静电纺丝技术制备二氧化铈纳米纤维

采用静电纺丝技术制备了PVP／Ce（NO3）3复合微米纤维,研究了反应体系的最佳组成,获得了最佳制备条件。将PVP／Ce（NO3）3复合微米纤维在600℃焙烧10h,获得了晶态CeO2纳米纤维。XRD分析表明,PVP／Ce（NO3）3复合纤维为无定型,CeO2纳米纤维为立方晶系,空间群为OH^5-F^M3m。SEM分析表明,PVP／Ce（NO3）3复合微米纤维表面光滑,平均直径约为1．0～2．0μm;所制备的CeO2纳米纤维的平均直径为300nm,长度大于50μm。     

CePO_4：Dy（3＋）微纳米纤维的制备及其荧光特性的研究

采用高压静电纺丝技术和高温焙烧制得CePO4：Dy3＋微纳米纤维。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X-射线衍射（XRD）、差热-热重分析（TG-DTA）及荧光光谱（PL）等测试手段对纤维的表面形貌、纯度、晶型及荧光性质进行了表征。SEM测试结果显示经过1100℃焙烧,纤维直径减小到150 nm左右。XRD测试结果显示焙烧温度越高,样品的结晶性越好,其晶相为单斜晶相,与国际标准数据库No.83-0650基本吻合。FTIR测试结果与XRD测试结果相吻合。荧光光谱测试显示样品具有较好的荧光性质,尤其是发射光谱展示了Dy3＋的4F9/2-6H15/2,4 F9/2-6 H13/2标准跃迁并表明发射强度在一定浓度范围内（摩尔分数为0～5.0%）随着Dy3＋掺杂浓度的增大而增强。     

静电纺纳米纤维的纺程形态模拟

采用计算流体动力学(CFD)对静电纺射流进行计算机模拟,采用POLYFLOW软件在二维空间上对稳定段射流的运动形态进行2D模拟,采用FLUENT软件对不稳定段射流运动形态进行3D模拟.采用专用前处理软件GAMBIT建立几何模型和生成网格.模拟结果显示:当溶液流速不变时,射流直径随牵伸力的增加而变小;但当牵伸力太大时,射流在运动的过程中不再仅仅是变细,在某一位置会出现先变粗再变细的情况;当牵伸力达到一定程度时,稳定射流消失.对于不稳定射流的模拟结果发现:在牵伸力小的情况下,射流容易发生弯曲;在牵伸力大的情况下,射流发生弯曲的位置即不稳定点离喷头远.模拟结果与实验结果十分吻合.     

Preparation of metal oxide doped ACNFs and their adsorption performance for low concentration SO2

Metal oxide （TiO2 or Co304） doped activated carbon nanofibers （ACNFs） were prepared by electrospinning. These nanofibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and Brunner- Emmett-Teller method （BET）. The results show that the average diameters of ACNFs were within the range of 200-500 nm, and the lengths were several tens of micrometers. The specific surface areas were 1146.7 m2/g for TiO2-doped ACNFs and 1238.5 m2/g for Co304-doped ACNFs, respectively. The electrospun nanofibers were used for adsorption of low concentration sulfur dioxide （SO2）. The results showed that the adsorption rates of these ACNFs increased with an increase in SO2concentration. When the SO2 concentration was 1.0 μg/mL, the adsorption rates of TiO2-doped ACNFs and Co3Oa-doped ACNFs were 66.2% and 67.1%, respectively. The adsorption rate also increased as the adsorption time increased. When the adsorption time was 40 min, the adsorption rates were 67.6% and 69.0% for TiO2-doped ACNFs and Co304-doped ACNFs, respectively. The adsorption rate decreased as the adsorption temperature increased below 60℃, while it increased as the adsorption temperature increased to more than 60℃.     

静电纺二醋酯纳米纤维的热性能研究

以二醋酸纤维素为原料,通过大量尝试性试验,找到了两种较理想的溶剂体系,即以单独丙酮为溶剂和以丙酮/二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)混合溶液作溶剂,成功制备了静电纺二醋酯纳米纤维.通过热重(TG)法和差示扫描量热(DSC)法,对比分析两种溶剂体系下制得的纳米纤维与原材料在热性能上的差异.研究发现:静电纺二醋酯纳米纤维的热稳定性较原二醋酸纤维素差,且以丙酮/DMAC混合溶液作溶剂纺得的纳米纤维的热性能变化更显著.     

热点成型技术在实验教学中的应用

该文构想将静电纺丝和微流控两种技术融入到本科生的实验教学中去,并且在多方的支持下进行了尝试,获得了初步成果。文章对静电纺丝和微流控的装置、实验操作和所获得的产品进行了研究探讨,结果表明静电纺丝和微流控实验项目开设在聚合物成型加工专业实验课程中极大地激发了学生的学习兴趣和热情,具有一定的可行性和先进性。     

Preparation of PVDF/TiO_2 Electrospun Membranes and its Application as Separators for Lithium-ion Batteries

1 Results Microporous PVDF-based membranes could be used as polymer matrix due to its good ionic conductivity and high electrochemical stability in the organic electrolyte[1,2].Fig.1 SEM image of PVDF/TiO2 membraneIt was reported that the ionic conductivity of microporous PVDF-based membranes could be improved by filling with Al2O3 nanoparticles[3].In this paper,electrospinning was employed to prepare microporous PVDF/TiO2 membranes and tetrabutyl titanate was used as original source of TiO2 to improve...     

活化碳纳米纤维的制备

以电纺纤维素纳米纤维为原料,利用浸泡ZnCl2水溶液的化学活化法制备直径约为500nm的活化碳纳米纤维.ZnCl2将纤维素纳米纤维的脱水分解温度从339℃降低至287℃,将得炭率从15.7%提高至39.5%.活化碳纳米纤维表面形貌规整,无熔融现象;其纤维直径比未经活化盐处理的碳纳米纤维更小.     

电纺聚丙烯腈基碳纳米纤维的制备

通过静电纺丝制备了平均直径为350nm的聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维.将PAN纳米纤维分别在250,265和280℃温度下预氧化1h后,将它们在1 000℃下碳化得到碳纳米纤维.通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、差示扫描量热分析和X射线粉末衍射分析对PAN纳米纤维、预氧化后的纳米纤维及碳纳米纤维的形貌、热性能和化学结构进行了表征.结果表明,PAN纤维的最佳预氧化温度为280℃.在该温度预氧化后所得碳纤维的导电性最好,电导率为(13±0.58)S/cm.     

乙交酯丙交酯共聚物电纺丝超细纤维对利福平的控制释放

载药电纺丝超细纤维体系是药物控制释放领域中一个全新的剂型,近年来已引起广泛的关注.研究了乙交酯丙交酯共聚物(PLGA,LA/GA=80/20)电纺丝超细纤维在磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=7.4)中对利福平的控制释放行为.结果显示利福平的释放过程可分为2个阶段:在第一阶段为释放慢速期,药物的释放速率取决于纤维中利福平分子的扩散速...