Determination of the optical thickness and effective particle radius of clouds from transmitted solar radiation measurements

A method is presented for determining the optical thickness (τc) and effective particle radius (re) of stratiform cloud layers from transmitted solar radiation measurements. A detailed study shows that the cloud optical thickness and effective particle radius of water clouds can be determined from transmission function measurements at 0.75 and 2.13 μm, provided that the scaled optical thickness τ′0.75>1 and re>5 μm. The wavelengths adopted by our study are similar to the channels of the moderate resolution imaging spectrometer (MODIS). The proposed method is invalid for optically thin clouds since transmission at 2.13 μm is less sensitive to re. The retrieval errors of τ′0.75 and re monotonically decrease with increasing τc. For clouds having τ′0.75≥2, the retrieval errors of τ′0.75 and re are below 10% and 20%, respectively. Transmissions at 0.75 and 1.65 μm can also be used to retrieve τc and re.     

Exchange-coupling interaction, effective anisotropy and magnetic property of nano-magnetic materials

The theories and models of exchange-coupling interaction between grains in nanocrystalline magnetic materials are introduced here. Their insufficiencies and distinctions from the experimental results are pointed out, and some revisions are made. The effects of the phase component ratio, the grain size and microstructure on the effective anisotropy and magnetic properties in the nanocomposite permanent materials and the improved models are discussed in detail.     

共建渝鄂湘黔边区交通运输网络的探讨

交通运输是区域内外发展联系的重要纽带,是一个国家或地区经济社会发展的基础。渝鄂湘黔边区由于地理位置制约和国家投资影响,交通运输发展相对滞后。交通运输落后严重阻碍着边区经济发展与社会进步。分析了渝鄂湘黔边区交通运输发展现状,透析该地区交通运输网络存在的问题及原因,论述了共建边区交通运输网络必要性,并提出了相应的对策措施。     

云南省边境县域产业结构空间差异分析

利用偏离一份额分析模型对云南省边境县域GDP及第一、二、三产业数据进行分析，结果表明：云南省边境县域产业结构模式相同的在空间分布上趋于相对集中；第一产业对边境县域经济增长起到主要推动作用的有勐腊县；第二产业对边境县域经济增长起到阻碍作用的有贡山县、盈江县、江城县、勐海县、绿春县、金平县；第三产业对边境县域经济增长起到主要推动作用的有腾冲县、瑞丽市、潞西市、景洪市、勐海县、富宁县；根据增长分量、产业结构分量、总偏离量将边境县城经济发展类型划分为发展优势区、发展平衡区、发展劣势区3种类型．     

双目标最优路问题

双目标最优路问题是指在一个图中找这样的路 ,使其权最大 ,费用最少。本文利用几个模型将双目标最优路问题转化成单目标问题 ,求得双目标最优路问题的有效解     

Modeling of multi-inclusion composites with interfacial imperfections: Micromechanical and numerical simulations

A micromechanical approach based on a two-layer built-in model and a numerical simulation based on boundary element method are proposed to predict the effective properties of the multi-inclusion composite with imperfect interfaces. The spring model is introduced to simulate the interface imperfection. These two methods are compared with each other, and good agreement is achieved. The effects of interface spring stiffness, volume ratio and stiffness of inclusions on the micro- and macro-mechanical behaviors ...     

壮族布傣求务仪式文化符号解读

求务是金龙壮族布傣族群侬峒节一种民间宗教信仰的法事活动。求务法事操持者通过对天琴、弹唱经书及法事仪式等要素的操作,向天转达人的祈求,实现祈福消灾的意志与愿望。求务仪式复杂而蕴寓高远,隐藏着丰富的象征意义,蕴寓着深远的文化内涵。     

EM菌剂在畜牧业中的应用(综述)

综述了ＥＭ （有效微生物群）对减少畜禽发病、提高生产性能和肉蛋品质、消除粪便恶臭等作用原理及其应用效果，并介绍了ＥＭ 的使用方法。     

一个动态IP电话网守发现策略

提出一个动态的 IP电话网守发现策略 ,以实现大规模 IP电话网的动态路由 .     

住房市场经济学分析——以上海市住房市场为例

从作为商品的住房本身的特点、房价的构成入手,对上海市近几年的住房供需情况进行了深入剖析,指出了上海市房价迅速升高的原因,并提出了一些合理化建议.