基于RBF的机械手建模误差补偿自适应控制

针对机械手动力学建模误差,提出了基于RBF神经网络误差补偿的自适应控制策略。在基于逆动力学的计算力矩控制方法的基础上,对系统输入与目标轨迹进行修正,设计了两种误差补偿自适应控制器。利用RBF神经网络对修正项在线自学习,并根据Lyapunov稳定性理论建立了网络权重自适应学习律,保证了跟踪误差的收敛及系统的稳定。以平面转动双臂机械手轨迹跟踪为例进行仿真,结果表明该方法能够有效地补偿建模误差,提高了系统的控制性能并使控制系统具有对参数摄动的鲁棒性,对于机械手自适应控制具有一定的可行性。     

ISAR target recognition based on non-negative sparse coding

Aiming at technical difficulties in feature extraction for the inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) target recognition, this paper imports the concept of visual perception and presents a novel method, which is based on the combination of non-negative sparse coding (NNSC) and linear discrimination optimization, to recognize targets in ISAR images. This method implements NNSC on the matrix constituted by the intensities of pixels in ISAR images for training, to obtain non-negative sparse bases which characterize sparse distribution of strong scattering centers. Then this paper chooses sparse bases via optimization criteria and calculates the corresponding non-negative sparse codes of both training and test images as the feature vectors, which are input into k neighbors classifier to realize recognition finally. The feasibility and robustness of the proposed method are proved by comparing with the template matching, principle component analysis (PCA) and non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) via simulations.     

Mobile channel estimation for MU-MIMO systems using KL expansion based extrapolation

In multi-user multiple input multiple output(MU-MIMO) systems,the outdated channel state information at the transmitter caused by channel time variation has been shown to greatly reduce the achievable ergodic sum capacity.A simple yet effective solution to this problem is presented by designing a channel extrapolator relying on Karhunen-Loeve(KL) expansion of timevarying channels.In this scheme,channel estimation is done at the base station(BS) rather than at the user terminal(UT),which thereby dispenses the channel parameters feedback from the UT to the BS.Moreover,the inherent channel correlation and the parsimonious parameterization properties of the KL expansion are respectively exploited to reduce the channel mismatch error and the computational complexity.Simulations show that the presented scheme outperforms conventional schemes in terms of both channel estimation mean square error(MSE) and ergodic capacity.     

Improved adaptive pruning algorithm for least squares support vector regression

As the solutions of the least squares support vector regression machine(LS-SVRM) are not sparse,it leads to slow prediction speed and limits its applications.The defects of the existing adaptive pruning algorithm for LS-SVRM are that the training speed is slow,and the generalization performance is not satisfactory,especially for large scale problems.Hence an improved algorithm is proposed.In order to accelerate the training speed,the pruned data point and fast leave-one-out error are employed to validate the temporary model obtained after decremental learning.The novel objective function in the termination condition which involves the whole constraints generated by all training data points and three pruning strategies are employed to improve the generalization performance.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is tested on six benchmark datasets.The sparse LS-SVRM model has a faster training speed and better generalization performance.     

Novel reference range selection method in InlSAR imaging

Aiming at the reference range selection for different antennas in interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar (InISAR) systems, this paper proposes a respective focusing (RF) method. The reference ranges for echoes of different antennas are selected respectively for RF, which is different from the traditional uniform focusing (UF) with the same reference range applied to all the antennas. First, a comparison between UF and RF for InISAR signal model considering the ranging error is given. Compared with RF, UF has an advantage in overcoming the ranging error differences between different antennas. Then the influence of ranging error upon the interferometric imaging with RF is investigated particularly, and it is found that the ranging error differences between different antennas are far smaller than the wavelength, which is advantageous to imaging. By comparing the capabilities of interferometric imaging between RF and UF, it is concluded that RF is a better choice in conquering problems such as image mismatching and phase ambiguity even with ranging errors. Simulations demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.     

非均匀圆阵天线模型解模糊误差研究

基于干涉仪的立体基线法与传统测向解模糊方法相比,天线摆放方式更为灵活。针对这一优点,建立了非均匀圆阵天线阵列模型,给出了该模型理论测向误差的表达式。通过分析解算过程中影响测向误差的因素,提出了一种减小天线阵列实际测向误差的方法。为保证系统具有一定的解模糊能力,给出了该方法中天线孔径对系统解模糊频段的限制条件。基于建立的天线模型,通过Matlab仿真,验证了方法及理论分析的正确性,对合理选择天线盘孔径、减小测向系统的误差具有可行性。     

挠性捷联惯组的多位置对准技术

弹用惯组的误差是影响系统落点导航精度的关键因素。针对如何利用已知的航向信息最大程度地提高弹用挠性陀螺的实际使用精度的问题,将多位置对准技术应用于惯组误差的在线标定,利用行列式法对陀螺静态漂移误差进行了可观性分析,给出常用两位置对准的理论分析及最优三位置的限定方程。仿真结果表明,最优三位置对准可以有效分离常值漂移和与比力一次项有关的漂移,实现挠性陀螺静态漂移误差状态变量全部可观测,最大程度地降低其对系统误差的影响。     

动力学模型系统误差及其协方差阵的随机加权拟合法

在现有的基于移动窗口函数模型和随机模型系统误差自适应拟合方法的基础上,提出一种基于移动窗口动态导航模型系统误差的随机加权拟合法,在相同的窗口内给出了相应的状态预报向量协方差阵的随机加权拟合。由于动力学模型系统误差难以直接修正,采用修正状态估计误差向量及动力学模型误差向量的方法,实现对动力学模型系统误差的修正,然后利用修正后的动力学模型及相应的协方差阵进行导航滤波计算,有效地抑制动力学模型系统系统误差的影响,提高导航解算的精度。仿真结果证明,采用随机加权拟合后的算法精度优于未进行拟合的卡尔曼滤波和自适应卡尔曼滤波算法。     

一种改进的H.264/AVC空时编码方案及仿真实现

传统H.264无线视频传输系统误码率较高并且重建图像质量差,针对此问题提出一种改进方案。传输系统采用H.264编码器和多输入多输出(MIMO:Multiple-input Multiple-output)系统级联的模型:基于不等差错保护思想,在信源端依照优先级顺序将H.264码流分为两部分,利用空时预编码技术的分集优势提升高优先级码流的传输可靠性,同时不改变低优先级码流的误码率,提高了无线传输系统整体性能。仿真结果表明:与传统方案相比,改进方案可以在不提高总发送功率的前提下获得较好的重建图像质量,在低信噪比时,重建图像的平均峰值信噪比可提升近7dB,且检测复杂度适中。     

状态空间模型、协调积分与股票价格预测

应用向量值状态空间模型的两步建模方法分析了深圳五种股票价格的动态行为,样本选在１９９６年下半年这一股市波动较为剧烈的时期．研究结果表明：在趋势模型中五种股票的价格序列构成了带有一个共同趋势（根的估计值为０．９９）的协调积分过程．此外在周期模型中还发现了一个较弱的趋势和两个复数根．最后通过有关统计量和２０天的样本外预测以及Ｈｅｎｒｉｋｓｓｏｎ与Ｍｅｒｔｏｎ提出的非参数检验方法验正了分析和预测结果的有效性.