BKX-Ⅰ型变轴数控机床的建模与控制

针对所研制的基于Stewart机构的变轴数控机床原型样机BKX-Ⅰ,对其数学建模过程及插补控制过程进行了详细分析.提出由轨迹规划中刀具位姿表示动平台位姿的有效方法,并结合变轴数控机床的结构特点,提出粗、精插补相结合的插补策略与离、在线控制相结合的控制策略,最后通过试验对上述方法进行了验证.     

黄龙洞沉积的环境意义及旅游开发评价

对洞穴沉积物岩性进行分层描述 ,并取样进行了 C1 4、热释光及孢粉鉴定 ,确定沉积物时代为距今 1 4630± 1 90年～ 85 5 0± 75年 .岩性和孢粉组合特征显示洞内沉积经历了暖湿、温干、暖湿、再到温干的气候变迁 ,其生态环境属于稀树草原型 .通过与本区域周边地区 (临汾盆地、北京平原地区 )孢粉组合对比 ,判断黄龙洞所在太原盆地北部山区气候、生态环境及其变化趋势与我国北方地区大体是同步的 ,同时也存在一定差异 .     

Experimental and numerical study on plasma nitriding of AISI P20 mold steel

In this study, plasma nitriding was used to fabricate a hard protective layer on AISI P20 steel, at three process temperatures (450°C, 500°C, and 550°C) and over a range of time periods (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 h), and at a fixed gas N₂:H₂ ratio of 75vol%:25vol%. The morphology of samples was studied using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the formed phase of each sample was determined by X-ray diffraction. The elemental depth profile was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, and glow dispersive spectroscopy. The hardness profile of the samples was identified, and the microhardness profile from the surface to the sample center was recorded. The results show that ε-nitride is the dominant species after carrying out plasma nitriding in all strategies and that the plasma nitriding process improves the hardness up to more than three times. It is found that as the time and temperature of the process increase, the hardness and hardness depth of the diffusion zone considerably increase. Furthermore, artificial neural networks were used to predict the effects of operational parameters on the mechanical properties of plastic mold steel. The plasma temperature, running time of imposition, and target distance to the sample surface were all used as network inputs; Vickers hardness measurements were given as the output of the model. The model accurately reproduced the experimental outcomes under different operational conditions; therefore, it can be used in the effective simulation of the plasma nitriding process in AISI P20 steel.     

机床颤振的一种新的控制方法

首先评述了目前对机床颤振的各种控制方法,然后提出在线变刀具前、后角抑制颤振的方法,并讨论了这种新方法的抑振原理。试验表明,该方法效果明显。所研制的控制装置结构简单,不需对机床作任何改装,故有可能成为普通车床及数控车床上具有抑制颤振能力的一个功能部件。     

基于应变模态的数控机床滚动轴承可靠性检测方法

为了解决传统方法对物理参数的改变不敏感,只能对整个滚动轴承可靠性进行检测,无法针对不同测点获取可靠性检测结果,检测准确性低的弊端,通过应变模态研究数控机床滚动轴承可靠性检测问题。对各点的应变响应进行测量,得到应变振型。数控机床滚动轴承出现损伤后,应变模态一定会出现变化,同时损伤程度越大,这种变化越显著,滚动轴承可靠性越低。在对滚动轴承损伤进行识别的过程中,将应变模态差向量中元素最大绝对值作为依据,获取可靠性很低的位置。将应变模态改变率作为检测数控机床滚动轴承可靠性的敏感指标,对数控机床滚动轴承进行可靠性检测,对滚动轴承损伤前后前三阶应变模态进行提取,获取应变模态改变率,绘制曲线图,将突变部分当成损伤部分,完成对滚动轴承的可靠性检测。实验结果表明:所提方法可有效检测滚动轴承某一位置的可靠性;对数控机床滚动轴承可靠性检测结果最准确。可见所提方法能够获取不同测点的检测结果,检测准确性高。     

随钻双感应测井仪器刻度响应研究

介绍一种随钻双感应测井仪器,利用三维有限元方法模拟实际仪器结构对仪器响应的影响,针对该仪器设计刻度环和刻度水箱,并探讨最优刻度环参数和水箱刻度校正系数。结果表明:钻铤和反射层是导致仪器响应非线性变化的主要因素,磁环主要导致仪器响应幅值增大。通过刻度环或水箱刻度,仪器响应和真实地层电导率具有较宽的线性响应范围。模拟结果可为随钻双感应测井仪器设计和刻度提供理论参考。     

论图书馆人力资源的开发与管理

本文阐述了人力资源在图书馆事业发展中的特殊作用，并针对图书馆人力资源管理的现状，论述了开发与管理的对策。     

3-PRS serial-parallel machine tool error calibration and parameter identification

3-PRS serial-parallel machine tool consists of a 3-degree-of-freedom (DOF) implementation platform and a 2-DOF X-Y platform. The error modeling and parameter identification methods were deduced based on 3-PRS serial-parallel machine tool. 3-PRS serial-parallel machine tool was researched, and the mechanism of error analysis, modeling, identification of error parameters and measurement equipment for the use of agency error of measurement were conducted. In order to achieve the geometric parameters calibration and error compensation of the serial-parallel machine tool, the nominal structural parameters of the controller was adjusted by identifying the structure of the machine tool. With the establishment of a vector space size chain, we can do the error analysis, error modeling, error measurement and error compensation can be done.     

胜利滩海油田开发技术应用研究

胜利滩海地区已发现并成功开发了飞雁滩、桩106、埕岛、新滩等油田,针对这些油田复杂的自然地理和地质条件,在油藏地质、油藏工程、钻井、采油工艺、地面及海工工程的研究、设计过程中,探索、开发和应用了多种新技术和新方法,并科学编制了开发方案,其部署370口井,钻井成功率100％,累积建产能300万t。形成了一套适合胜利滩海油田高效开发的配套技术。     

辽河油田齐40块蒸汽驱二氧化碳成因分析

渤海湾盆地辽河油田欢喜岭地区齐40块稠油油藏历经多年的蒸汽驱开发,其伴生气体中CO_2含量已上升至60%～90%。通过对该区块的油藏条件及开发前后的储层流体矿物分析,认为CO_2浓度的上升主要由于蒸汽驱开发导致油藏温度升高,储层流体和矿物发生化学反应结果,其中与CO_2形成有关的化学反应包括:稠油水裂解、硫酸盐热还原、矿物碳酸盐的分解与转化。室内模拟实验结果结合现场伴生气体的δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值(+1.7‰～+6.6‰)证实了CO_2主要来源为碳酸盐岩的分解。