二嵌段共聚物-(PPP)m-(PT)n-电子结构性质研究

建立了描述二嵌段共聚物-(PPP)m-(PT)n-的紧束缚模型,研究了基态下均聚物单体对体系电子结构性质的影响,研究发现可以通过改变均聚物的尺度、配比或界面耦合强度对共聚物能带结构加以调制．     

两性三嵌段共聚物溶液体系的相行为

利用格子自洽场方法,通过计算系统相图和比热,研究了在对称两性三嵌段共聚物溶液体系中聚合物浓度对胶束聚集的影响.计算结果表明,随聚合物浓度的增加,胶束临界温度升高,并且在这个温度以下,胶束进一步聚集的范围和均一溶液/胶束转变的宽度都与聚合物浓度有关.     

Improved Performance of Sulfonated Polyarylene Ethers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

The proton exchange membrane （PEM） is one of key components in fuel cell system. Its properties are very important in determining PEMFC performance. The membranes presently used in fuel cell are perfluorosulfonic polymaers, such as Nation from Dupont. Although they have high proton conductivity and excellent chemical stability, their too high production cast and methanol permeability lead to failure of fuel cell applica- tion. Therefore, various partially fluorinated and non-fluorinated polymer electrolytes are under development for PEMFC application since one decade. In the middle of non-fluorinated polymer electrolytes, sulfonated poly（arylene ether）s display high thermal stability, good mechanical properties and exceptional resistance to oxidation and acid catalyzed hydrolysis. They have been regarded as well-suited proton exchange membrane candidates for fuel cells.     

丙烯酸-马来酸共聚物强化超滤处理含镍废水

以丙烯酸-马来酸共聚物(PMA-100)为络合剂,研究聚合物络合金属离子的强化超滤处理含镍废水,研究聚合物与金属离子质量比(mP/mM)、溶液pH、盐浓度、操作压力、运行时间等对镍离子截留率的影响。研究结果表明:溶液pH对金属离子截留率影响很大,在一定mP/mM下,pH在3～7的范围内,适当提高溶液pH有利于镍离子的截留;在一定pH下,镍离子的截留率R随mP/mM的增加而增加;溶液pH=6.0,mP/mM=7时,镍离子的截留率可达到99%以上;NaCl和Na2SO4的存在使镍离子的截留率有所降低。     

室温原子转移自由基聚合（RT—ATRP）在合成嵌段共聚物中的应用研究进展

室温原子转移自由基聚合较普通自由基聚合有多方面的优点。综述了室温原子转移自由基聚合在合成油溶性、水溶性及两亲嵌段共聚物方面的研究和应用,对室温原子转移自由基聚合及其在合成嵌段共聚物的应用作了展望。     

杂臂星型苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物的结构与性能

采用自制的含碳锡键和聚二烯烃臂的多官能团大分子有机锂作为引发剂,四氢呋喃为结构调节剂,环己烷为溶剂,阴离子聚合法合成了杂臂星型苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物;依据多官能团大分子引发剂中二烯烃的不同,所合成的共聚物分别为PI-Sn-(SBR)3和PB-Sn-(SBR)3。用GPC1、H-NMR和DSC分析了杂臂星型共聚物的结构,并研究了硫化胶的物理机械性能和动态力学性能。结果表明,杂臂星型共聚物中聚二烯烃臂中1,4结构质量分数约为90%;苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚臂中1,2-PB质量分数约为45%。DMTA测试表明杂臂星型共聚物在保持低滚动阻力的同时具有更好的抗湿滑性和低温性。两种共聚物都满足高性能轮胎胎面胶的要求。     

水性丙烯酸酯共聚物药物包衣材料合成的研究

该文介绍了将教师的科研成果转化为学生实验项目的教学实践方法,将教师从事科研工作取得的科研成果转化成了开放性实验——药物包衣用丙烯酸酯共聚物薄膜材料的乳液聚合反应及其包衣技术。使学生了解到了一种新型的涂料,同时也是一种新型的功能高分子材料。由于该实验来源于教师的科研和生活实践,提高了学生的实验兴趣,收到了良好的实验效果。     

Investigation on Mechanical Properties of CMSLDS/Acrylate Copolymeric Blending Films for Warp Sizing

Carboxymethyl starch with lower degree of substitution was blended with acrylate copolymer for revealing the relation between mechanical properties and chemical structure of blending film.Effects of carboxymethylation of starch,acrylate constituent units of acrylate copolymers,and copolymer content of the film on the properties were investigated.The mechanical properties were evaluated in terms of tensile strength,breaking elongation,abrasion resistance,and flex-fatigue resistance.Film morphology was examined with X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and atomic force microscope (AFM).It was found that the properties depended on the degree of substitution of carboxymethyl starch,chemical structure of acrylate units,and content of acrylate copolymer.Phase-separation of the two ingredients occurred within film matrix and the separation was decreased after starch carboxymethylation.Breaking elongation and flex-fatigue resistance of the film reached maximums when acrylate copolymer content was 50%.Excessively increasing the content of acrylate copolymer reduced the film properties.     

Preparation of Chitosan-g-PAMPS in H2O/scCO2 Inverse Emulsion

Chitosan(CS)was successfully modified in supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2)by grafting method to enhance its water solubility.In this work,a three-arm star-like fluorinated polymer was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP)method and applied as a surfactant in supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2).Then 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid(AMPS)was grafted onto CS(CS-g-PAMPS)in H2O/scCO2inverse emulsion.The effects of mass ratio of water and surfactants(R w/s)and pressure of scCO2on the grafting reaction were investigated.The grafting rate,particle size,and dispersity in water of CS-g-PAMPS varied greatly as R w/s and pressure of scCO2changed.It could be found that the value of R w/s at 12 and the pressure of scCO2at 30 MPa were the optimum conditions for the grafting reaction.CS-g-PAMPS prepared in this reaction system has higher grafting rate,smaller particle sizes,and better dispersity in water than those prepared via conventional methods.     

AA／AMPS／DMDAAC三元共聚物阻垢分散剂的合成与性能研究

以丙烯酸（AA）、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）、二甲基二烯丙基氯化胺（DMDAAC）等为单体,亚硫酸氢钠一过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液聚合法,合成AA／AMPs／DMDAAc三元共聚物阻垢分散剂．研究结果表明,溶液中总单体质量分数为30％,引发剂质量分数为8％（占单体含量）,实验在弱碱性环境中进行,90℃下反应5h得到的共聚物有良好的阻垢分散性能．