Hymenostomatida、前口目Prostomatida和侧口目Pleurostomatida为常见类群.聚类分析结果表明,颗粒膜袋虫（Cyclidium granulosum）、善变膜袋虫（Cyclidium versatile）、珍珠映毛虫（Cinetochilum margaritaceum）、钩刺斜管虫（Chilodonella uncinata）和大口瞬目虫（Glaucoma macrostoma）为纤毛虫群落中的优势种,天蓝喇叭虫（Stentor coeruleus）、纺锤康纤虫（Cohnilembus fusiformis）、齿脊肾形虫（Colpoda steini）和膨胀肾形虫（Colpoda inflata）为偶见种,其余51种属常见种.纤毛虫的最大丰度为28980 ind/L,最大生物量为353.1μg/L,物种多样性指数在2.13到4.44之间.对网箱养鱼场样点和对照样点的纤毛虫群落结构的比较分析表明,网箱养鱼场样点纤毛虫群落的种类数、平均丰度、物种多样性指数和平均生物量均大于对照样点.结果表明,刘家峡水库纤毛虫群落结构动态受人为影响较大.     

农用地分等定级研究进展

农用地分等定级是我国现阶段土地管理实践和社会经济发展提出的必然要求 ,是目前情况下亟待开展的工作 .本文在对农用地分等定级历史问题的基础上 ,着重论述了我国农用地分等定级研究的热点、实践及存在的问题 ,最后提出了农用地分等定级的研究前景     

政策性地权安排对土地利用变化的影响研究--基于江西省丰城市退耕还林农户问卷调查的一个分析

建立了政策性地权安排对土地利用影响的概念模型和理论模型，在此基础上，以“退耕还林”为例，选择了一组解释变量，运用“退耕还林”农户问卷调查数据，建立了农户“退耕还林”决策模型．采用未加权模型、面积加权模型和农户收入加权模型，通过3种模型的运行结果，在农户尺度上分析了“退耕还林”政策中土地产权安排对土地利用变化的影响．对模型运行结果的分析表明，土地资源的稀缺程度、非农就业水平、政策性土地产权安排都对农户退耕决策产生了不同程度的影响，而在“退耕还林”的政策性土地产权安排中，不同的土地产权要素及其内容对农户退耕有不同的影响．具体而言，直接影响土地收益的政策性土地产权对于退耕有重要影响，同时政府对土地使用的管制也有显影响；影响农户退耕决策因素存在区域差异，根据影响因素的区域差异把研究区域内的3个乡镇的农户退耕决策划分为3种类型：土地资源配置型、利益诱制型和权利诱制型．最后，结合分析结论，就如何完善“退耕还林”政策中的土地产权制度安排促进生态友好型的土地利用变化提出了建议：完善土地收益分享机制、提高农户土地产权意识和适当运用政府规制等。     

Systems Dynamic Digraph Analysis of Scale Pig Production Development in Center China

Scale pig production is an effective approach to improve farmers＇ income. Many pig feeding villages and intensive pig farms has presented rapidly in Center China in recent years, the focus of large quantity of manure and sewage discharged by pig farms has become the leading source of pollution in vast rural areas. How to dissolve the contravention between the development of scale pig production and the serious pollution caused by swine excreta in rural area is a complex systematic problem. An approach named Systems Dynamic Digraph Analysis Approach is presented in this paper. And the approach is applied to analyze the scale pig breeding system in small hill watershed area systematically. A case of Pingxiang Taihua pig farm in the west region of Jinggang Mountain, which is a typical intensive pig farm in small hill watershed area in Center China, was studied, after the systematical analyses with its system dynamic digraph, three common management policies are presented at the end of the paper.