挤压加工对豆渣中可溶性膳食纤维和豆渣物性的影响

以豆渣粉为原料,通过优化挤压加工条件,提高豆渣中可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)的含量并改善豆渣物性.通过单因素实验,豆渣挤压的最佳工艺条件为:温度160,℃,物料水分25%,转速100,r/min.优化挤压条件后,豆渣中可溶性膳食纤维含量与原始豆渣相比从2.6%增加至30.1%.豆渣粉挤压前后的物性实验表明:挤压豆渣在水溶性、膨胀性和乳化性方面与原始豆渣粉相比分别提高10.4%、15.6%和130%.豆渣粉的差示扫描量热(DSC)分析结果表明:挤压豆渣粉在200,℃以下结构稳定;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察挤压豆渣结构,可以看出其纤维结构有明显的热降解现象.     

多频激励下气动隔振系统非线性特性分析

运用非线性动力学的方法研究气动隔振系统在多个频率激励下的非线性动力学特性.通过试验的方法得到空气弹簧在一定初始压力下的相对载荷曲线,以空气弹簧工作高度为自变量,用三次多项式对该曲线进行非线性拟合,得到弹簧非线性恢复力与工作高度的三次多项式表达式.建立气动隔振系统在3个激励频率下的非线性模型,根据弹簧的非线性恢复力,得到系统的非线性动力学方程.运用多尺度法对该非线性动力学方程进行求解,分析3个频率共同作用下的组合共振,讨论各非线性参数对系统的影响.研究结果表明:当组合频率接近系统线性化固有频率时,系统具有很强的组合共振;三次非线性系数直接影响系统的非线性特性;激励幅值越大,非线性现象越明显.     

挤压温度对Mg-3Zn-2.5Al-2.5Ca合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响

采用金相分析、扫描电镜分析、X射线衍射分析和拉伸测试等方法研究了不同挤压温度对Mg-3Zn-2.5Al-2.5Ca(ZAC333)合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,铸态组织的平均晶粒尺寸为185μm;随着挤压温度从623K降低到523K,由于发生了明显的动态再结晶,合金的平均晶粒尺寸从6.32μm减小到3.36μm.ZAC333铸态合金中沿着晶界分布的半连续Al_2Ca和连续Ca_2Mg_6Zn_3第2相在热挤压过程中也发生了明显的破碎而沿着挤压方向分布.与铸态合金的力学性能相比,挤压态ZAC333合金的力学性能有明显的提高.挤压态合金的抗拉和屈服强度分别从176 MPa和284 MPa提高到292 MPa和334 MPa,而延伸率从18%降低到9%.ZAC333合金性能的改善主要归功于热挤压过程中的动态再结晶细晶强化和第2相粒子破碎而产生细化弥散强化的共同作用.     

Bulk Al–Al3Zr composite prepared by mechanical alloying and hot extrusion for high-temperature applications

Bulk Al/Al3Zr composite was prepared by a combination of mechanical alloying (MA) and hot extrusion processes. Elemental Al and Zr powders were milled for up to 10 h and heat treated at 600°C for 1 h to form stable Al3Zr. The prepared Al3Zr powder was then mixed with the pure Al powder to produce an Al–Al3Zr composite. The composite powder was finally consolidated by hot extrusion at 550°C. The mechanical properties of consolidated samples were evaluated by hardness and tension tests at room and elevated temperatures. The results show that annealing of the 10-h-milled powder at 600°C for 1 h led to the formation of a stable Al3Zr phase. Differential scanning calorime-try (DSC) results confirmed that the formation of Al3Zr began with the nucleation of a metastable phase, which subsequently transformed to the stable tetragonal Al3Zr structure. The tension yield strength of the Al?10wt%Al3Zr composite was determined to be 103 MPa, which is approximately twice that for pure Al (53 MPa). The yield stress of the Al/Al3Zr composite at 300°C is just 10% lower than that at room tem-perature, which demonstrates the strong potential for the prepared composite to be used in high-temperature structural applications.     

