关于技术进化的个案研究

人工制品是理解技术的重要维度之一。人工制品的形成和发展是一个进化的过程，其“起源’’于已有的技术，发明的动力源于技术体系与人的耦合所决定的技术趋势；人工制品的整个生命周期是一个贯穿着技术趋势的不断具体化的过程，进化的实质在于人工制品在具体化的过程中获得作为存在的意义和厚度。     

湍流应力对AGB星物质损失率作用的初步探讨

通过分析8M⊙和2.8M⊙早期AGB星外部湍流应力与引力的比值在几个演化点上随质量的分布,发现在恒星外部存在一个湍流应力与引力的比值能达到几十的区域,该区域的位置随演化时间的变化而变化,此位置以外的壳层质量随时间的变化规律与Nieuwenhuijzen H.et.Al给出的恒星质量损失率的变化规律完全相同.在此基础上拟合出早期AGB星的质量损失率与出现最大湍流应力位置以外的壳层质量之间的关系式,提出湍流作用对星风的主要影响应体现在湍流作用大的区域在恒星外壳中的位置.     

连续介质热力学的变分原理及应用

本文系统地提出了连续介质热力学的变分原理和广义变分原理.并在断裂力学中作了初步应用.     

DLA集团形貌演化的计算机模拟

在二维正方网格上,利用与传纯扩散有限凝聚 DLA 方法不同的分形生长模型,研究了具有不同扩散半径的拉子无规行走凝聚过程.计算机模拟结果表明,随着拉子扩散半径的增加,分形集团在二维正方网格上按如下系列“无序分形→枝状结构→类十字结构→十字结构”的形貌演化.与去噪声 DLA 模型相比,本文所述模型能够更为方便的得到各向同性或各向异性的分形生长集团     

Oxygen consumption and the evolution of order: negentropy criteria applied to the evolution of ants

Optimization of energy use by evolving organisms, predicted by theoretical extensions of the neo-Darwinian theory, i. contrasted with that of irreversible thermodynamics, which predicts an increase in orderliness and thus an increase in energy consumption per unit of biomass. We compared this index with estimates of social complexity among ant genera and species. Our results show that simple optimization models cannot explain experimental data, and that social complexity correlates differently with negentropy at different levels of analysis. Comparing the genera among Formicidae, workers (not colonies) from genera with highly social species are less negentropic than those of socially primitive ones. At the sub-generic level, social complexity correlated positively with negentropy among species, for major workers inAcromyrmex and for minor workers inAtta. The results illustrate the complexity of thermodynamic criteria in the study of evolution but also hint at their usefulness. In this case, they show that two different evolutionary routes to the complex Attini ant societies may exist.     

汉字史断代方法述评

汉字发展史是汉字研究的基础性课题之一,汉字史的断代研究异说纷呈,断代标准各有不同.主要有字体变化、四阶段论、中国历史进程、综合法、汉字性质变化、汉语史分期、汉字构形变化等.随着研究的深入,有些问题,学者们的看法渐趋一致.     

求解单调变分不等式的一类迭代算法

给出了求解单调变分不等式的一类迭代算法．通过解强单调变分不等式子问题，产生一个迭代点列，该迭代点列收敛到变分不等式的解．最后，给出了这类新算法的收敛性分析。     

Differential evolution algorithm for hybrid flow-shop scheduling problems

Aiming at the hybrid flow-shop(HFS) scheduling that is a complex NP-hard combinatorial problem with wide engineering background,an effective algorithm based on differential evolution(DE) is proposed.By using a special encoding scheme and combining DE based evolutionary search and local search,the exploration and exploitation abilities are enhanced and well balanced for solving the HFS problems.Simulation results based on some typical problems and comparisons with some existing genetic algorithms demonstrate the proposed algorithm is effective,efficient and robust for solving the HFS problems.     

产业群系统优势的主导因素及其历史演化

产业群是一种历史现象，在不同时代都存在着某种特定因素主导它的系统优势，并且这种因素在不断演进。