国内城镇污水处理能耗计算方法

污水处理行业是高耗能产业,合理地估算污水处理工艺的能耗将有助于节能减排措施的制定和实施。依据国内城镇污水处理各单元的工艺运行特点,分析了污水处理单元能耗分布特征,总结出污水处理过程中各单元主要耗能设备的能耗计算公式。以喀左污水处理厂(采用典型A/O工艺)为例进行分析,挖掘其最具潜力的节能设备,给出相应的节能调控方向。     

冷弯薄壁型钢中间加劲板件有效面积计算方法

基于超薄壁高强冷弯型钢槽形截面轴压构件承载力试验研究,参考美国冷成型钢结构构件设计规范、澳洲冷成型钢结构规范和北美冷成型钢结构构件设计规范的计算方法,并结合我国现行《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》的三类不同加劲板件的有效面积计算公式,对中间加劲板件有效面积的合理计算方法进行了探讨,提出了与我国现行规范有效面积计算方法相一致...     

Morphology,size and distribution of MnS inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel during heat treatment

This article reports the morphology, size, and distribution evolution of MnS inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel during heat treatment. The variation of single large-sized MnS inclusions at high temperature was observed in situ using a confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM). The slender MnS inclusions first changed to pearl-like strings. These small-sized pearls subsequently coalesced and became closer together as the temperature increased. Large-sized MnS inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel samples with different thermal histories were investigated with respect to the evolution of their morphology, size, and distribution. After 30 min of ovulation at 1573 K, the percentage of MnS inclusions larger than 3 μm decreased from 50.5% to 3.0%. After a 3 h soaking period, Ostwald ripening occurred. Most MnS inclusions moved from the grain boundaries to the interior. The present study demonstrates that heat treatment is an effective method of changing the morphology, size, and distribution of MnS inclusions, especially large-sized ones.     

Effect of equal channel angular pressing on aging treatment of Al-7075 alloy

The effect of aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of equal channel angular pressed Al-7075 alloy was examined.Commercial Al-7075 alloy in the solid solution heat-treated condition was processed by equal channel angular pressing through route BCat both the room temperature and 120 1C. Only three passes of equal channel angular pressing was possible due to the low ductility of the alloy at both temperatures. Followed by equal channel angular pressing, the specimens have been aged at 120 1C for different aging times. Mechanical properties were measured by Vickers microhardness and tensile tests and microstructural observations were undertaken using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer as well as optical microscopy. Microstructural investigations showed that ultrafine-grained materials with grain size in the range of 200–350 nm and 300–500 nm could be obtained after three passes of equal channel angular pressing at room temperature and 120 1C, respectively. Equal channel angular pressing of solid solution heat-treated Al-7075 alloy accelerates precipitation rate and subsequently leads to a significant decrease in aging time to attain maximum mechanical properties. Furthermore, it is possible to achieve maximum mechanical properties during equal channel angular pressing at 120 1C as a result of dynamic aging and formation of small η′ phase.     

脱硫石膏-偏高岭土-水泥复合胶凝体系研究

对50%脱硫石膏和偏高岭土组成的辅助胶凝材料与50%水泥组成的复合胶凝体系进行了试验研究.结果表明:800℃热激活脱硫石膏为无水石膏,透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析表明存在明显空腔结构和晶体缺陷;脱硫石膏经400~800℃热激活处理后试样10min~7d的溶解速率不同,且经800℃热激活处理的脱硫石膏溶解速度最快;标养条件下选用经800℃热激活的脱硫石膏作为复合胶凝体系的组分能够获得较高抗压强度,而蒸养条件下可选用未经热激活的脱硫石膏;脱硫石膏与偏高岭土配比按CaSO4和Al2O3摩尔比控制,其比值在0.7~1.1范围内较为适宜,能够达到理想的强度且体积稳定性良好.     

有效应力对不同阶煤渗透率影响的差异性分析

 通过不同阶煤储层渗透率应力敏感性实验,对比分析了有效应力对不同阶煤渗透率影响的差异。结果显示,在相同有效应力变化范围内,低阶煤渗透率下降幅度大于中、高阶煤;低、高阶煤渗透率变化较中阶煤更符合指数函数变化规律;低有效应力阶段,低阶煤渗透率损害系数、应力敏感系数大于中、高阶煤;相同有效应力下,低阶煤割理压缩系数大于中、高阶煤;不同煤阶割理压缩系数随有效应力增加呈现下降趋势,不应将其视为常数。应力敏感性评价参数拟合结果显示,中、低阶煤渗透率损害系数、割理压缩系数符合指数函数变化规律,高阶煤渗透损害系数、割理压缩系数符合线性函数变化规律;不同阶煤渗透率应力敏感系数均符合指数变化规律。     

时效对10Ni10Mn2CuAl钢组织及性能的影响

基于富Cu相和NiAl(Mn)相复合沉淀析出强化的方式设计了一种新型高强度舰船用钢10Ni10Mn2CuAl,探究了时效处理工艺对10Ni10Mn2CuAl钢的组织及性能的影响.采用Thermo-Calc软件对析出相析出温度和含量进行理论计算,采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对基体典型夹杂及对时效处理后组织进行了分析,并进行了性能测试.研究结果表明:钢中富Cu相析出温度区间为300~606℃,最高质量分数为1.41%.随时效时间增加,马氏体板条呈现粗化到细化演变,硬度增加到峰值后趋于稳定.随时效温度升高加速析出相析出过程,硬度达到峰值的时间缩短.在最佳热处理工艺下(500℃时效24h),实验钢屈服强度为1435.51MPa,抗拉强度为1555.42MPa,延伸率为8%,综合性能达到最优.     

三维数值波浪水池技术与应用

建立了用于波浪-结构物相互作用数值模拟的三维数值波浪水池．应用VOF方法对粘性流动的基本方程进行数值求解并描述其自由表面，水池计算域的一侧使用数值造波机条件产生斜入射波浪，其下游开边界联合使用辐射条件和局部强迫衰减，侧向边界使用周期性条件使斜向波浪透过．数值试验表明，所建立的三维数值波浪水池产生和传播波浪具有良好的重复性和稳定性，应用于海洋结构物波浪荷载的确定也是可靠的．     

内电解法处理工业废水的研究进展

综合近十几年国内外有关内电解法废水处理技术研究文献 ,综述了内电解在理论、实践应用方面的研究现状 .对内电解的反应机理、铁屑改性、助剂和催化剂的选用、内电解处理设备的研制等方面进行了研究 ,并对内电解法在目前研究中存在的问题及今后的研究方向做了进一步探讨     

液体比热容的测量

介绍利用电阻加热丝和印制基板材料设计制作的加热板作加热装置，用泡沫塑料作绝热材料，用晶体管数字温度计测量温度，并用直线拟合法测量液体比热容的方法．实验证明，用这种方法测量液体比热容，比传统方法更简便，测量误差更小．