REE geochemistry of suspended sediments from the rivers around the Yellow Sea and provenance indicators

Rare earth element (REE) compositions of the suspended sediments from the rivers around the Yellow Sea were different in that Korean river sediments (Han, Keum and Yeongsan Rivers) yield stronger fractionations than Chinese river sediments (Changjiang, Huanghe and Yalujiang), shown by obvious enrichments of LREE (light rare earth element) relative to UCC (upper continental crust).Variations of source rock compositions in the drainage basins are responsible for the differences of REE compositions between the river sediments. REE fractionation parameters including (La/Yb)ucc and (Gd/Yb)ucc as well as the ratios of La/Sc and Th/Sc can be treated as proper proxies for identifying the Chinese river sediments from those Korean river matters, and furthermore, for studying the provenances and paleoenvironmental changes of the marginal seas of China.     

浅谈30m预制预应力砼箱梁的施工控制

结合商周高速公路SZTJ6合同段施工实践,介绍了30m预应力连续箱梁预制过程中施工的控制要点,质量控制方法和技术。     

The controlling factors and distribution prediction of H_2S formation in marine carbonate gas reservoir,China

Generally, there are some anhydrites in carbonate reservoir, as H2S is also familiar in carbonate oil and gas reservoirs. Nowadays, natural gas with high H2S concentration is usually considered as TSR origin, so there is close relationship between H2S and anhydrite. On the contrary, some carbonate rocks with anhydrite do not contain H2S. Recently, researches show that H2S is only a necessary condition of H2S formation. The reservoir porosity, sulfate ion content within formation water, reservoir temperature, oil/gas and water interface, hydrocarbon and some elements of reservoir rock have great controlling effects on the TSR occurrence. TSR deoxidizes hydrocarbon into the acidic gas such as H2S and CO2, and the H2S formation is controlled by TSR occurrence, so the relationship among reaction room, the contact chance of sulfate ion and hydrocarbon, the reservoir temperature has great influence on the TSR reaction. H2S has relatively active chemical quality, so it is still controlled by the content of heavy metal ion. Good conditions of TSR reaction and H2S preservation are the prerequisite of H2S distribution prediction. This paper builds a predictive model based on the characteristic of natural gas reservoir with high H2S-bearing. In the porosity reservoir with anhydrite, the formation water is rich in sulfate and poor in heavy metal ion. Oil and gas fill and accumulate in the gas reservoir with good preservation conditions, and they suffered high temperature later, which indicates the profitable area of natural gas with high H2S-bearing.     

酸性条件下合成介孔氧化硅的孔结构及其调湿性能

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作模板剂,采用酸性常温法制备介孔氧化硅材料SH,通过添加TMB扩孔剂对其进行改性得到SH TMB,分别测试其吸湿、放湿性能,并采用小角度XRD、TEM、B.E.T.等测试手段研究其孔结构、比表面积和孔径分布等,分析微观形貌与其调湿性能之间的关系。结果表明:酸性条件下合成的介孔氧化硅SH有着很好的吸湿放湿性能,并且添加TMB后其湿度调节能力增大。     

开采扰动区(EDZ)内层状围岩变尺度损伤及失稳预计实验及综合分析

在地下开采中常遇到层裂影响围岩力学行为,考虑到安全支护载荷及衍生动力灾害的可能性及工程应用,基于现场工程调查和室内多尺度煤岩动力破坏规律实验观察,建立了物理相似模型,完成了基于声发射(AE)的采空区覆岩变尺度损伤与断裂的模拟实验,对开采扰动区工作面周期来压(4个阶段)、围岩破裂与损伤的声发射特征参数(总事件与能率以及隐含的临界敏感性)等多元信息进行了综合比较,获得了老顶来压强度及支护阻力的定量化指标,这为工程现场EDZ内顶板大范围破断、围岩稳定性、破碎岩体失稳垮落等监测与控制提供依据。     

阳信洼陷岩性油气藏成藏控制因素分析

阳信洼陷古近系断裂发育,沉积相和沉积体系频繁变化,有效烃源岩分布广泛,为岩性油气藏的形成提供了良好的地质条件.阳信洼陷岩性油气藏主要包括砂体上倾尖灭油气藏、砂岩透镜体油气藏、断层-岩性油气藏、火成岩油气藏、构造-岩性油气藏5种类型.砂体上倾尖灭油气藏主要分布于北部陡坡带和南部斜坡带,砂岩透镜体油气藏主要分布在中部洼陷带、北部扇三角洲前缘相带和南部三角洲前缘相带,断层-岩性油气藏分布于断裂带附近,构造-岩性油气藏分布于鼻状构造带,火山岩油气藏分布于火山发育带.阳信洼陷有利的构造环境———沉积体系、充足的油气源条件、储层物性条件、断层(裂)体系的沟通或侧向遮挡、有效的直接盖层及生储盖的有机配置等优越条件是控制阳信洼陷岩性油气藏的形成与分布的主要因素.     

影响密立根油滴实验的因素分析

讨论了近代物理实验——密里根油滴实验,分析了油滴实验中影响实验成败的主要因素,从视场中有无油滴、如何控制油滴、影响油滴的带电因素及如何选择油滴四个方面分析了实验中可能出现的问题并对此提出了相应的对策,为今后的实验提供了教学依据。     

机动车排放模型的应用及其适用性比较

运用模型估算城市机动车排放因子及排放总量,是机动车污染控制研究的一个重要方向。目前,在模型使用方面,国内主要借用MOBILE等国外较为成熟的模型,这在我国排放因子计算方面缺乏数据积累、基础研究薄弱情况下不失为一种选择。然而,这些模型一般根据不同的需要开发,在数据积累等方面具有较强的地域性,难免会与国内实际情况不符。国内现有研究更多集中于对利用模型得到的排放因子进行分析,对模型适用性的研究鲜有涉及。本文从MOBILE、IVE、EMFAC、CMEM、COPERT模型在国内应用的实际情况出发,从模型类型,地域性,数据库的完整性、模型的可移植性和参数可获性这几个方面,比较了这几个有代表性的机动车排放模型在国内的适用程度,指出了在不同地区情况和不同阶段,模型不同的适用范围。     

A new method to calculate monthly CO emissions using MOPITT satellite data

A new method is developed to calculate monthly CO emission data using MOZART modeled and MOPITT observed CO data in 2004. New CO emission data were obtained with budget analysis of the processes controlling CO concentration such as surface emission, transport, chemical transform and dry deposition. MOPITT data were used to constrain the model simulation. New CO emission data agree well with Horowitz’s emissions in the spatial distributions. Horowitz’s emissions are found to underes- timate CO emissions significantly in the industrial areas of Asia and North America, where high CO emissions are mainly due to the anthropogenic activities. New CO emissions can better reflect the more recent CO actual emissions than Horowitz’s.     

金刚石薄膜场致发射的研究

简要分析了 FED场发射显示器的工作原理 ,陈述了非晶金刚石薄膜特殊的优点后 ,对用金刚石薄膜制作场发射器的可行性进行了讨论 ;还介绍了利用金刚石薄膜和阳极选择的方法对Spindt FED作了改进 ,从而使平面 FED更容易实现。