横向爆炸载荷下开孔弹性板的应力集中

基于ANSYS 7.0/LS-DYNA程序,对3 m×3 m四边简支、厚度为0.025 m、中心开有0.3 m×0.3 m方孔的弹性板,在下三角爆炸载荷作用下的应力响应进行了分析;利用能量密度时间分布函数(TDFED)确定了动应力集中因子,重点讨论了时间步长和采样时间间隔对计算结果的影响。     

Induction of hemopoietic chimerism in the caprine fetus by intraperitoneal injection of fetal liver cells

Summary Intraperitoneal injection of allogeneic liver cells from 43-day-old male fetuses into normal 60-day female goat fetuses resulted in persistent hemopoietic chimerism in surviving recipients without clinical evidence of graft-versus-host disease. Transplantation of normal fetal liver cells into preimmunocompetent goat fetuses affected with -D-mannosidosis may provide an alternative strategy for evaluating hemopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of human lysosomal storage diseases.     

The contents of the pygidial gland of the primitive antNothomyrmecia macrops (Hymenoptera:Formicidae)

Summary The principal constituent of the pygidial gland ofNothomyrmecia macrops is 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-2-one, a substance not previously identified in insects. Also identified were 2,6-dimethylhept-5-enal, 2-nonanone, indole, -dodecalactone, and the hydrocarbons pentadecane, heptadecane, heptadecene and heptadecadiene, all in low nanogram quantities.     

Bicuculline and picrotoxin block γ-aminobutryic acid-gated Cl− conductance by different mechanisms

Summary Using isolated, internally perfused bullfrog dorsal root ganglion cells we have studied the dose-response curves for -aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the presence of internally or externally applied GABA antagonists. With external application of antagonists the inhibition of the GABA current by bicuculline was competitive and that by picrotoxin was noncompetitive. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline blocked when internally perfused.To whom reprint requests should be addressed.Acknowledgments. We thank Drs S. Minakami and S. Yasui for helpful discussions and comments.     

Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection

Summary Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection have disporven some of the central tenets of both the handicap mechanism and the sexy son hypothesis. These results suggest that the good genes approach to sexual selection may generally lead to erroneous results.Runaway sexual selection seems possible under a wide variety of circumstances. Quantittive genetic models have revealed runaway processes for sexually selected attributes expressed in both sexes and for attributes of parental care. Furthermore, the runaway could occur simultaneously in a series of populations that straddle an environmental gradient. While the models support the feasibility of runaway processes, empirical studies are needed to evaluate whether runaways actually happen. Estimates of critical genetic parameters are particularly needed, as well as measures of natural and sexual selection acting on the same population.The models also show that sexual selection has tremendous potential to produce population differentiation, particularly in epigamic traits. Differentiation is promoted by indeterminancy of evolutionary outcome, transient differences among populations during the final slow approach to equilibrium, sampling drift among equilibrium populations, and the tendency of sexual selection to amplify geographic variation arising from spatial differences in natural selection. Recent work with two- and three-locus models of sexual selection has produced results that parallel the results of the polygenic models^36–38,58. Thus the feature of indeterminate equilibria (outcome dependent on initial conditions) is common to both types of model.     

A major metabolite of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol reduces its cataleptic effect in mice

Summary The results described here demonstrate that THC-induced catalepsy in mice can be substantially inhibited by the prior administration of ¹-THC-7-oic acid, the major metabolite of THC in most species including humans. This raises the possibility that the intensity and duration of action of THC may depend to a large degree on the levels of this metabolite at the sites of action.We thank the National Institute on Drug Abuse for supporting this project by grants DA-02043 and DA-02052 and for supplying all of the cannabinoids. One of us (S.B.) is also the recipient of a Research Scientist Award from NIDA. We are grateful to Kristen Carlson and Thomas Honeyman for helpful suggestions in preparing this report.     

自主式交通系统功能架构优化密度峰值聚类算法

自主式交通系统(autonomous transportation system, ATS)是为应对主动式智慧交通发展趋势而提出的新一代交通系统。为科学合理地构建ATS功能架构,提出了一种面向多属性文本的优化密度峰值聚类算法(density peaks clustering, DPC)。该算法结合交通系统功能架构的基本特征,通过改进的词频-逆向文档频率算法与文本向量空间模型,将多属性文本转化成空间维度坐标。再利用高斯函数和决策值优化DPC算法进行聚类,并结合轮廓系数对聚类结果进行评价。为了检验算法的合理性,在ATS道路自动驾驶场景下,基于道路载运工具运行服务域、交通基础设施管理服务域和交通安全管理服务域的功能数据集进行了算例分析,依据聚类结果绘制功能架构图。架构图由自主感知-自主学习-自主决策-自主响应4层构成,验证了ATS应用场景中功能架构优化算法的可行性和合理性。算例结果表明：该算法的构建具有鲁棒性,算例轮廓系数整体均值为0.84,与原算法相比解决了聚类过程中聚类中心难以划定的问题;与原智能交通系统中的各架构设计相比,该功能架构更具有层次性和逻辑性。该优化算法能够促进新一代交通系统...     

高密度电法在非煤矿山老窑采空区探测中的应用

由于矿山开采存在不明废弃老窑及采空区、老窑采空区资料不详、边界和积水情况不明等问题,矿山生产存在严重安全隐患。本文以湖南冷水江某金属矿山老窑采空区探测为例,采用高密度电法实施了4条物探测量剖面,经数据反演处理解译,共推断出8个采空区异常,其视电阻率特征均为高阻异常,显示其均为非充水采空区,根据已有矿体产出形态,推测采空区体积共约2 484 m³,基本确定了采空区的整体情况。     

2,3-二羟基哌嗪与几种氨基化合物的缩合反应研究

由乙二胺与乙二醛的缩合物２,３－二羟基哌嗪,分别与甲酰胺、脲和乙二胺反应,制得２,４,７,９,１１,１４－六氮杂三环［８,４,０,０３,８］十四烷六盐酸盐四水合物（１）,２,５,７,９－四氮杂双环［４,３,０］壬－８－酮二盐酸盐－水合物（２）和２,５,７,１０－四氮杂双环［４,４,０］癸烷（３）。化合物１为未见文献报道的新化合物。化合物２的合成工艺条件优化后,反应得率与文献［１］相比有一定提高。化合物３的合成,由于将反应分为低温和高温两个缩合阶段,使反应得率提高到７７．５％。