锂离子电池正极材料LiCu0.05Mn1.95O3.9F0.1的结构与电化学特性

以溶胶-凝胶法合成了阴阳离子复合掺杂尖晶石型锰酸锂正极材料LiCu0.05Mn1.95O3.9F0.1,XRD表征合成产物具有良好的尖晶石结构;SEM测试表明所合成产物的颗粒达到了亚微米级,且分布均匀,形貌较好.以该物质作为锂离子电池的正极材料组装成扣式电池,经充放电循环测试可知 LiCu0.05Mn1.95O3.9F0.1材料比LiMn2O4正极材料能够更好地抑制电池的可逆容量在充放电过程中的衰减,循环性能有了很大改善,表现出很好的电化学可逆特性.     

镍镀层材料表面硬脂酸配合物膜的电化学和光电子能谱研究

通过加速化学和电化学腐蚀实验(LSV)比较了长链脂肪酸和杂环化合物等一系列有机缓蚀剂在镍镀层材料表面形成的配合物膜的耐蚀性,结果表明,硬脂酸在镍镀层材料表面形成的膜耐蚀效果最佳.用光电子能谱(XPS和AES)研究了配合物膜层的结构和性能,以及在金属表面的成键特征和波谱变化,探讨了配合物膜的组成、化学状态和缓蚀机理.硬脂酸分子中COO-中的氧原子与镍镀层表面发生界面反应形成硬脂酸配合物膜,膜由镍的氧化物和镍的硬脂酸配合物组成,其中Ni和O分别呈 2、 3和-2价,配合物膜的结构可表示为Ni-硬脂酸/NimOn/Ni,各元素的相对原子百分浓度(A.C.%)分别为Ni65.6%、C23.5%、O10.7%,该膜层厚度约为12.5nm.     

聚噻吩衍生物的结构和在金属表面取向的NEXAFS研究

采用电化学方法将噻吩衍生物[3-(2-甲氧基苯)噻吩和3-溴代噻吩]聚合沉积到Pt片上,利用同步辐射光源采集聚噻吩衍生物中C的近边X射线吸收精细结构(NEXAFS)谱,以特征吸收峰强度对光的入射角度的依赖性为判据,实验证明了聚噻吩衍生物分子在金属表面的分子取向.由于噻吩环上取代基团电负性的差异,分子在衬底表面的取向有所不同:聚3-(2-甲氧基苯)噻吩无序的堆积在Pt表面,聚3-溴代噻吩倾斜于金属Pt表面.     

Determining method and conditional factors of electrochemical fingerprint of Chinese traditional medicine

The thermodynamic systems and kinetic model suitable for the electrochemical token of the compo-nent throng in Chinese traditional medicines have been analyzed. It has been indicated that the damp oscillatory reactions in the non-equilibrium close system and open system without the supplement of dissipative substance have important significance for the throng token and analysis of chemical com-ponents in Chinese traditional medicines. Various factors influencing the electrochemical fingerprint,such as reactant species and their concentrations,electrode types,temperature,stir rate,the kind,dosage and granularity of Chinese traditional medicines,have amply been researched by the B-Z os-cillatory reaction which used malonic acid as a main dissipative substance. In addition,the quantitative information about the chemical components in Chinese traditional medicines has been discussed in detail. The method and its conditions for determining the electrochemical fingerprint used in scientifi-cally distinguishing and evaluating Chinese traditional medicines have successfully been put forward.     

硫脲对BH-4在铜电极上电化学氧化行为的影响

使用循环伏安法、电化学交流阻抗法研究了铜电极上BH4-在不同硫脲浓度时的电化学氧化行为。实验结果表明在扫描速率40 mV/s时,硫脲存在时BH4-氧化峰比没有硫脲存在时明显增大;根据DBFC电池特征设计出等效电路(R(Q(RW))),对交流阻抗实验数据进行了拟合,结果表明,该等效电路与实际测量结果基本一致,具有较高的精确性;循环伏安和交流阻抗实验均表明,适当的硫脲可抑制DBFC阳极的析氢副反应。     

复合电解电化学法处理桉木化学机械浆制浆废液及其机理分析

针对化学机械浆废液有机物浓度高、色度深、处理难度大的问题,应用复合电解电化学法处理桉木化学机械浆制浆废液,探讨了各工艺条件对处理效果的影响,并对机理进行分析.结果表明:CODcr和色度去除效果受pH值、槽电流和通过量的影响,较低的pH值、较低的通过量和较高的槽电流有利于提高废液的处理效果;在pH为4、槽电流为0.5A、通过量为40ml/min的条件下,CODcr和色度去除率分别达到60%和92%.红外光谱分析表明,复合电解处理过程发生了羰基和木素结构的破坏,这可能是处理后废液色度大幅降低的重要原因;气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)分析表明,废液经过复合电解电化学法处理,芳香族类化合物相对含量减少,非芳香族类化合物相对含量显著增加,表明部分芳香族化合物的结构在处理过程中发生断裂破坏,生成了非芳香族的有机物,有利于降低废液毒性,提高可生物降解性.该方法可用于化学机械浆制浆废液生物处理前的预处理.     

电化学修形齿轮齿面微观形貌与摩擦学特性

以电化学修形前后的齿面微观不平度高度的特性和形状特性进行了分析和测算，研究了电化学表面平滑化对齿面摩擦，齿面闪温及润滑状态的影响；证明电化学修形能延长齿轮的使用寿命。     

Synthesis and characterization of bifunctional terbium complex-based nanoparticles

Novel bifunctional terbium complex-based nanoparticles were developed using a modified Stber method and a layer-by-layer assembly process. A magnetic core of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was coated with a silica shell to form the first layer. Then a ternary Tb3+ complex (TESPPA-Tb), which acted as a luminescent marker, was covalently bound to the silica surface by stable Si-O-Si bonds. The TESPPA monomer was synthesized by binding pyridine 2,6-dicarboxylic acid to 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, which was used as a ligand for coordination with the Tb3+ ions. An outer shell of silica was applied to the nanoparticles to allow for versatility with surface functionalization. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultravioletvisible spectroscopy, vibration sample magnetometer, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The bifunctional nanoparticles exhibited favorable superparamagnetic behavior and photoluminescence properties of Tb3+. These nanoparticles have potential applications in biolabeling, bioseparation, immunoassays, and pathogenic diagnosis.