Tribological behavior of CrN-coated Cr-Mo-V steels used as die materials

DIN 1.2343 and 1.2367 steels are commonly used as die materials in aluminum extrusion, and single/duplex/multi-coatings enhance their surface properties. The design of an appropriate substrate/coating system is important for improving the tribological performance of these steels under service conditions because the load-carrying capacity of the system can be increased by decreasing the plastic deformation of the substrate. In this study, the tribological behavior of CrN-coated Cr-Mo-V steels (DIN 1.2343, 1.2367, and 1.2999 grades) was investigated using different setups and tribological pairs at room and elevated temperatures. The aim of this study was to reveal the wear resistance of a suggested system (1.2999/CrN) not yet studied and to understand both the wear and the failure characteristics of coated systems. The results showed that (i) among the steels studied, the DIN 1.2999 grade steel exhibited the lowest friction coefficient because it had the highest load-carrying capacity as a result of secondary hardening at elevated temperatures; (ii) at room temperature, both abrasive tracks and adhesive layers were observed on the worn surfaces; and (iii) a combination of chemical reactions and progressive oxidation caused aluminum adhesion on the worn surface, and the detachment of droplets and microcracking were the characteristic damage mechanisms at high temperatures.     

卷烟厂风送系统补风计算及应用

为解决卷烟厂风力送丝系统风量不足和风机喘振问题,提出了采用变频调节及结合主管补风的方法对风送系统进行改进。通过实例计算得出,该系统风机的频率调节范围为41~50 Hz,当卷烟生产过程中有3台及以上机组停机时需要进行补风,最大补风量为3 900 m3/h。采用变频调节及结合主管补风的方法既能保证风力送丝系统有效运行,同时也提高了系统的节能效率。     

PET／高岭土纳米复合材料的制备与表征

使用二甲亚砜（DMSO）改性高岭土,改性的高岭土与聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯通过熔融挤出的方法制得复合材料．利用X射线衍射（XRD）,红外光谱分析的方法验证其为纳米复合材料,再利用DSC和偏光显微镜研究该复合材料的热性能和结晶性能．     

机电气一体化抓吸双功能实验装置

以MOTOMAN工业机器人为平台,设计了集机电气一体具有抓取和吸附双功能的机械手实验装置。详细介绍了其实验设计方案、气动系统设计及PLC控制系统的设计。实现了将分离的两种拾取功能机构有机地组合到一套装置中,即机械手的抓取和吸盘的吸附两种动作,充分发挥了机构的多重效能。该实验系统在高校气动控制技术、数控技术、机电一体化技术、可编程序控制器、机器人技术等多门课程中应用,取得了良好效果。     

基于Archard理论的挤压次数对模具磨损量的影响分析

针对前次挤压对后次挤压的模具磨损有着显著影响,模具的总磨损量并不与单次磨损量呈简单的线性关系,将考虑温度影响的Archard磨损计算修正模型与有限元数值模拟分析方法相结合,预测铝合金挤压过程中模具表面磨损最严重的部位,建立该部位磨损量与挤压次数之间的确切关系,并由此提出一种考虑挤压次数影响的总磨损量计算公式.     

半固态ZL116合金挤压成形与显微组织

采用电子显微镜、卧式挤压机及电子拉伸机,研究了ZL116合金近液相线铸造的铸态显微组织,进行了触变挤压成形实验,测试了成形件的力学性能.结果表明:用近液相线半连续铸造法可以制备出具有蔷薇状组织的ZL116合金半固态坯料,当在575℃进行二次加热时,有大量细小、分布均匀的硅颗粒出现,有利于合金的半固态成形;利用800 T卧式挤压机,触变挤压飞机用的合金支架,热处理后抗拉强度Rm值达320 MPa,断后伸长率A达到11.4%.