Continental island from the Upper Silurian (Ludlow) Sino-Korean plate

Recent field studies on Upper Silurian stratigraphy and paleontology in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (for short Inner Mongalia) near Bater Obo (=Bateaobao) resulted in the discovery of a small continental island with fossil invertebrates preserved as encrusters (stromatoporoids and corals) attached directly to a rocky shore surface and buried by silty clay mud. The Bater island (named herein) is 610 m × 200 m in size and composed of Ordovician igneous rock (diorite). Limestone strata dating from the Ludlow Epoch (about 420 Ma) surround the island and dip away from the igneous core in a radial pattern. The encrusting fossils occur on the sheltered (south and southeast) side of the island, whereas the north side was exposed to stronger wave activity based on a basal conglomerate unit composed of diorite boulders. This is the first record of an ancient island in China and the first report worldwide of stromatoporoids as members of a rocky-shore community. The island clearly shows distinct windward and leeward deposits comparable to geologically younger islands from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic outside China.     

海南森林溪流淡水鱼类区系研究

从海南岛森林溪流中采集到43种淡水鱼,分隶于5目15科38属。分布区系属东洋区、华南亚区的海南岛分区,分属五个区系复合体。其中热带平原鱼类区系复合体有25种,占51.6%,中印山区鱼类区系复合体10种,占23.2%,这与该区域形成适于鱼类栖存生态环境的地史原因密切相关。     

Patterns of trophic relationships between planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) and their host plants on the Mascarene Islands

Following an up‐to‐date synopsis on the planthopper fauna and their associated host‐plants in the Mascarene Islands including numerous new data, a study of host plant and Fulgoromorpha interaction patterns illustrates some remarkable specificities. The endemic fauna remains essentially on endemic plants and exotic planthoppers have not shifted to them, remaining on exotic plants. Two fulgoromorph families are strictly associated with monocotyledons: (1) the Delphacidae represented by widespread species maintain the same host as the continental source populations, especially exotic Poaceae and (2) the Derbidae which displayed a food conservatism for woody plants are found mostly on endemic Arecaceae, Pandanaceae and Liliaceae. These relationships differ from continental Derbidae, which are recorded as much on dicotyledons as on monocotyledons. Other island specificity appears with the endemic species of Meenoplidae from La Réunion, which are recorded on endemic dicotyledons whereas the continental species are recorded on monocotyledons. In La Réunion, a positive correlation between endemic planthopper diversity recorded on different host plants and endemic plant diversity within different plant orders was observed. This result suggests a stochastic distribution of the planthoppers on the available botanical taxa at the time of colonization. In the Mascarenes, disparities appear between Cixiidae from La Réunion and Mauritius. On the latter, the Cixiidae seem to be mainly monophagous and the majority of them are recorded on Rubiaceae.     

A scanning electron microscope study of the praniza larva of Gnathia maxillaris Montagu (Crustacea,Isopoda, Gnathiidae), with special reference to the mouthparts

Summary

Praniza larvae of Gnathia maxillaris Montagu (Crustacea, Isopoda, Gnathiidae) were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The body comprises a head, swollen peraeon, pleon and telson. Mouthparts are modified for cutting, spearing, and anchorage to the skin of fishes, from which larvae draw blood. Mandibles, maxillules and maxillipedes have serrated surfaces, whereas paragnaths are strongly pointed and gnathopods are hooked. Maxillae were not seen in SEM preparations. They are small structures which probably play little active part in feeding. Pits, which are possibly sense organs, occur on the head, parts of the peraeon, the coxal plates of peraeopods and pleonal somites. Pectinate scales are found on the inner and lateral surfaces of the peraeopods. The pleon, pleopods, the telson and uropods bear small semilunar scales.     

论旅游知识产权中商标权的立法保护——以海南国际旅游岛为例

旅游知识产权的保护因受其地域性等特点局限而一直被国内学界所忽视,但对于因旅游著名并现已成为国际旅游岛的海南来说却有着举足轻重的意义,其中海南旅游商标权应该如何立法维护的问题更是早已引起了国内外各界的广泛关注。     

长园河湿地生态修复工程实践

近年来,湿地恢复已成为当今社会生态恢复的重要课题之一,开展河道湿地生态修复是提高河道水环境承载能力、改善河道生态环境的有效途径.本文在长园河中下游段进行湿地生态修复工程实践,在全面分析长园河湿地现状的基础上提出生态修复目标,按照一定的修复原则把工程分为4个区域即湿地生态修复与景观优化示范区、河岸缓冲过滤带重建示范区、连通性修复与生态护岸示范区、生物浮岛示范区进行重点修复,修复后取得了很好的效果,为未来华北地区山区型河道退化湿地的生态修复提供示范作用.     

基于遥感的上海城市热岛效应与植被的关系研究

选择2001年3月和7月上海地区的陆地卫星ETM+影像,利用ETM+热红外亮温计算模式将6波段影像灰度值转换成像元亮温,由此直接表征地表温度分布,对城市亮温热岛的空间分布特征、强度变化及其相关影响因素进行了概括.通过提取归一化植被指数(NDVI),并基于统计方法对不同下垫面类型的局域亮温和NDVI进行回归分析,一致证明亮温与植被水平呈明显负相关,且植被降低下垫面温度的效果夏季强于春季;对回归方程斜率的比较又揭示出植被对地面温度的影响受下垫面用地类型结构的制约;增加相同水平的植被,夏季白天降温程度在植被面积占优势的地区不及非植被或少植被区.建议应根据不同类型的下垫面环境进行针对性的植被规划.     

给水泵汽轮机排汽直接进空冷岛技术在300MW供热机组中的应用

阐述了给水泵汽轮机排汽直接进空冷岛设备的工作原理、安装、检修工艺以及运行中应注意的事项。     

朝鲜巨文岛事件与清政府的对策

在1885年到1887年的英国入侵朝鲜巨文岛事件中，清政府采取了一系列应对举措，实质性地加强了中国宗主权，为全面干涉朝鲜内政外交拉开了序幕。     

独立制造岛─—可持续发展的生产模式

“独立制造岛”是以成组技术为基础，数控机床为核心，数控机床与普通机床并存，强调信息流的自动化，以软取胜和以“人”为中心的生产方式．它的特征是组织、人员和技术三者的有机集成．面向车间，权力下放，综合治理．并以获取经济效益为主要目标．可以认为，它是一种适合中国国情的、面向21世纪的、可持续发展的新生产模式